L. Carrington Goodrich and Chaoying Fang eds., Dictionary of Ming Biography (New York: Columbia University Pre

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1 失序之抗衡王九思曲作中的兩種歸隱 * 靝一前言駡 * 00 9 b

2 L. Carrington Goodrich and Chaoying Fang eds., Dictionary of Ming Biography (New York: Columbia University Press, 9) vol., pp

, Dictionary of Ming Biography 1368-1644 (New York:

3 a qu community Qu Writing in Literati Communities: Rediscovering Sanqu Songs and Drama in Sixteenth-Century North China, Ph.D. Dissertation (Harvard University, 2006), Chapter 2, pp The Wolf of Zhongshan and Ingrates: Problematic Literary Contexts in Sixteenth-Century China, Asia Major Third Series 20.1 (2007):

4 二自樂在林泉住王九思散曲中的歸興峯峯 Douglas Keith Wilkerson, Shih and Historical Consciousness in Ming Drama, Ph.D. Dissertation (Yale University, 1992), Chapter 2, pp Qu Writing in Literati Communities: Rediscovering Sanqu Songs and Drama in Sixteenth-Century North China, passim. 18?

ama, Ph.D. Dissertation (Yale University, 1992), Chapter 2, pp. 93-125.

5 壠 a a-a

6 戲劇研究第三期暮雨朝霞粧點出輞川畫與上一首帶過曲歸興不同此套曲呈現的是王九思歸隱生活的另一個階段我們看到的不再是王九思回到故鄉時最初的一個場景或一個時刻套曲中所表現的似乎是一位歸田已有一段日子並且已漸漸適應其歸隱生活的文人王九思不僅重申歸田的喜悅之情也為我們描繪了一幅恬淡閒適的田園生活圖這正為他提供了一個遠離官場的避風港如他在第二支曲中所闡明駐馬聽暗想東華五夜清霜寒控馬尋思別駕滿廰殘月曉排衙路危常與虎狼狎命乖卻被兒童罵 24 到如今誰管咱葫蘆提一任閑頑耍在第四支曲中王九思更進一步形容其逍遙的生活折桂令問先生有甚生涯賞月登樓遇酒簪花皓齒朱唇輕歌妙舞越女秦娃 25 不索問高車駟馬也休提白雪黄芽春雨桑麻秋水魚蝦 26 痛飲是前程爛醉是生涯王九思在曲中賦予自己一個新的形象留戀歌舞的逍遙醉客貶謫罷官意味著前程已毀但王九思為自己重新建立起新的生命秩序疾呼痛飲是前程爛醉是生涯在他的其他散曲中也可常見類似句子如日日啣盃也不妨任從他 27 唤我做顛狂等在另一首小令中他又自命為盛世閑人物王九思在罷官後自稱為狂人在這裡可略見一二肯定閒適生活的另一面即對功名富貴的否定如第五第六支曲所述雁兒落王九思歸興謝伯陽編全明散曲頁940 同前註白雪黄芽都是與煉丹有關的道家術語王九思歸興謝伯陽編全明散曲頁940 王九思次對山飲中之作四首之二謝伯陽編全明散曲頁王九思病起作二首之二謝伯陽編全明散曲頁 -54-

秋水魚蝦 26 痛飲是前程爛醉是生涯王九思在曲中賦予自己一個新的形象留戀歌舞的逍遙醉客貶謫罷官意味著前程已毀但王九思為自己重新建立起新的生命秩序疾呼痛飲是前程爛醉是生涯在他的其他散曲中也可常見類似句子如日日啣盃也不妨任從他 27 唤我做顛狂等在另一首小令中他又自命為盛世閑人物王九思在罷官後自稱為狂人

7 着黄着

8 James I. Crump 4 Crump imaginary withdrawal James I. Crump, Songs from Xanadu: Studies in Mongol-Dynasty Song Poetry (San-ch ü) (Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, the University of Michigan Press, 1983), p Crump, Songs from Xanadu, p

Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, the University of Michigan Press, 1983), p.

