1 臺灣原住民技職教育之現況與發展 * ** 摘要 關鍵詞 : * **

1 臺灣原住民技職教育之現況與發展 * ** 摘要 關鍵詞 : * ** teresahsu@mail.nkuht.edu.tw lousj@ms22.hinet.net 2011 7 19 2011 8 4 2011 8 12

2 2011 The Status and Development of Technological and Vocational Education for the Aborigines in Taiwan Chang Hui Hsu * Shi Jer Lou ** Abstract Due to the policy of multiculturalism, equality in educational opportunity and care for disadvantaged groups, etc., there is a visible development in aborgines education in the recent years. The increase of aborgines students attending technological and vocational education system; their focus on technological and vocational education and their influence on the economic, learning and culture conditions of their ethnic groups are worthy of our attention.this paper is reviewing the development status, learning resources and learning problems of aborgines technological and vocational students to see, how good and far is the effect of the policy of government. A suggestion for the future development of aborgines technological and vocational education is made here to expand the student number, to build a full range of guidance system, to promote an academic-industry cooperation and innovation programs, to stimulate internationalization and localization, and to encourage research and development. Only soon may see a good prospect of technological and vocational for aborigines students. Keywords: aborigines students, technological and vocational education, educational resources * Chang Hui Hsu, Assistant Professor, Teacher Education Center, National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourismy ** Shi Jer Lou, Professor, Graduate Institute of Technological and Vocational Education, National Pintung University of Science and Technology E-mail: teresahsu@mail.nkuht.edu.tw; lousj@ms22.hinet.net Manuscript received: July 19, 2011; Modified: August 4, 2011; Accepted: August 12, 2011

3 壹 前言 1992 2011a 1998 2002 2011 2011

4 2011 貳 原住民技職教育現況 14 51 5 2011 5 11 12 10% 2.20% 2.59% 1 2011a 1 2010 年各級學校原住民學生人數結構表 a b % b/a 4,781,520 100.00 123,818 100.00 2.59 219,178 4.58 979 0.79 0.45 1,021,636 21.37 15,210 12.28 1.49 102,789 2.15 3,543 2.86 3.45 120 0.00 2 0.00 1.67 67,385 1.41 1,505 1.22 2.23 400,642 8.38 10,501 8.48 2.62 362,514 7.58 10,060 8.12 2.78 87,494 1.83 4,483 3.62 5.12 51,904 1.09 1,585 1.28 3.05 919,802 19.24 27,527 22.23 2.99 1,519,456 31.78 47,942 38.72 3.16

6 2011 20% 3 86% 61% 56% 29% 27% 17% 9% 8% 7% 6% 6% 2011b 2 2010 19,732 1.47% 12,260 7,472 62% 70% 30% 108 1% 979 11% 84% 2 2010 年各級學校原住民學生數 按性別 /% 123,818 75,469 20,561 19,732 3,543 6,601 8,609 871 108 123,818 75,469 20,561 61,591 38,685 10,750 8,140 552 3,141 3,938 447 62 61,591 38,685 10,750 62,227 36,784 9,811 11,592 2,991 3,460 4,671 424 46 62,227 36,784 9,811 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 49.74 51.26 52.28 41.25 15.58 47.58 45.74 51.32 57.41 49.74 51.26 52.28 50.26 48.74 47.72 58.75 84.42 52.42 54.26 48.68 42.59 50.26 48.74 47.72 資料來源 : 2011b 99 學年原住民學生概況分析 5

7 2010 10 2,394 687 671 602 416 351 342 329 298 294 2011b 60% 3 5 54.18% 61.82% 75.02% 77.37% 80% 3 2006 2010 年高中職原住民畢業生升學率統計表 2006 75.02 71.07 78.85 54.18 48.58 60.21 2007 70.96 66.22 75.57 48.28 43.65 53.00 2008 78.95 75.24 82.57 58.65 53.78 63.72 2009 75.94 72.24 79.63 56.89 51.52 63.06 2010 77.37 72.94 81.92 61.82 54.92 69.65 資料來源 : 2010 各級原住民升學率 http://www.edu.tw/ STATISTICS/content.aspx?site_content_sn=8168

