: : (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; (4) ( Granovetter 1995) (Lin 1978) : (1) ; (2) ; (3) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ( ) ) (Granovetter 1995) : (Lin ) ( Mark Granove

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乳甫喜塔腊
5 years ago
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1 ( ) [] [ ] : [ ] ) (Lin ) ( Kelley 1990 ; Smith (Weber 1946) 1990) : (Sewell & Hauser 1975) (Wright 1979 ; Goldthorpe 1980) (Baron &Bielby 1980 ; Kalleberg 1988) ( Treiman 1970) ( ) () 30 ( ) (Blau & Duncan 1967) (ascribed status ) (achieved status 46

2 : : (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; (4) ( Granovetter 1995) (Lin 1978) : (1) ; (2) ; (3) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ( ) ) (Granovetter 1995) : (Lin ) ( Mark Granovetter 1974) 282 ( : ; ) ( ) ( ) 47

3 ( ) ( ) (Coleman 1990) ( Hechter 1983 ;Portes &Senssenbrenner 1993) ( ) (Putnam 1995) (Lin 1995 ; Flap 1996 ; Tardos 1996 ; ( ) Burt 1997 ;Portes 1998) ( : (1) ) ( ) ( ) ; (2) ( ) ; (3) ( : ) ( ) : (Bourdieu 1986 ; Coleman 1988) 1 48

4 : ( ( ) ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (accessed social capital) 1 ( ) Lin Ensel & Vaughn (1981 USA) Marsden & Hurlbert (1988 USA) Ensel (1979 USA) - - DeGraaf & Flap (1988 The Netherlands) - - Moerbeek Utle & Flap (1996 The Netherlands) - Wegener (1991 West Germany) - - Requena (1991 Spain) - - Barbieri (1996 Italy) - Hsung Sun & She (1986 Taiwan) - - Hsung & Hwang (1992 Taiwan) Bian & Ang (1997 Singapore) - 3 Volker & Flap (1996 East Germany) 3 Bian (1997 China) - Campbell Marsden & Hurlbert (1986 USA) - - Sprengers Tazelaar & Flap (1988 The Netherlands) 3 Barbierer (1996 Italy) - Boxman DeGraaf & Flap (1991 The Netherlands) - - Boxman & Flap (1990 The Netherlands) - - Burt (1992 USA) - - Burt ( USA) Lin & Dumin (1986 USA) 3 Hsung & Hwang (1992 Taiwan) - - Volker & Flap (1997 East Germany) Angelusz & Tardos (1991 Hungary) - Erickson ( Canada) - 3 Erickson (1998 Canada) - - Belliveau O Reilly & Wade (1996 USA) - - Boxman & Flap (Boxman 1992; H Flap E Boxman unpublished paper The etherlands) - - Flap &Boxman (1998 The Netherlands) - - Volker & Flap (1997 East Germany) - - Lai Lin &Leung (1998 USA) - 3 (mobilization) 1 49

5 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( (mobilized social capital) / / ( De Graff & Flap 1988) (Lin) 1992 (Lin Ensel Vaughn 1981 ;Lin ) 446 Vaughn Ensel 1981) (Moer2 400 beek 1995) ; / (Wegener 1991) ( Ensel 1979) (Barbieri 1996) 500 (Marsden & Hurlbert 1988) (Requena 1991) 50

6 : (Bian 1997) ( ) ( Hsung & Sun 1988) (Hsung & Hwang 1992) ( ) : (retrospective panel study) (Volker ( ) & Flap 1996) 1989 ( : ) 1989 ( ) 21 (Bian & Ang 1997) (name generators) (position genera2 tors) : : ( ) ( ( ) ( ) ) ( ) ( ) 51

7 ( ) ( ) (Campbell &Lee 1991) (Lin & Dumin 1986) ( ( ) ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (content free) / (role/ location - neutral) () ( Boxman De Graaf & Flap 1991) 1359 ( ( Campbell 1986) (Boxman & Flap 1990) ( ) (Barbieri 1996) (Burt 1990) ( ) ( ( ) ) ( ) ) ( ) (Sprengers 1988)

