being doing Alasdair MacIntyre personality traits Gordon Allport nomothetic idiographic Raymond Cattell surface traits source traits Hans Eysenck 0 Le

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "being doing Alasdair MacIntyre personality traits Gordon Allport nomothetic idiographic Raymond Cattell surface traits source traits Hans Eysenck 0 Le"

饭夷冉
7 years ago
Views:

1 DOI:0./j.cnki.qhdz No. 0 Vol CA Aristotle virtue Ethics moderate Normative Ethics consequentialism deontology Jeremy Bentham Immanuel Kant Virtue Ethics 8

2 being doing Alasdair MacIntyre personality traits Gordon Allport nomothetic idiographic Raymond Cattell surface traits source traits Hans Eysenck 0 Lewis Goldberg Big Five Model Robert McCrae Pual Costa Jr. Five Factor Model Oliver John OCEAN extraversion agreeableness Alasdair MacIntyre After Virtue A Study in Moral Theory Allport G. W. Personality A Psychological Interpretation New York Holt 9 p. 9. Cattell R. B. Eber H. W. & Tatsuoka M. M. Handbook for the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire PF Champaign IL Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 90 Eysenck H. J. Biological Dimensions of Personality. In L. A. Pervin Ed. Handbook of Personality Theory and Research New York Guilford 990 pp. - Goldberg L. R. The Structure of Phenotypic Personality Traits American Psychologist Costa P. T. Jr. & McCrae R. R. NEO PI-R Professional Manual Odessa FL Psychological Assessment Resources Inc. McCrae R. R. and Costa P. T. Jr. An Introduction to the Five-factor Model and Its Applications Journal of Personality 99 0 pp. - John O. P. & Srivastava S The Big Five Trait Taxonomy History Measurement and Theoretical Perspectives In L. A. Pervin & O. P. John Eds. Handbook of Personality Theory and Research New York Guilford 999 nd ed. pp

3 conscientiousness neuroticism openness Five Factor Theory fundamental attribution bias Alice Isen bystander effect John Darley McCrae R. R. Costa P. T. Jr. The Five Factor Theory of Personality In L. A. Pervin & O. P. John Eds. Handbook of Personality Theory and Research New York Guilford 999 nd ed pp. 0-8 Meritt M. Doris J. M. & Harman G. Character In J. M. Doris & The Moral Psychology Research Group eds. The Moral Psychology Handbook Oxford Oxford University Press 00 pp. - 0 Ross L. The Intuitive Psychologist and His Shortcomings Distortions in the Attribution Process In L. Berkowitz Ed. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology New York Academic Press 9 Vol. 0 pp. - 0 Isen A. M. & Levin P. F. The Effect of Feeling Good on Helping Cookies and Kindness Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 9 pp Latané B. & Darley J. M. The Unresponsive Bystander Why Doesn t He Help New York Appleton-Century- Crofts 90 0

4 Stanley Milgram Richard Nisbett the culture of honor 98 Walter Mischel Personality and Assessment person-situation debate % 0. 0% % Darley J. M. & Batson C. D. From Jerusalem to Jericho A Study of Situational and Dispositional Variables in Helping Behavior Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 9 pp Milgram S. Obedience to Authority New York Harper & Row 9 Cohen D. Nisbett R. E. Bowdle B. & Schwarz N. Insult Aggression and the Southern Culture of Honor An Experimental Ethnography Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 99 0 pp Mischel W. Personality and Assessment New York NY Wiley 98 Mischel W. From Personality and Assessment 98 to Personality Science Journal of Research in Personality 009 pp Nisbett R. E. The Trait Concept in Lay and Professional Psychology In L. Festinger Ed. Retrospections on Social Psychology New York Oxford University Press 980 pp Roberts B. W. Back to the Future Personality and Assessment and Personality Development Journal of Research in Personality 009 pp. - Kenrick D. T. & Funder D. C. Profiting from Controversy Lessons from the Person-situation Debate American Psychologist 988 pp. - Rosenthal R. & Rubin D. B. A Simple General Purpose Display of Magnitude and Experimental Effect Journal of Educational Psychology 98 pp. - 9 Funder D. C. & Ozer D. J. Behavior as a Function of the Situation Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 98 pp. 0 - Fleeson W. & Noftle E. E. In Favor of the Synthetic Resolution to the Person-situation Debate Journal of Research in Personality 009 pp. 0 -

