2012, Vol. 20, No. 10, 1700 1708 Advances in Psychological Science DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2012.01700 * BTI 人格类型量表 : 新近发展及应用 湜 (, 210097) BTI 是 Katherine Briggs 与 Isabel yers 共同研制出的一种人格类型评估工具 近些年来, 伴随其理论的演进, BTI 量表本身也经历了三个阶段的发展 通过系统梳理 BTI 的发展历程并总结相关应用研究的主要结论, 发现 : 该量表的内在发展脉络是 从类型间差异评估, 到类型内差异评估, 直至个体差异评估 而未来研究应注重 : 调查我国职业基础人群 BTI 人格类型, 建立数据库 ; 深化 BTI 量表研究 ; 开展 BTI 跟踪研究及跨文化研究 ; 深入并拓展 BTI 人格类型的应用研究领域 BTI; 人格类型 ; 职业咨询 ; 团队发展 B841 1 引言,, (Personality determines the fate),, -(yers-briggs Type Indicator, BTI), (arrety, 2007) BTI ;, ;, (ccrae & Costa, 1989), BTI,, (Center for applications of psychological type, CAPT) (Consulting Psychologists Press, CPP), BTI (Trust), BTI STEP I STEP II STEP III,, CAPT, 1968, : 2012-02-16 * 2011 (11FXA001) : 顾雪英, E-mail: guxueying@vip.sina.com BTI 12000 1994, BTI-,,, (ardner & artinko, 1996; Pittenger, 2005;,, 2006;, 2009),,,, 2 发展演进 1942, Katherine Briggs Isabel yers,, (Extraversion, E) (Introversion, I) ; (Sensing, S) (Intuition, N); (Thinking, T) (Feeling, F); (Judging, J) (Perceiving, P), 16, BTI, 10,, 1 BTI STEP I II III,, 1700
10 : BTI 1701 表 1 BTI 量表发展重要事件表 ( ) 1942 BTI-A yers Briggs BTI, BTI-A 1943~1961 BTI-B C D E 20, yers, B C D E 1962 (ETS) BTI, BTI 1968 Takeshi Ohsawa BTI, BTI 1969 ary ccaulley yers,, 1975 BTI-F BTI F, 166, (CAPT),, (CPP) BTI, BTI, 1977 BTI-, 126, BTI STEP I 1979, (The Association for Psychological Type, APT) ; Tom Carskadon (Journal of Psychological Type) 1980 Isabel yers, Peter yers Katharine yers BTI 1985 ccaulley BTI, CPP 1987 BTI-J J, 27, 290, 1989 BTI-K K, David Saunders 1998 BTI-,, BTI STEP I 2001 BTI-Q Q, BTI STEP II,, 2009 BTI STEP III, Isabel yers,,,, BTI, 2.1 STEP I: 类型间差异评估 STEP I,, STEP I BTI, 1998,, 2 2.2 STEP II: 类型内差异评估 BTI, Isabel yers,,, STEP I 5 (Facets), 20, STEP II, BTI-Q (Quenk, Hammer, & ajors, 2001) STEP II,, E/I 5, STEP I, STEP II,, STEP II Q 2001, 2 2.3 STEP III: 个体差异评估 BTI,,,, STEP III, yers, ccaulley, Quenk, Hammer
1702 20 表 2 BTI 量表及其测量学指标研究结果 / 信度 效度 / yers & ccaulley, 1985 4 0.80~0.92 Capraro, R.., & Capraro,.., 2002, 1998 2001 4 α 0.55~0.97,,, 2001 4 α : E-I: 0.8721; S-N: 0.7029; T-F: 0.7868; J-P: 0.8379 Quenk et al., 2001 Q 20 0.57~0.85 yers & ccaulley, 1985,,,, 2001 Capraro, R.., & Capraro,.., 2002, 2001 Quenk et al., 2001 Tzeng, Ware, & Chen, 1989,, Chia, Ren, 2000 yers, ccaulley, Quenk, & Hammer, 1998, 2001 Quenk et al., 2001 Buboltz, Johnson, Nichols, iller, & Thomas, 2000; Francis, Craig, & Robbins, 2007; yers & ccaulley, 1985; Furnham & Crump, 2007, 2000 yers et al., 1998 Q Q 4 4 0.8 ; 2.5, 0.6 5 6, 0.64~0.9 8 4, E-I, 0.725; T-F, 0.541, 1998 2001 0.48~0.91 4 E-I: 0.775; S-N: 0.638; T-F: 0.776; J-P: 0.871 0.55~0.78, 0.56~0.90, 97 6, AFI NNFI 0. 949 0. 967,, 20 EPQ SDS SII NEO-PI FIRO-B, 16PF PI-2 EPQ P, 16PF, NEO, CPI, itchell (2009), STEP III,,, STEP III 222, Q, 20, F, BTI,,, STEP II STEP III, 3 BTI 在职业领域的相关研究,