8 : (Burt 1997) ( ) (Lin & Dumin 1986) ( ) 1989 ( P < ) ( ) ; ( ) ( : ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (Angelusz & Tardos 1991) ( ) 1989 ( ) (Hsung & Hwang 1992) ( Erickson ) (Wright 1979) ( ) ( ) (Volker & Flap 1996) 33 ( Erickson 1998) : 53

9 ( ) (global) (local) ) 1989 ( ) ( (Lai 1998) ) ( (Lin 1981) ) 352 (LETS) 30 (Lin & Dumin 1986) ( LETS ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (LETS LETS LETS ) 31 : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( H1Flap E Box2 ( ) ( ) man ) ( ) (Volker & Flap 1996) : (p < 0110) ( ) ( ( ) 54

10 : son )? (Bian 1997 ;Bian &Ang 1997) ( ) ( ) (Bian 1997 ; Rus 1995 ; Sprengers 1988) (Lin 1990) ( ) ( Lin & Dumin 1986 ;Angelusz & Tardos 1991 ;Burt 1997) : ( 1) ( Gra2 ( ) novetter 1995)? ( Bridges & Willemez 1986 ; Marsden & Hurlbert 1988 ;Forse 1997) ( 1) ( structural effects) (agency effects) ; ( Erickson 1995) 41 ( ) ( ceiling ef2 fect) : (Lin 1981 ; Erick2 55

11 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( Ensel 1979) (Burt 1998) ( (Beggs & Hurlbert 1997) ; ) (Burt 1997) ( Green 1995) ; ( Stanton - Salazar & Dornbusch 1995 ;Stanton - Salazar 1997) (Bourdieu 1986 ;Coleman 1990) 51 ( ) :? ( ) (Boxman & Flap 1990Boxman 1991 ; Burt 1997 ; Erickson 1995 ;1996 Fernandez & Wein2 berg 1996) (DeGraaf & Flap 1988 ; Hsung & Sun 1988 ; Hsung & Hwang 1992) ( Krymkowski 1990) ( ) (Lin 1981 ;Marsden & Hurlbert 1988) IBM ; 56

12 : (Boxman 1991) ture and Action (Cambridge University Press 2001) : (Flap & Boxman 1998) (86 ) 1 tion (Cambridge University Press 2001) ; (89 ) : Angelusz R Tardos R The strength and weakness of : gary ed1 P Somlai pp Budapest : Coordinating Council of Prog1 : Barbieri P Household social capital and labour mar2 ket attainment1 ECSR Workshop1 Max Planck Inst1 Hum1 Dev1 Educ1 Berlin August ( Homans 1950 ; Lazarsfeld & Merton 1954 ; Laumann Baron JN Bielby WT9801 Bringing the frm back in : stratifi Lin 1982) cation segmentation andthe organization of work1 Am1 Sociol1 Rev145 : Beggs JJ Hurlbert JS The social context of men s and women s job search ties : voluntary organization memberships social resources and job search sutcomes1 Sociol1 Perspect1 40 (4) : Bian Y Bringing strong ties back in : indirect connec2 tion bridges and job search in China1 Am1 Sociol1 Rev1 62 (3) : %61 % ( China and Singapore1 Soc1 Forc1 75 : Granovetter 1995 P ) Structure1 New York : WileyBourdieu P1 1983/ The forms of capital1 In Handbook of Theory and Research forthe Sociology of E2 ducation ed1 J G Richardson pp Westport CT: Greenwood Boxman EAW De Graaf PM Flap HD The / impact of social and human capital on the income attainment of Dutch managers1 Soc1 Networks 13 : Social Capital : A Theory of Social Struc2 Social Capital : A Theory of Social Structure and Ac2 weak ties1 In Values Networks and Cultural Reproduction in Hun2 Bian Y Ang S Guanxi networks and job mobility in Blau PM Duncan OD The American Occupational