5 Grand Theory Pervin L. Personality the Science of Personality Oxford UK Oxford University Press 00 nd ed. p. 0 Gino F. Gu J. & Zhong C. B. Contagion or Restitution When Bad Apples Can Motivate Ethical Behavior Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 009 pp Zhong C. B. Lake V. B. & Gino F. A Good Famp Is the Best Police Darkness Increases Dishonesty and Self-interested Behavior Psychological Science 00 pp. - Anderson C. A. Anderson K. B. Dorr N. DeNeve K. M. & Flanagan M. Temperature and Aggression In. M. P. Zanna Ed. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 000 pp. - Zhong C. B. Strejcek B. & Sivanathan N. A Clean Self Can Render Harsh Moral Judgment Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 000 pp Liljenquist K. Zhong C. B. & Galinsky A. D. The Smell of Virtue Clean Scents Promote Reciprocity and Charity Psychological Science 00 pp. 8-8 Mischel W. Toward an Integrative Science of the Person Annual Review of Psychology 00 pp. -. Mayer J. D. A Tale of Two Visions Can a New view of Personality Help Integrate Psychology American Psychologist 00 0 pp McAdams D. P. Pals J. L. A New Big Five Fundamental Principles for an Integrative Science of Personality American Psychologist 00 pp. 0 -

6 S-R schema scripts self-schemata If Then S-R If Then NEO-PI- R Sigmund Freud dual-process model Daniel Kahneman intuition reasoning Carver C. S. & Scheier M. F. Attention and Self-regulation A Control Theory Approach to Human Behavior New York Springer-Verlag 98 Carver C. S. & Scheier M. F. Self-Regulation of Action and Affect In R. Baumeister & K. Vohs Eds. Handbook of self-regulation Research Theory and Applications New York Guilford 00 pp. - 9 Muraven M. & Baumeister R. F. Self-regulation and Depletion of Limited Resources Does Self-control Resemble a Muscle Psychological Bulletin 000 pp. - 9 Schmeichel B. J. & Baumeister R. Y. Selfregulatory strength In Baumeister R. F. &. Vohs K. D. Eds. Handbook of self-regulation Research Theory and Applications New York Guilford 00 pp Mischel W. Shoda Y. A. Cognitive-affective System Theory of Personality Reconceptualizing Situations Dispositions Dynamics and Invariance in Personality Structure Psychological Review 99 0 pp. - 8 Mischel W. Toward an Integrative Science of the Person Annual Review of Psychology 00 pp. - Kammrath L. K. Mendoza-Denton R. Mischel W. Incorporating if... then... personality signatures in person perception Beyond the person-situation dichotomy Journal of Personality and Social Psychology pp. 0-8 Markus H. Self-schemata and Processing of Information About the Self Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 99 pp. - 8 Mischel W. & Shoda Y. Toward a United Theory of Personality Integrating Dispositions and Processing Dynamics within the Cognitive-Affective Processing System In O. P. John & L. A. Pervin eds. Handbook of personality rd New York Guildford Press 008 pp Costa P. T. Jr. & McCrae R. R. NEO PI-R Professional Manual Odessa FL Psychological Assessment Resources 99 Inc Sloman S. A. The Empirical Case for Two Systems of Reasoning Psychological Bulletin 99 9 pp. - Kahneman D. A Perspective on Judgement and Choice American Psychologist 00 8 pp. 9-0

7 If Than Cognitive-Affective Units CAUs If Then Kahneman D. A Perspective on Judgement and Choice American Psychologist 00 8 pp. 9-0 Haidt J. The Emotional Dog and Its Rational Tail A Social Intuitionist Approach to Moral Judgment Psychological Review pp. 8-8 Bargh J. A. & Chartrand T. L. The Unbearable Automaticity of Being American Psychologist 999 pp. - 9 Morsella E. & Bargh J. A. in press Unconscious Action Tendencies Sources of Un-intergrated Action In J. Decety & J. T. Cacioppo Eds. Handbook of Social Neuroscience Pizarro D. A. & Bloom P. The Intelligence of Moral Intuitions Comment on Haidt 00 Psychological Review 00 0 pp Funder D. C. & Ozer D. J. Behavior as a Function of the Situation Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 98 pp. 0 - Tversky A. & Kahneman D. Judgment Under Uncertainty Heuristics and Biases Science 9 8 pp. - Mischel W. & Shoda Y. Toward a unified Theory of Personality Integrating Dispositions and Processing Dynamics within the Cognitive-Affective Processing System. In O. P. John & L. A. Pervin eds. Handbook of personality New York Guildford Press 008 rd Ed. 008 pp. 08 -