10 : BTI 1703 BTI ; BTI,, BTI, 3.1 人格类型分布研究,,, ardner artinko (1996), TJ Carr, Curd Dent (2004) 8000,, ESTJ ENTJ INTJ ENTP, ESTJ ISTJ (,, 2004;,, Ian, 2009;,, 2011),, TJ, yers,, 3.2 人格类型的影响效果研究研究者,, Hough Ogolvie (2005), NT, ;, SF, J/P E/I,, (N/S, F/T),, BTI,, ichael (2003), BTI,, Brown Reilly (2009),,, E N ;,, BTI,,, BTI 1974, yers ccaulley, ; (yers, et al., 1998), BTI, Varvel, Adams, Pridie Ulloa (2004),, BTI,,, Kuipers, Higgs, Tolkacheva de Witte (2009) 156 1630,,,, BTI,,,,,, BTI, BTI, allén (2009), 10,, NT, ST,, 4 BTI 在教育领域的相关研究 yers (1998),, BTI
1704 20, ;,, 4.1 人格类型分布研究 Sears, Kennedy Kaye (1997), ESFJ ISFJ,, ; ENTJ INTJ,, Cooper iller (1991), N,, BTI,,,,, Hogan (2009), ENTJ,,, Jessee, O Neill Dosch (2006), 4 ISTJ, ESFJ, ESTJ ISFJ,, S J, (2006),, ISTJ, ESTJ ISFP; E-I J-P, 4.2 人格类型的影响效果研究 Cross, Neumeister Cassady (2007) 931,, INTJ, INTP,INFP,ENFP ENTP; E/I,,, N P, N N-S,, ENFP, (ISFJ )(Rushton, Knopp, & Smith, 2006; Rushton, organ, & Richard, 2007), ENFP ISFJ,,,,, -,,,, Bell (2011), I/E,,, S T J,, Lin, Kao Chang (2010) 148, T/F,,,,,,, 5 BTI 在其它领域的相关研究 5.1 BTI 在家庭咨询领域的相关研究,,,, I. B. yers P. B. yers (1980) 20 40 375, 77% 2, N/S, Kong (2010),, N/S, yers,
10 : BTI 1705,,,, 5.2 BTI 在临床领域的相关研究, (Janowsky, orter, Hong, & Howe, 1999; Janowsky, orter, & Hong, 2002; Srivastava, et al., 2010),, E J ;, I P ; N (2007), S F P, ESFP, 5.3 BTI 在宗教领域的相关研究,, Francis, Butler, Jones Craig (2007) Craig, Francis Barwick (2010), I S J,, F, T, S,J,, N N,, J Francis Jones (1999), N S 6 总结与展望 BTI,,, BTI ;, BTI, BTI,,,, BTI, BTI,,,,,, BTI,,, BTI BTI STEP I II III 10,,,,,, BTI Thompson (2006) Q, BTI BTI STEP II,, BTI STEP III,,,,,,, BTI BTI, BTI 25, 25 ;,,,,,, BTI
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1708 20 the yers-briggs type indicator. Journal of Personality Assessment, 53, 727 738. Varvel, T., Adams, S.., Pridie, S. J., & Ulloa, B. C. R. (2004). Team effectiveness and individual yers-briggs personality dimensions. Journal of anagement in Engineering, 20, 141 146. BTI: New Development and Application U Xue-Ying; HU Shi (School of Education Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China) Abstract: BTI is an instrument designed to assess personality type. It is jointly developed by Katherine Briggs and Isabel yers. In recent years, along with the advancement of its theory, BTI has gone through three developmental stages. Based on our systematic review of the development of the theory and findings of applied research, we have found that the BTI has evolved from examining inter-type differences, to examining intra-type differences, and then to examining individual differences. Future research should focus on investigating personality types among people employed in various occupations to establish a Chinese BTI database, deepening the research on BTI instrument, carrying out longitudinal and cross-cultural studies, and conducting more applied research on the use of BTI in the field. Key words: BTI; personality type; occupational counseling; team development