13 ( ) Boxman EAW Flap HD Social capital and occupa2 tional chances1 Int1 Sociol1 Assoc1 XII World Congr1 Sociol11 Madrid July1 Bridges WP Villemez WJ Informal hiring and in2 come in the labor market1 Am1 Sociol1 Rev1 51 : Burt RS Structural Holes : Competition1 Cambridge MA : Harvard Univ1 Press The Social Structure of Burt RS The contingent value of social capital1 Ad2 min1 Sci1 Q1 42 :339-65Burt RS The gender of social capital1 Ration1 Soc1 10 (1) : Campbell KE Lee BA Name generators in surveys of personal networks1 Soc1 Networks 13 : Campbell KE Marsden PV Hurlbert JS Social re2 sources and socioeconomic status1 Soc1 Networks 8(1) 1 Coleman JS Social capital in the creation of human capital1 Am1 J1 Sociol1 94 : S95 - S121 Coleman JS Foundations of Social Theory1 Cam2 bridge MA : Harvard Univ1 PressDe Graaf ND Flap HD With a little help from my friends1 Soc1 Forc1 67 (2) : Ensel WM Sex social ties and status attainment1 Albany NY: State Univ1 New York at Albany Press Erickson BH Networks success and class structure : a total view1 Sunbelt Social Networks Conf1 Charleston SC February Erickson BH Culture class and connections1 Am1 J1 Sociol1 102 (1) : Erickson BH Social capital and its profits local and global1 The Sunbelt XVIII and 5th Eur1 Int1 Conf1 on Soc1 Net2 works1 Sitges Spain May Fernandez RM Weinberg N Getting a job : networks and hiring in a retail bank1 Stanford Univ1 MarchFlap Henk D1 and ED Boxman Getting a job as a manager1 University of Utrecht the Netherlands1 Forse M Capital social et emploi1 L Annee Sociol1 47 (1) : Granovetter M Getting a Job1 Chicago : Univ1 Chica2 go Press1 Rev1 ed1 Green GP Tigges LM Browne I Social resources job search and poverty in Atlanta1 Res1 in Commun1 Sociol1 5 : Hechter M A theory of group solidarity1 In The Mi2 crofoundations of Macrosociology ed1 M Hechter pp Philadelphia : Temple Univ1 Press Homans GC The Human Group1 New York : Har2 court Brace Hsung R - M Hwang Y- J Job mobility in Taiwan : job search methods and contacts status1 XII Int1 Sunbelt Soc1 Net2 work Conf1 San Diego February Hsung R - M Sun C - S Social Resources and Social Mobility : Manufacturing Employees1 Taiwan : Natl1 Sci1 Council Kalleberg A Comparative perspectives on work struc2 tures and inequality1 Annu1 Rev1 Sociol1 14 : Kelley J The failure of a paradigm : loglinear models of social mobility1 in John H1 Goldthorpe : Consens and Controver2 sy ed1 J Clark C Modgil S Modgil pp ; London : Falmer Krymkowski DH The process of status attainment A2 mong men in Poland the U1S1 and West Germany1 Am1 Sociol1 Rev1 56 :46-59 Lai GW Lin N Leung S Network resources contact resources and status attainment1 Soc1 Networks 20(2) : Laumann EO Prestige and Association in an Urban Community1 Indianapolis : Bobbs - errilllazarsfeld PF Merton RK Friendship as social process : a substantive and methodological analysis1 In The Varied Sociology of Paul F1 Lazarsfeld ed1 PL Kendall pp New York : Columbia Univ1 Press Lin N Social resources and instrumental action1 In Social Structure and Network Analysis ed1 PV Marsden N Lin pp Beverly Hills CA : Sage Lin N Social resources and social mobility : a struc2 Goldthorpe J H Social Mobility and Class Structure in Modern Britain1 New York : Oxford Univ1 Press Granovetter M The strength of weak ties1 Am1 J1 So2 ciol1 78 : Granovetter M Getting a Job1 Cambridge MA : Har2 vard Univ1 Press 58 tural theory of status attainment1 In Social Mobility and Social Structure ed1 RL Breiger pp New York : Cambridge Univ1 Press Lin N Les Ressources Sociales : Une Theorie Du Cap2 ital Social1 Rev1 Francaise de Sociol1 XXXVI(4) : Lin N Dayton P Greenwald P Analyzing the instru2