8 D dopamine D receptor DRD novelty-seeking amygdala anterior cingulated cortex ACC medial prefrontal cortex Med- PFC lateral prefrontal cortex LPFC 8 9 瑏瑠 heuristic 瑏瑡 8 9 瑏瑠瑏瑡 Plomin R. & Caspi A. Behavioral Genetics and Personality In L. A. Pervin & O. P. John Eds. Handbook of Personality Theory and Research New York Guildford Press 999 nd Ed. pp. - Canli T. Toward a Molecular Psychology of Personality In John O. P. Robins R. W. & Pervin L. A. Eds. Handbook of Personality Theory and Research New York Guilford 008 rd Ed. pp. - Canli T. Neuroimaging of Personality In P. J. Corr & G. Matthews Eds. The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology Cambridge UK Cambridge University Press 009 pp. 0 - Canli T. Zhao Z. Desmond J. E. Kang E. Gross J. & Gabrieli J. D. E. An fmri Study of Personality Influences on Brain Reactivity to Emotional Stimuli Behavioral Neuroscience 00 pp. - Haas B. W. Constable R. T. & Canli T. Stop the Sadness Neuroticism is Associated with Sustained Medial Prefrontal Cortex Response to Emotional Facial Expressions NeuroImage 008 pp. 8-9 Canli T. Neuroimaging of Personality. In P. J. Corr & G. Matthews Eds. The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology Cambridge UK Cambridge University Press 009 pp. 0 - Kahneman D. A Perspective on Judgement and Choice American Psychologist 00 8 pp. 9-0 Roberts B. W. Walton K. & Viechtbauer W. Patterns of Mean-Level Change in Personality Traits across the Life Course A meta-analysis of Longitudinal Studies Psychological Bulletin 00 pp. - Roberts B. W. Wood D. & Caspi A. The Development of Personality Traits in Adulthood In O. P. John R. W. Robins & L. A. Pervin Eds. Handbook of Personality Theory and Research New York NY Guilford 008 rd ed pp Han S. Northoff G. Culture-sensitive Neural Substrates of Human Cognition A TransCultural Neuroimaging Approach Nature Review Neuroscience pp. - Ramírez-Esparza N. Gosling S. D. Benet-Martínez V. Potter J. & Pennebaker J. W. Do Bilinguals Have Two Personalities A Special Case of Cultural Frame Switching Journal of Research in Personality 00 0 pp Haidt J. The Emotional Dog and Its Rational Tail A Social Intuitionist Approach to Moral Judgment Psychological Review pp. 8-8 Baron J. Nonconsequentialist Decisions Behavioral and Brain Sciences 99 pp. - Gigerenzer G. Moral Intuition = Fast and Frugal Heuristics In W. Sinnott-Armstrong Ed. Moral Psychology Volume The Cognitive Science of Morality Intuition and Diversity Cambridge MA MIT Press 008 pp. - Sinnott- Armstrong W. Young L. & Cushman F. Moral Intuitions as Heuristics. In J. Doris G. Harman S. Nichols J. Prinz W. Sinnott-Armstrong S. Stich. eds. The Oxford Handbook of Moral Psychology. Oxford UK Oxford University Press 00.