8 2011 參 原住民技職學生之教育資源 87 17 一 原住民教育重要規章與計畫 10 11 12 2005 2004 1993 2006 2010 1 2011 2015 2010 1997

10 2011 三 原住民技職學生升學優惠 25% 2% 35% 2010 25% 5% 10% 70% 2007 16,350 2 7,000 4 4 2007 2010 年原住民學生升學優待取得文化及語言能力證明考試之通過統計表 2007-1 2007-2 2008-1 2008-2 2009 2010 10,102 15,133 10,087 6,950 12,569 13,570 8,535 12,732 8,220 5,308 10,451 11,209 84% 84% 81% 76% 83% 83% 6,596 9,754 6,103 3,280 7,541 7,937 77% 77% 74% 62% 72% 71% 資料來源 : 2011c 發展原住民族五年中程個案計畫 (95 99) 執行成果報告 http://140.111.34.34/docdb/files/dma7db041309180909b.pdf 四 原住民技職學生學雜費 助學 宿舍膳食等補助 11,000 10,000 2,600 2/3 2/3 3

12 2011 六 相關補助計畫 100 10% 100 20% 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 70% 15,000 10,000 1 6,000

13 肆 原住民技職學生之問題與檢討 100 104 2010 2004 1998 5,888 2007 14,608 1.47% 2.2% 2009 2007 2009

14 2011 2006 2009 2009 2004 2007 2010 2009 2007

15 伍 原住民技職教育之發展建議 一 原住民高等技職教育學生的擴充 二 全方位原住民技職教育輔導體系的建構 三 原住民技職教育產學創新方案的突破

16 2011 四 原住民技職教育的國際化與本土化 五 原住民技職教育的研究與發展 參考文獻 2009 政院原住民族委員會中程施政計畫 (99 102 年度 ) 核定版 http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docdetail.html?cid=f6f4 7C22D1435F95&DID=3E651750B40064679CDF37C2FB100685 Council of Aborgines Peoples, Executive Yuan. (2009). CIP's Medium-range policy planning (99-102). Retrieved from http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docdetail.html?cid=f6f4 7C22D1435F95&DID=3E651750B40064679CDF37C2FB100685

17 2011 原住民人口數統計資料 http://www.apc. gov.tw/portal/docdetail.html?cid=940f9579765ac6a0&did=0c3331f0eb D318C27F11A8C5343633D4 Council of Aborgines Peoples, Executive Yuan (2011). Aborgines demographics. Retrieved from http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/ docdetail.html?cid=940f9579765ac6a0&did=0c3331f0ebd318c27f11a8 C5343633D4 2004 原住民族教育法 http://law.moj.gov.tw/lawclass/ LawAll.aspx?PCode=H0020037 Laws and Regulations Database of the Republic of China (2004). Education act for aborgines peoples. Retrieved from http://law.moj.gov.tw/lawclass/lawall.aspx?pcode=h0020037 2005 中華民國憲法增修條文 http://law.moj.gov.tw/ LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCode=A0000002 Laws and Regulations Database of the Republic of China (2005). Upgrading provisions of the constitution of the Republic of China. Retrieved from http://law.moj.gov.tw/lawclass/lawall. aspx?pcode=a0000002 2004 高等教育原住民學生學校適應之研究 Wu, J. Y. (2004). A study on aboriginal undergraduate students' school adjustment in higher education. (Unpublished master thesis). Department of Multicultural Education, National Hualien Normal College, Hualien. 2007 臺灣原住民族導論 Wu, T. T. (2007). Introduction to Taiwan aborigines peoples. Taipei: Wu Nan. 2010 逢甲人文社會學報,20 227-259 Shen, T. L. (2007). A study among the vocational training, employment guidance and practicable strategies for Taiwanese aborigines. Feng Chia Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 20, 227-259. 2009 臺灣社會變遷下的原住民教育 : 教育政策的回顧與展望 Chou, H. M. (2009). Taiwan's aborgines education under the social change: Retrospect and prospect of education policy. Taipei: Academia Sinica. 2009 中華民國教育年報 ( 九十八年 ) 399-432 Ling, C. F.

