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1 20 70,,,,,, 1962, 1970, (Naval Dockyard), , 2, 1942, (1847) (2) (26), 1850,,,,,, 1860,, 19, 19,,,,,,,, 100

2 , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, :,, :,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, 1999, 21,, (Carl Smith) (D. M. E. Evans) Carol Tan () ,,, D. M. E. Evans,Fearing Verbal Words : Chinese Testaments in British Hong Kong, p. 1 () :,, :, (, 1981 ) 252,, 1980, 238,, 1993, 427, :,

3 2002 4,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, ;,,,,,,,,, ,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,, :,, 1984, 198, ,, 1987,, 438 :,,, 1940, 811 HKRS 144 4Π

4 ,,,,, :,,,, (testamentary act) ( ) : ( ),, ( ) :,,,, :,,, 3d ΠJang She SdΠHong Kong Toon :, Chung Ngan,, : 73,,,, :,,, :,,,?,,,, : 18, 20 D. M. E. Evans,Fearing Verbal Words : Chinese Testaments in British Hong Kong, Carol G. S. Tan, Chinese Wills under the Laws of Hong Kong, (1999) HKLJ, p. 97,, 2000, 763 HKRS C 78Π1939. Carol Tan, 95 HKRS , Carol Tan, 96 Carol Tan, 20 :( ), 103

5 2002 4, Lee Mang, Madcassar [Maccasar?],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,? : Edward Paley,,,,, :,,, (),,,? : :,,,,, ;,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,, :, ;,,,,, ;,,, ;, ;, ;,, Hong Kong Chinese Wills : , Carl T. Smith, A Sense of History : Studies in the Social and Urban His2 HKRS 144 4Π53. Carl T. 104 tory of Hong Kong, pp Smith, 27

6 , :,,!,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,, ;, :,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,!,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :2,, 1993, 1 4 :, :, ;,,,,, ;,,,,, (16) 105

7 2002 4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, :,, 8,,, :, 30 %,, :,,,, :,,, :,,, :,,,,, [ ],,,, 1996, 480, Joe England &John Rear, Industrial Relations and Law in Hong Kong, An Extensively Rewritten Version of Chinese La2 bour Under British Rule, pp D. M. E. Evans,Fearing Verbal Words : Chinese Testaments in British Hong Kong, 2 Carol T. 106 Smith, 15

8 ,,,,,,, ( ),,,,, ( ),,,,,,,, ;,,,,,, :,,, :,,,, (legatees),,,,,,,, (1882) :,,,,,,,, [ ],,,,,,, ;, HKRS 144 4Π238. HKRS 144 4Π3266. ( ( ), 1999 )

9 ;,,,,,,,,, :,,, :,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,, , 1837 ( English Wills Act) 9 HKRS 144 4Π485. HKRS 144 4Π2318. Carol Tan, 117 HKRS , Carol Tan, ,, (Wills Act Amendment Act), Laws of Hong Kong 108 Annotated Series, The Wills Ordinance, Cap. 30, p. 1, General Note

10 , ,,, 1856, 2 ( 3 ) : ( ),,,,,,,,,, :,, 1874, Lee Yee Leung Choong,,,,,,, 1957 Lam Ping2leung :,,,,, 1960,,,,, :,,,,,, (,, 1953 ), 3 Carol Tan, 107, 63, 1, 1953, 260 M. B. Hooker, Legal Pluralism, An Introduction to Colonial and Neo2colonial laws, Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1975, p Carl T. Smith, 4 Carol Tan, 111, Carol Tan, 112 Carol Tan,

11 :,,,,,,,,, 1856,,,, (lex situs),,,, : 3, 3,, 1955,, 3,,,, 3, (Deputy Registrar) 3, 3,, Lam Ping2leung J. R. Oliver,, 3,,3 (Chinese law or usages), 1930,, 1930,,,,,,,, ( Probate Registry),,,, (testamentary :, ( ), 1991, 397 HKRS , Carol Tan, 108 Carol Tan, 108 Carol Tan, 109 Carol Tan, Carol Tan,