9 reciprocity oxytocin 8 9 瑏瑠瑏瑡 Benjamin Franklin 8 9 瑏瑠瑏瑡 Laland K. Imitation Social Learning and Preparedness as Mechanisms of Bounded Rationality In G. Gigerenzer and R. Selten eds. Bounded Rationality The Adaptive Toolbox Cambridge MA MIT Press 00 pp. - Greene J. D. Sommerville R. B. Nystrom L. E. Darley J. M. & Cohen J. D. An fmri Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgment Science 00 9 pp Wheatley T. & Haidt J. Hypnotically Induced Disgust Makes Moral Judgments More Severe Psychological Science 00 pp Valdesolo P. & DeSteno D. Manipulations of Emotional Context Shape Moral Judgment Psychological Science 00 pp. - Zak P. J. Trust a Temporary Human Attachment Facilitated by Oxytocin Behavioral and Brain Sciences 00 8 pp. 8-9 Kosfeld M. Heinrichs M. Zak P. J. Fischbacher U. & Fehr E. Oxytocin Increases Trust in Humans Nature 00 pp. - Wiggins J. S. Agency and Communion as Conceptual Coordinates for the Understanding and Measurement of Interpersonal Behavior In W. M. Grove & D. Ciccetti Eds. Thinking Clearly About Psychology Vol. Personality and Psychopathology Minneapolis MN University of Minnesota Press 99 pp Eysenck H. J. Biological Dimensions of Personality In L. A. Pervin Ed. Handbook of Personality Theory and Research New York Guilford 990 pp. -. Goldberg L. R. The Structure of Phenotypic Personality Traits American Psychologist 99 8 pp. - Mc- Crae R. R. & Costa P. T. Jr. Toward a New Generation of Personality Theories Theoretical Contexts for the Fivefactor Model In J. S. Wiggins Ed. The Five-factor Model of Personality Theoretical Perspectives New York Guilford 99 pp Aristotle The Nicomachean Ethics 00

10 Christopher Peterson Martin Seligman wisdom and knowledge courage humanity justice temperance transcendence character strengths Values in Action-Inventory of Strengths VIA-IS strengths of the head strengths of the heart Johansen Haidt / harm /care / fairness / reciprocity justice rights / ingroup /loyalty / authority /respect / purity /sanctity Jacques P. Thiroux Ethics Theory and Practice Dahlsgaard K. Peterson C. & Seligman M. E. P. Shared Virtue The Convergence of Valued Human Strengths Across Culture and History Review of General Psychology 00 9 pp. 0 - Peterson C. & Seligman M. E. P. Character Strengths and Virtues A Handbook and Classification Washington DC American Psychological Association 00 pp. 9-0 Via Institute on Character. 00. VIA Survey. Retrieved March 0 at http / /www. viacharacter. org / Park N. & Peterson C. Does It Matter Where We Live The Urban Psychology of Character Strengths American Psychologist 00 pp. - Haidt J. & Joseph C. Intuitive Ethics How Innately Prepared Intuitions Generate Culturally Variable Virtues Daedalus Special Issue on Human nature 00 pp. - Haidt J. & Kesebir S. Morality In S. T. Fiske D. T. Gilbert & G. Lindzey Eds. Handbook of Social Psychology th Edition Hoboken NJ Wiley 00 pp. 9-8

11 moral hypocrisy Leon Festinger Monin B. & Merritt A. Moral Hypocrisy Moral Inconsistency and the Struggle for Moral Integrity Upcoming in M. Mikulincer & P. Shaver Eds. The Social Psychology of Morality Exploring the Causes of Good and Evil Herzliya Series on Personality and Social Psychology Washington DC American Psychological Association 0 Vol. Batson C. D. Kobrynowicz D. Dinnerstein J. L. Kampf H. C. & Wilson A. D. In a Very Different Voice Unmasking Moral Hypocrisy Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 99 pp. - 8 Batson C. D. Thompson E. R. Seuferling G. Whitney H. & Strongman J. A. Moral Hypocrisy Appearing Moral to Oneself Without Being So Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 999 pp. - Festinger L. & Carlsmith J. M. Cognitive Consequences of Forced Compliance Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 99 8 pp Haidt J. The Emotional Dog and Its Rational Tail A Social Intuitionist Approach to Moral Judgment Psychological Review pp. 8-8 Haidt J. The New Synthesis in Moral Psychology Science 00 pp

12 Greene J. D. Sommerville R. B. Nystrom L. E. Darley J. M. & Cohen J. D. An fmri Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgment Science 00 9 pp Greene J. D. Morelli S. A. Lowenberg K. Nystrom L. E. & Cohen J. D. Cognitive Load Selectively Interferes with Utilitarian Moral Judgment Cognition pp. - 9