14 : mental use of relations in the context of social structure1 Sociol1 Methods Res1 7 : Lin N Dumin M Access to occupations through so2 cial ties1 Soc1 Networks 8 : Lin N Ensel WM Vaughn JC Social resources and strength of ties : structural factors in occupational status attain2 ment1 Am1 Sociol1 Rev1 46 (4) : Lin N Vaughn JC Ensel W Social resources and occupational status attainment1 Soc1 Forc1 59 : Marsden PV1 Hurlbert JS Social resources and mobil2 ity outcomes : a replication and extension1 Soc1 Forc1 66 ( 4) : Moerbeek H Ultee W Flap H That s what friends are for : ascribed and achieved social capital in the occupational career1 The Eur1 Soc1 Network Conf1 London Portes A Social capital : its origins and applications in modern sociology1 Annu1 Rev1 Sociol1 22 :1-24 Portes A Sensenbrenner J Embeddedness and immi2 gration : notes on the social determinants of economic action1 Am1 J1 Sociol1 98 (6) : Putnam RD1 1995a1 Bowling alone revisited1 Responsive Commun1 Spring Requena F Social resources and occupational status attainment in Spain : a cross - national comparison with the United States and the Netherlands1 Int1 J1 Compar1 Sociol1 XXXII Tardos R Some remarks on the interpretation and pos2 sible uses of the social capital concept with special regard to the Hungarian case1 Bull1 Method1 Sociol1 53 : Treiman DJ Industrialization and social stratification1 In Social Stratification : Research and Theory for the 1970s ed1 EO Laumann pp Indianapolis : Bobbs - Merrill Volker B Flap H Getting Ahead in the GDR : Hu2 man Capital and Social Capital in the Status Attainment Process Under Communism1 Universiteit Utrecht the Netherlands Weber M Max Weber : Essays in Sociology ( Translat2 ed by H1 H1 Gerth and C1Wright Mills) 1 New York : Oxford U2 niv1 Press Wegener B Job mobility and social ties : social re2 sources prior job and status attainment1 Am1 Sociol1 Rev1 56 :1-12 Wright EO Class Structure and Income Determination1 New York : Academic Press ( ) ( : ) (3n4) : Rus A Access and Mobilization Dual Character of So2 cial Capital : Managerial Networks and Privatization in Eastern Eu2 rope1 New York : Columbia Univ1 Sewell WH Hauser RM Education Occupation & Earnings : Achievement in the Early Career1 New York : Academic Press Smith MR What is new in new structuralist analyses of earnings? Am1 Sociol1 Rev1 55 : Sprengers M Tazelaar F Flap HD Social resources situational constraints and reemployment1 Netherlands J1 Sociol1 24 : Stanton - Salazar RD A social capital framework for understanding the socialization of racial Minority children and youths1 Harvard Educ1 Rev1 67 (1) : Stanton - Salazar RD Dornbusch SM Social capital and the reproduction of inequality : information networks among Mexican - origin high school students1 Sociol1 Educ1 68 :

2001 2,, (Devine & Kiefer, 1991), :, ;,,,,?, 300, 57 % ( Granovetter, 1974),, ( Fernan2 dez & Weinberg, 1997) :,, ( Granovetter, 1973),,,,,,,, (Lin, 1

, 4, 1999,, 3 :,,, 1955,,, ;, 1963, 3,,,, 1956 1999 43,?,? 1999, 4,,,, 20 70, ( Granovetter),, 30, (), ( Information Asymmetry), 77 2001 2,, (Devine & Kiefer, 1991), :, ;,,,,?, 300, 57 % ( Granovetter,