9 Xinda Lian Xinda Lian, Qu Poetry, in Zong-qi Cai, ed., How to Read Chinese Poetry: A Guided Anthology (New York: Columbia University Press, 2008), p

11 三不如咱急流中歸去勇雜劇杜子美沽酒遊春記中理想化的歸隱舘

12 ?- 54 b 沢 a

13 59 袴 0 闘邨 a-b 4b

14 a-b 40-4 会 Wilt L. Idema, Banished to Yelang: Li Taibai Putting on a Performance,

15 a 4 71 b 4-63-

16 a-0a a-0b

17 啓 b-a a 9 81 Wilkerson Douglas Wilkerson, Shih and Historical Consciousness in Ming Drama, pp a a b b

18 b b 9 88 a 9b 0 89 a-b a b

20 四結語

22 失序之抗衡王九思曲作中的兩種歸隱靝 4- 關鍵詞 : 王九思明中葉散曲戲曲歸隱 -70-

23 Contending with Displacement Two Forms of Retirement in Wang Jiusi s Songs and Drama Tian Yuan TAN After his official career imploded, Wang Jiusi ( ) participated actively in qu writing and later became one of the major qu writers in the mid Ming. Focusing on his qu writings, including both sanqu and drama, this paper explores how Wang Jiusi coped with his displacement from the political and cultural center through his literary pursuits. Retirement is a major theme in Wang Jiusi s qu writings. Wang s representation of retirement shows distinct characteristics from the Yuan and Ming sanqu and drama on the same theme. Furthermore, his sanqu and drama also depict two different forms of retirement respectively. In his sanqu, Wang celebrated the joy of retirement, but he could only do so in the capacity of a dismissed official. The triumph of the world of withdrawal and retirement over the world of chaos and power politics is only achieved after Wang had already been rejected from his official career. In his drama Gujiu youchun, by contrast, instead of being dismissed, Du Fu was promoted to the post of Hanlin Academician. In the fictional world of the drama, Du Fu eventually chooses to retire, a power that neither he nor Wang Jiusi enjoyed in reality. The fictional form of drama has situated the protagonist and the author in a more powerful and subversive position with full control of their own destinies, and has created a more fully ideal path to retirement. Keywords: Wang Jiusi mid Ming sanqu drama retirement -71-

24 徵引書目沢會

25 靝 Crump, James I. Songs from Xanadu: Studies in Mongl-Dynasty Song Poetry (San-ch ü). Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, the University of Michigan Press, Goodrich, L. Carrington and Chaoying Fang, eds. Dictionary of Ming Biography New York: Columbia University Press, Idema, Wilt L. Banished to Yelang: Li Taibai Putting on a Performance Lian, Xinda. Qu Poetry. in How to Read Chinese Poetry: A Guided Anthology, ed. Zong-qi Cai. -73-

26 New York: Columbia University Press, Tan, Tian Yuan 靝. Qu Writing in Literati Communities: Rediscovering Sanqu Songs and Drama in Sixteenth-Century North China. Ph.D. Dissertation, Harvard University, The Wolf of Zhongshan and Ingrates: Problematic Literary Contexts in Sixteenth- Century China. Asia Major. Third Series, 20.1 (2007): Wilkerson, Douglas Keith. Shih and Historical Consciousness in Ming Drama. Ph.D. Dissertation. Yale University,

58 劉勇 -!-l-...! 刷品一明代前期的羅旁動亂與應對方略二李材大征之議三隆慶萬曆之際朝廷的主剿態度四大征與善後五文獻證據與歷史記憶前言羅旁位於廣東西江南岸,

58 劉勇 -!-l-...! 刷品一明代前期的羅旁動亂與應對方略二李材大征之議三隆慶萬曆之際朝廷的主剿態度四大征與善後五文獻證據與歷史記憶前言羅旁位於廣東西江南岸, BIBLIDl 012-8514(2007)40p.57-91 臺大歷史學報第 40 期 2007 年 12 月, 頁 57-91 2007.7.23 收稿, 2007.1 1. 8 通過刊登李材與萬曆四年 (1576) 大征羅旁之役劉勇提要明代羅旁瑤區, 地處廣東西江南岸, 控扼著作為兩廣交通咽喉的