13 the new materialism the practice philosophy of pragmatism is the practice philosophy of empirical which takes practice as the core believes the practice core theory and its essence is a kind of idealistic practice philosophy. In the western Marxism Italian marxist Gramsci put forward practice monism and regards it as practice philosophy and believes the practice is the nature of existence world all things. Yugoslavia practice philosophy also known as activism made practice as its start point and core category of philosophy the practice of monism of Gramsci and Yugoslavia practice philosophy is essentially practice core theory and the practice core theory or the practice of monism is difficultly to draw a line with pragmatism philosophy. Structural of Knowledge-Belief in Interactive Epistemology Zhang Jianming From Plato to Descartes Kant and Husserl in epistemology in the relationship on knowledge-belief was discussed. Aumann had proposed interactive epistemology that based on the researchs by Harsanyi and so on which constructed the normative space of knowledge-belief. But Aumann structures are too rigid are essentially static. In recent years the dynamic interactive episteology in the structure of knowledge-belief joined the information update and belief revision the new structure and model answer the epistemological premise in the process of dynamic interactive decision-making among the agents. Between the Anthropology and the History a Case of the History of Reading from Qu Tongzu During 9-9 Jiang Jinshun Besides functionalism during the process of learning anthropology the Wu Wenzao School once paid much attention to the history but soon gave up which affected their writing. Therefore it will be not proper to measure their achievement only by functionalism. So did Qu Tongzu and his book Law and Society in Traditional China. Seeking the combination of the history and the anthropology is the contribution of this book. Unfortunately he gave up this idea soon because of some external influences. Social and Personality Psychological View on Ethical Virtues the Meanings Puzzles and Solutions of Moral Traits Yu Feng Peng Kaiping Han Tingting Bai Yang Chai Fangyuan Virtue ethics is different from normative ethics and it was considered to be less important in modern ethics. We propose that virtues could be viewed as moral traits very much like other personality traits which are intuitive automatic and stable behavioral dispositions and can be revealed when facing special moral contexts. Ethical virtue and ethical norm do not contradict each others instead they correspond to different mental processes. Virtues are linked with unconscious automatic and affective system of intuitive reasoning processing do not require too much efforts or cognitive resources and are based on mental associations. In contrast norms are linked with conscious controlled and evaluative system of systematic reasoning processing do require efforts and cognitive resources and are based on rules and principles. These differences should have profound implications for moral education suggesting different routes for improving ethic and moral standards. The ethic norms and rules can be taught and people s understanding to be the best way of achieving good purposes however ethical virtues can only be trained and people s behaviors are the keys of shaping ethic individuals. Firm Credibility Employee Loyalty and Origins of Corporate Culture in Japan Guan Wenna Commercial credibility concerns reputation based on truthfulness and trustworthiness which derives from recurrent relationships based on honesty equity and promise-keeping among transacting parties. A firm is a for-profit organization. Credibility is conducive to sustaining profitability which hinges on enduring and multidimensional satisfaction of customers with product quality price and service offered by the firm. The factors that contribute to the credibility of a firm employee loyalty is of primary importance. The organizational loyalty demonstrated by Japanese employees is extraordinary in the world. It is closely correlated with the credibility of their companies. Both are shaped by Japan s peculiar historical and cultural traditions. Using the worldwide recall of Toyota s automobiles as the point of departure this article discusses the relationship between firm credibility and employee loyalty in Japan with a view to exploring the origins of the country s corporate culture. This discussion provides the basis for a further examination of the key cultural and organizational characteristics demonstrated by Japanese companies during the transformations in the modern era which stands in sharp contrast with those in the West. An Idealistic Analysis to Postwar French Policy to Germany Chen Huiying Post-second world war France had abandoned its traditional policy hostile to Germany with its moral and strength superiorities and became reconcile to Germany to take as its equal partner. Besides its strength having weakened France had readjusted its policy to Germany because France had self-examined and changed its old ideas basing on international and domestic conditions recognition anew. Ideas had played great influence to French foreign policy. Catastrophes of two world wars and decline of Europe made clear that old international politics based on nationalism and military strength had confined international relations and French interests. France government believed that peace had been assured with cooperation with international organization. 0

语篇中指代词的分布规律与心理机制*

语篇中指代词的分布规律与心理机制* 2005132227~238 Advances in Psychological Science 1 2 1 430079 2 430081 3 PLS B849:C93 1 [1] 45~65 Hofstede [2] Chemers Hofstede [4,5] Chemers idiographic approach [6] nomothetic approach HouseWright [3]