18 2011 (2009). Aborgines education. In National Academy for Educational Research (Ed.), Education yearbook of the Republic of China (98) (pp. 399-432). Taipei: National Academy for Educational Research. 2009 教育資料與研究,82 1-14 Fan, L. J. (2009). The development strategies of aborgines higher education in Taiwan. Bimonthly Journal of Educational Resources and Research, 82, 1-14. 1997 中華民國原住民教育報告書 Ministry of Education (1997). Aborgines education report Republic of China. Taipei: Author. 2010 發展原住民教育五年中程個案計畫 (100 年至 104 年度 ) Ministry of Education (2010a). Medium-range development plans of aborgines education (100-104). Taipei: Author. 2011a 原住民大事記 http://140.111.34.34/budget/common/ index.php?z=570&zzz=570 Ministry of Education (2010a). Aborgines education chronicle. Retrieved from http://140.111.34.34/budget/common/index. php?z=570&zzz=570 2011b 歷年原住民族教育經費 http://140.111.34.34/docdb/ files/dma7db040b0d2106049.pdf Ministry of Education (2011b). Aborgines education budget annually. Retrieved from http://140.111.34.34/docdb/files/ dma7db040b0d2106049.pdf 2011c 發展原住民族五年中程個案計畫 (95 99) 執行成果報告 http://140.111.34.34/docdb/files/dma7db041309180909b.pdf Ministry of Education (2011c). The implementation report of medium-range development plans of aborgines education (95-99). Retrieved from http://140.111.34.34/docdb/ files/dma7db041309180909b.pdf 2010 各級原住民升學率 http://www.edu.tw/statistics/ content.aspx?site_content_sn=8168 Department of Statistics, Ministry of Education (2010). Enrollment rate at all levels of aborgines peoples. Retrieved from http://www.edu.tw/statistics/content.aspx?site_content_sn=8168 2011a 原住民學生概況統計 (99 學年度 ) http://www. edu.tw/files/publication/b0013/99na_appendix3.xls Department of Statistics, Ministry of Education (2011b). The overview statistics of aborgines students in 99 academic year. Retrieved from http://www.edu.tw/files/publication/b0013/99na_

19 appendix3.xls 2011b 99 學年原住民學生概況分析 Department of Statistics, Ministry of Education (2011a). The status and analysis of aborigines students in 99 academic year. Taipei: Author. 2011 原住民族教育政策白皮書 Ministry of Education, Council of Aborgines Peoples, Executive Yuan (2011). Aborigines education white paper. Taipei: Author. 2007 臺灣原住民研究論叢,2 47-64 Chang, P. L. (2007). A study on the preferential treatment of aborigines education. Taiwan Aborigines Studies Review, 2, 47-64. 2006 高職原住民學生學習態度之研究 Chen, M. M. (2006). A study on learning attitudes of aboriginal students in senior vocational school. (Unpublished master thesis). Department of technological and vocational education, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei. 2007 臺灣原住民研究論叢,1 103-124 Pan, Y. F. (2007). Action research on the development of Taiwan's aborgines culture and creative Reflections on visiting the aborigines culture of United States and Canada. Taiwan Aborigines Studies Review, 1, 103-124. 2002 臺灣原住民教育 從廢墟到重建 Tan, G. D. (2002). Taiwan aborigines education From remains to reconstruction. Taipei: Shta Bookstore. 2004 原住民 教育 研究 檢討與反省 http://www.ced.ncnu. edu.tw/department_activities/%e8%b3%87%e6%96%99%e6%aa%94/%e5%8e %9F%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91%E3%80%81%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E3% 80%81%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6-E8%AD%9A%E5%85%89%E9%BC%8E.pdf Tan, G. D. (2004). Aborigines, education, research Review and introspection. Retrieved from http://www.ced.ncnu.edu.tw/department_activities/%e8%b3% 87%E6%96%99%E6%AA%94/%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91%E3 %80%81%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E3%80%81%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6- E8%AD%9A%E5%85%89%E9%BC%8E.pdf

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