35 3 2011 5 Vol. 35 No. 3 May 2011 64 Population Research * 20 80 Labor Migrants Working and Living Environments and the Related Health Impacts Evidences from Shenzhen Niu Jianlin Zheng Zhenzhen Zhang Linghua Zeng Xuchun Abstract China has observed rapid population migration and de facto urbanization during the past three decades and this has brought about great challenges to the environment and population health for big cities.for the reasons including institutional arrangement and labor market segregation the environment and health risks encountered by labor migrants are most serious.employing retrospective data on labor migrants life experiences health living and working conditions collected from a sample survey in Shenzhen this study examined the major environmental impacts on current labor migrants health.it is found that the environmental factors have salient detrimental effects on labor migrants physical and psychological health.it is imperative to improve the labor migrants living and working conditions in addition to enhancing their health behaviors and social support. Keywords Labor Migrants Living Condition Working Environment Physical and Psychological Health Authors Niu Jianlin Assistant Professor Institute of Population and Labor Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Zheng Zhenzhen Professor Institute of Population and Labor Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Zhang Linghua and Zeng Xuchun Professor Shenzhen Institute of Population and Family Planning. * SSRC SS- RC Rockefeller Brothers Fund
3 65 1 20 80-1 1 2005 2 2004 3 2010 4 2010 5 2010 Li Stanton Chen et al. 2006 Li Stanton Fang et al. 2006 2002 2007 2006 Meng & Zhang 2001 Shen & Huang 2003 Wang et al. 2002 2009 ~ 2010 1
66 35 2-2010 5 ~ 6 1 2 7 12 3 1025 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3 1 1-1 58. 1 2 2009 3 1 2 14. 6% 2009 2010 pp9 http / /www. stats. gov. cn /tjfx /fxbg /t20100319_402628281. htm
3 67 86% 7. 6 5. 9 1 Table 1 N = 1025 Profile of the Survey Respondents Sample Size = 1025 / < 20 8. 6 / 12. 0 20 ~ 29 47. 7 15. 8 30 ~ 39 25. 9 72. 3 40 + 17. 8 39. 6 56. 8 2. 4 43. 2 54. 5 / / 3. 5 5. 6 41. 1 / 40. 4 26. 6 16. 5 15. 4 / 8. 5 11. 3 53. 8 2009 40. 4 1 39. 7 8. 0 1 ~ 3 46. 4 5. 6 3 ~ 5 10. 0 6. 4 5 3. 9 9. 6 SD 58. 1 14. 2 25. 0 SD 7. 6 5. 4 4. 9 SD 5. 9 4. 9 4 4. 1 2 90% 17. 6%
68 35 Table 2 2 Living Conditions of the Labor migrants in Shenzhen % 86. 2 21. 3 7. 1 14. 3 4. 4 21. 8 2. 4 36. 9 / 76. 6 45. 9 / 66. 2 43. 2 6. 0 16. 9 3. 5 70. 2 1. 5 12. 9 89. 0 17. 0 57. 6 56. 5 56. 6 26. 6 57. 0 36. 9 17. 6 39. 5 69. 9 18. 6 12. 5 5. 0 1 2 1 /3 20% ~ 30% 10% 5. 8% 1 2 Figure 1 Characteristics of the Figure 2 Likelihood of Getting Injured Working Environment in Current Working Station
3 69 4. 2 3 38. 2% 32. 8% 1 12 / / 12 70. 9% 12 85% 55. 7% 36. 4% 73. 7% 58. 1% 64% 48% 3 Table 3 Labor Migrants Health Status and Health Service Utilization in Shenzhen 12 70. 9 / 61. 8 / 38. 2 14. 8 55. 7 0 67. 2 / 18. 2 1 26. 8 13. 1 2 5. 0 10. 1 3 + 1. 0 8. 1 73. 7 10. 7 58. 1 7. 9 6. 7 12 32. 2 11. 1 17. 4 10. 5 8. 3 8. 5 1. 6 7. 7 3. 7 7. 6 36. 4 1 13. 6% 10. 3% 3%
70 35 4. 3 - Optimal Scaling 18 12 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r 7 a b c d e f g 0 1 2 3 1 4 5 1-3 4. 3. 1-4 - 1. 5 ~ 3. 3 3 1 2 3 1 2009 3 ~ 5 1 2 2 1 0. 926 0. 897
3 71 4 N = 998 Table 4 Standardized OLS Regression Coefficients of Labor Migrants Physical Health Beta 1 Beta 2 Beta 3 = 15 ~ 24 25 ~ 34 0. 07 0. 07 0. 07 35 0. 01 0. 01 0. 01-0. 003 0. 01 0. 003 2009 = 1 1 ~ 3 0. 0001-0. 001-0. 02 3 ~ 5 0. 08 * 0. 08 * 0. 06 5-0. 003 0. 02 0. 02 = 0. 01 0. 01 0. 004-0. 07 * - 0. 07 * - 0. 09 ** - 0. 11 *** - 0. 10 ** - 0. 09 ** - 0. 02-0. 01-0. 01-0. 10 ** - 0. 08 * - 0. 07 * - 0. 05-0. 03-0. 02 0. 08 ** 0. 05 0. 03 0. 35 *** 0. 31 *** 0. 32 *** 0. 02 0. 02-0. 01 0. 001 0. 13 *** 0. 12 *** = 0. 09 * 0. 08 * 0. 19 *** 0. 18 *** 0. 08 ** 100 = - 0. 03-0. 12 ** = 1-0. 05 1-0. 11 ** 1-0. 10 ** = / / - 0. 02 = 0. 10 ** 0. 02 R - square 0. 175 0. 220 0. 254 * p < 0. 05 **p < 0. 01 ***p < 0. 001
72 35 4 3 3 100 1 4. 3. 2-5 - 1. 3 ~ 3. 0 p < 0. 1 1 1 ~ 3 3 5 2 2 1 R - square
3 73 5 N = 998 Table 5 Standardized OLS Regression Coefficients on Labor Migrants Psychological Health Beta 1 Beta 2 Beta 3 = / 0. 06 & 0. 06 & 0. 05 0. 10 * 0. 11 * 0. 11 * / / 0. 01 0. 01 0. 02 2009 = 1 1 ~ 3-0. 09 * - 0. 08 * - 0. 08 * 3 ~ 5 0. 02 0. 03 0. 01 5-0. 06-0. 02-0. 04 = 0. 01 0. 03 0. 02-0. 03-0. 03-0. 05-0. 07 * - 0. 05 & - 0. 06 * - 0. 05-0. 03-0. 04-0. 08 * - 0. 04-0. 05-0. 04-0. 01-0. 01 0. 07 * 0. 03 0. 001 0. 25 *** 0. 21 *** 0. 22 *** - 0. 01 0. 02-0. 05-0. 04 0. 10 ** 0. 08 * = 0. 14 *** 0. 13 *** 0. 26 *** 0. 24 *** 0. 03 100 = - 0. 02-0. 05 = 1-0. 03 1-0. 10 ** 1-0. 10 ** = / / - 0. 12 *** = 0. 07 * 0. 001 R - square 0. 110 0. 175 0. 212 & p < 0. 1 * p < 0. 05 **p < 0. 01 ***p < 0. 001 5
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