12 capacity)?, :,, :, [ ],,,, [ ],,,,, :, (deed) (will),,,,,,,,,,,, 1969 Re Tse Lai2chiu,, 1958,,, Anthony Dicks :,,,,,,,, 1856,, 3 ( 2 ) D. M. E. Evans,Fearing Verbal Words : Chinese Testaments in British Hong Kong, 1 G. Jamieson, Chinese Family and Commercial Law, Hong Kong : Vetch and Lee Limited, 1970, pp Chinese Law and Custom in Hong Kong, the Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1953 (), pp Carol Tan, Re Tse Lai2chiu [ 1969 ] H. K. L. R Re Tse Lai2chiu [1969 ] H. K. L. R

13 , :,,,,, :,, 40,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, :,,,,,, 1970 (Wills Ordinance), 5 (1),, 2, (1), 3, :,, (1), :,, 5 (2) 5 (1),, 5 (2), :, 5 (2) 2, :,,,,, (testamentary capacity),, 5 (2), 3 ; 5 (2) 3 ; , ( ), 1997 D. M. 112, 630 Emrys Evans, The Secret of the Dead or the Dishonest The Twenty2Second Report of the English Law Reform Committee, H. K. L. J. (1982), 292 at 301.

14 , 5 (2),, J. R. Oliver ;,,, 5 (2) 3 : :, , ;,, 5 (2),,,,, 1984,, 5 (2) 1986,, 5 (2),, 5 (2),,,,,,,,, 1995 ( ) 5 (1) :, ; ; ; 5 (1), 5 (2) : 5 (1),,, 5,,, (1) (2), 5,, 1970,, ;,,, : Carol Tan, 120 Annotated Laws of Hong Kong, Wills Ordinance, p. 8, Notes No 56 of 1995 : Wills (Amendment) Ordinance. 113

15 (10) Wills Made by the Chinese in Hong Kong : The Discovery and Their Features Su Yigong 100 A large number of wills drawn up by Hong Kongs Chinese residents were discovered unexpectedly when an old naval dockyard was pulled down in the 1970s. These wills constitute rich data for studying the changes in the traditional Chinese system of inheritance by will in Hong Kong under the British rule. They serve not only as a unique window for observing the social life of the numerically dominant Chinese, but also help delve deeply into the interaction between the traditional Chinese culture and family system and the Western system as represented by the British laws in Hong Kong. By dint of a series of specific comparative studies this paper re2 veals the pronounced traditional Chinese cultural features in these wills. In conformity with the trend of modern testament laws, they attached more emphasis to substance than to form. (11) The Ninth Article of the Japanese Constitution and the Possible Development in the Future Guan Ying Li Long 114 The Constitution of J apan adopted in 1946 should have guided post2war Japan towards peace. However, soon after its promulgation, the confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union came to dominate the international order. As a result, the principle of unarmed neutrality stipulated in the ninth article of the Japanese Constitution was not put into practice and the authority of Constitution was grossly violated. Since the end of the Cold War the ninth article has experienced another crisis. This paper makes a positive analysis of the deviation of the Japanese government from the constitutional principle and discusses the possible develop2 ment of this article. (12) Evolution of the Research Paradigm of Social Policy and Its Enlightenment to Us Yang Tuan 127 The academic discipline of social policy was created in the late 19 th century. By the late 20th century it faced grave challenges because its research paradigm could not answer the question of how to maintain and fur2 ther improve the well2being of mankind against the background of economic globalization. In picking up the gauntlet the discipline has undergone great changes in its perspectives and ways of observing and studying so2 cial issues. An originally non2productive discipline is now changing into a productive one, demonstrating the changes its research paradigms are experiencing. Examining this process, the author comes up with his own views on the construction of this discipline. (13) The Influence of Society upon Individual Behaviors Taking the National Survey of Multi2partner Sexual Behaviors as an Example Pan Suiming 140 An investigation of multi2partner sexual behaviors is the best approach to study the influence of society upon individual behaviors. Based on the national survey of multi2partner sexual behaviors this paper makes a test and a comparative study of the respective interpretative power of five relevant theories. Taking social stra2 ta, the sexual culture of community and the attitude of the individuals toward sex as the main factors of social influence, and the status quo of sexual love and sexual capabilities as references this paper investigates the re2 spective influence of the five factors upon the multi2partner sexual behavior of men and women. The analysis shows that the argument is tenable that the influence of society plays a major role in such behavior. The role of 206

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