2012 1 346 * DP 0. bare classifier phrase 1 indefinite definite 2002 2006 2 B B-ClP 3 1987 4 B B identifiable generic B * 38
specific non-referential 1. 5 1. 1 Chao 1968 Xu 1995 1. 1. 1 1 2 6 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 7 deictic 8 11 shared-knowledge anaphoric 12 1944 1990 161 13 14 A 15 16 B1 / B2 2012 1 39
/ 7 1. 1. 2 specific 17 A B 18 A B 17 18 1985 NP hot news 2004 104 2009 238 258 2003 47 62 17 B A B 18 A 2009 17 18 1. 1. 3 non-specific 19 1. 1. 4 individual 2002 20 21 2. 3 + individual-level predicate 20 stage-level predicate 22 / 23 24 40
1. 1. 5 entity 1987 87 25 26 27 quantifier phrase 1. 2 28 29 30 1. 3 + 8 + + 1. 3. 1 31 32 33 + + 31 32 1994 76 33 2003 65 1. 3. 2 34 35 36 37 38 34 35 36 37 38 2012 1 41
39 / 1. 3. 3 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 * 1. 3. 4 + + 48 49 50 48 49 50 1. 4 51 52 1. 5 2006 number phnase measure phnase 53 54 55 37 56 27 / 36 2. 42
2. 1 57 58 2. 2 59 60 2. 3 1. 4 61 62 63 2. 4 64 65 2. 5 66 67 68 69 70 2. 6 / 71 72 73 74 2. 7 75 2012 1 43
76 3. B 3. 1 B 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 A B 85 85 A B 9 2004 104 B 86 * 87 * 88 86 87 B 44
89 90 91 B 3. 2 B 92 k uai 44 k uo 5 93 t ian 44 t i 5 94 k 44 k 5 B 92 93 a B o i n B B B 10 3. 3 B 3. 3. 1 1 2 B B 瑏瑡 Chao 1968 Xu 1995 B B 1944 1990 166 B 獉獉 1. 1. 5 1. 1. 2 獉 2009 243 NP 2012 1 45
NP NP DP DP D ClP XP NumP NumP Num ClP XP 3. 3. 2 B 1999 2010 瑏瑢 95 = discourse marker 96 a. b. 97 a. 98 a. b. b. 96 96 97 98 Schiffrin 1987 Fraser 1999 Blakemore 2002 4. 1993 2007 2006 1991 1995 1996 1989 2006 2003 瑏瑣 B 46
B 瑏瑤 B 2010 234 3. 3 1 1944 2 3 B B B 4 referential non-referential identifiable non-identifiable specific non-specific generic individual 5 6 7 8 1999 2005 / 9 10 B 1985 瑏瑡 2007 瑏瑢 瑏瑣 2007 197 2012 1 47
1996 2008 瑏瑤 B B 2002 26 1995 1987 2 1992 3 2007 6 2010 1991 1985 NP 5 2002 4 1995 1989 + 2 1996 1995 2004 2005 2003 2002 5 2005 3 2006 1 2005 2009 6 1980 1985 1944 1990 1996 1996 + 2 1985 1 2002 2 2007 1996 2 2004 2008 2006 3 48
1999 2007 1993 1 1988 + 4 1994 2 1997 45 2009 1996 2 1999 2 2003 2006 2 1997 1 Abney S. 1987 The English Noun Phrase in its Sentential Aspect. Doctoral dissertation MIT. Artemis Alexiadou Liliane Haegeman Melita Stavrou 2007 Noun Phrase in the Generative Perspective. New York Walter de Gruyterco. Blakemore 2002 Relevance and Linguistic Meaning Cambridge University Press. Chao Yuenren 1968 A Grammar of Spoken Chinese. Berkeley University fo California Press. Chomsky N. 1981 Lectures on Government and Binding The Pisa Lectures de Gruyter Mouton. Chen Ping 2004 Identifiability and Definiteness In Chinese Linguistics 42-6 1129-1184. Fraser 1999 What are Discourse Markers Journal of Pragmatics 31. Huang C. -T. James Y. -H. Audrey Li Yafei Li 2008 The Syntax of Chinese Cambridge University Press. Schiffrin 1987 Discourse Markers Cambridge University Press. Xu Liejiong 1995 Definiteness Effect on Chinese Word Order Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 24. 1. 100732 2012 10 2012 3 1 A4 gdhy2012@ 126. com 2012 6 30 13616292318 15195973973 2012 1 49
size is accounted for by its etymological meaning of possess. Key words you + quantative phrase informational focus focus marker LIU Tanzhou SHI Dingxu Bare classifier phrases in the Yantai dialect In Chinese southern dialects such as Wu and Yue bare classifier phrases are identifiable or definite when acting as subjects but in the northern dialects only demonstrative phrases are identifiable in the same position. However in the Yantai dialect a typical northern Mandarin dialect the bare classifier phrases are found to be used as subjects and have the similar referential and syntactic features as their counterparts in the Wu and Yue dialects. This paper illustrates their usages and proposes that they are used to express intense emotions and subjective evaluations. It also analyses the syntactic properties of the classifiers. It seems that ge has grammaticalized and become a discourse marker as well as an attributive marker. Key words bare classifier phrase ge attributives discourse marker subjectivity DP CHEN Zeping The sound changes and the synchronic system of the rhymes in the Fu'an Dialect This paper distinguishes two kinds of rhyme alternations which lead to sound changes in the Fu'an dialect alternations in terms of the tone types and ones that result from a systematic autoregulation. It also argues that analyses on the static rhyme system should be based on its synchronic behaviors. Key words Fu'an dialect rhyme phonology WANG Linhui The evolution of the yinping tone and the origin of the Tianjin dialect The value of the yinping tone in the Tianjin dialect differs from that in the surrounding dialects. By comparing it with those in some Shandong Hebei and Liaoning dialects this paper argues that the tone value of the yinping in the Tianjin dialect is affected by Shandong dialects. The sandhi value 213 of the yinping tone should be taken as the original value while the current tone value 31 is a sandhi of the yinping tone. It seems reasonable to claim that the substratum of the Tianjin dialect is a Hebei or Shangdong dialect which was prevailing in this region at an early stage and not an immigrant dialect. Key words Tianjin dialect yinping tone tone value evolution 96