24 1 Vol.24 No.1 94 2008 1 Transactions of the CSAE Jan. 2008 2008 1 100094 2 100035 3 100081 4 100081 5 100101 GIS ( ) 65.12 16.82 13.74 15.27 11.07 t/(hm 2 a) 10.93% 41.43% 46.93% 65.4%. Bi Jiye, Zhu Daolin, Wang Xiufen, et al. GIS based study on grain productivity and resources utilization efficiency at county level in China Transactions of the CSAE in Chinese with Enginlish abstract [1-10] 1 km 1 km AEZ GIS 2007-10-23 2008-01-21 70473102 100094 Email: bijiye@163.com 100094 Email: dlzhu@cau.edu.cn (Agro-ecological Zone, AEZ) Kassam 20 70 FAO IIASA Wageningen 20 [11] 35%
1 GIS 95 Y = F y + (1 F) (1) 0 0 Y0 kg/hm 2 /day F y 0 y c kg/hm 2 /day [12] y m 20 kg/hm 2 /hour Y = cl cn ch G [ F(0.8+ 0.01 y ) T m yo + (2) (1 F)(0.5 + 0.025 ym) yc] y m 20 kg/hm 2 /hour Y = cl cn ch G [ F(0.5 + 0.025 y ) T m yo + (3) (1 F)(0.05 ym) yc] Y T kg/hm 2 cl cn ch G F y m kg/hm 2 /day y o y c Yp = Y f p) = Y (1 Ky W ) (4) T y c ( T d Yp kg/hm 2 YT kg/hm 2 f ( p) Ky W d [13,14] W d P + S Q Kc ET = S + ( Q Q t +η t t 1 st t t up uc ) (5) Pt (t) mm t Q st t mm ETt t mm Kc t S t 1 S t t Q Q t up uc mm η t P P + ( ETm P) k f ( w) = [1 ky (1 ] (1 s) + [1 ky(1 )] s ETm ETm (6) f (w) k y ET m P s s k 1 Ys = Yp f () s (7) Ys kg/hm 2 Yp kg/hm 2 f(s) 7 1961 2001 730 IDW GIDW KRIG 1km 1km 1 100 GIS 1999 2001 39 1 65.12 16.82 13.74 15.27 11.07 t/(hm 2 a)
96 2008 9.17% 9 t/ hm 2 a 1 474 Fig.1 Potential grain productivity at county level in China(except Taiwan province) Ep = Ya / Yp (8) Ep p Yp p Ya 1999 2001 p 1 4 E 1 E 2 E 3 E 4 Ep 2 18% 5.73% 12% 18% 36.35% 8% 12% 33.01% 8% 24.9% 1999 2001 10.93% 10.93% 48.51% 3 6% 18% 1831 78.85%
1 GIS 97 78.45% 12% 18% 909 39.15% 6% 361 18% 130 10.93% 1088 46.86% 24.6% 86% Fig.4 Utilization efficiency of photo-temperature potential at county in China(except Taiwan province) Fig.2 Utilization efficiency of photosynthetic at county in China(except Taiwan province) Fig.3 Grade distribution of photosynthetic potential utilization efficiency at county in China(except Taiwan province) 5 20% 60% 1986 85.53% 82.68% 20% 40% 748 30.36% 20% 167 60% 169 41.43% 1012 43.58% 4 75% 20% 1999 2001 41.43% Fig.5 Grade distribution of photo-temperature potential utilization efficiency at county in China(except Taiwan province) 6 1999 2001
98 2008 46.93% 40% 30.6% 40% 65% 58.6% 40% 55% 40.8% 65% 10.8% 40% 65% 1371 59.04% 40% 697 75% 93 46.93% 1185 51.03% 8 1999 2001 65.4% 40% 14.5% 40% 60% 26.3% 60% 80% 32.9% 80% 26.3% 60% 80% Fig.6 Utilization efficiency of water resources potential at county in China(except Taiwan province) Fig.7 Grade distribution of water resources potential utilization efficiency at county in China(except Taiwan province) 7 Fig.8 Utilization efficiency of land potential at county in China(except Taiwan province)
1 GIS 99 9 40% 80% 1461 62.9% 40% 305 13.1% 65.4% 1154 49.7% Fig.9 Grade distribution of land potential utilization efficiency at county in China(except Taiwan province) 1km 1km GIS 1 2 10.93% 41.43% 46.93% 65.4% 1/10 2/5 2/5 3/5 3 [1]. [J]. 2005 27 1 146 151. [2]. [M]. 2002. 1 8. [3]. [M]. 2002. 1 7. [4]. [J]. 2001 22 2 25 32. [5]. [J]. 1998 20 5 7 11. [6]. [J]. 2002 24 3 86 91. [7]. [J]. 2001 20 3 240 246. [8]. [J]. 1999 4 2 19 22. [9]. [J]. 2006 26 4 632 635. [10].. 2003 18 2 99 102. [11]. [D]. 2004.13. [12]. [M]. 1979. [13]. [J]. 2000 15 3 252 258. [14]. [J]. 2005 20 3 347 353.
100 2008 GIS based study on grain productivity and resources utilization efficiency at county level in China Bi Jiye 1,2, Zhu Daolin 1, Wang Xiufen 3,4, Chen Baiming 5 (1.College of Environment and Resource, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 2.China Land Surveying and Planning Institute, Beijing 100035, China 3. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Agricultural Academy of Science, Beijing 100081, China; 4. The Key Laboratory of Agro-environment Climate change, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China 5. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China) Abstract: Based on the situation of food security and sustainable agricultural development, this research attempts to study systematically issues of potential grain productivity and resources utilization efficiency in China(except Taiwan province) by applying theoretical models(agro-ecological Zone, AEZ) at county level with GIS technology. The results show that in general the potential grain productivity tends to be higher in southeast than in northeast China, and the average potential photosynthetic productivity, potential photo-temperature productivity, precipitation productivity, water resources productivity and land resources productivity is 65.12, 16.82, 13.74, 15.27 and 11.07 t/(hm 2 a) respectively. The average resources utilization efficiency of photosynthetic, photo-temperature, water resources and land resources is 10.93%, 41.43%, 46.93% and 65.4%, respectively, which shows that the present grain productivity has more space to improve. The development of grain production varies significantly among the counties studied, and the utilization efficiency of agriculture resources in Inner Mongolia and Losses Plateau are lower, while in Northwest China, Huang-huai-hai Plain, Sichuan Basin the utilization efficiency of agriculture resources are higher. Key words county; potential productivity; resources utilization efficiency