國家圖書館典藏電子全文

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1 (Wen-Ta. et al, 2001) 2, ,305 51,712 53,768 ( 2, ,378 53,522 1, ,

2 (Plate tectonics) (

3 recovery time - 3 -

4 (Leor J. et al, 1996)

5 - 5 -

6 1980 ( Tanida (Tanida N, 1996) Armenian 1997 (Armenian HK. et al, 1997) (Peek-Asa C. et al, 1998) 921 2, % 27.2% 15.7% 8.9% 6.6% - 6 -

7 5.0% (, 90 ) Leor 1996 (Leor J. et al, 1996) 1999 (Community Needs Assessment and Morbidity Surveillance Following an Earthquake-Turkey, 1999) % 12% 8% 5% 5% (, 90 ) 1992 Trevisan 607 (Trevisan M. et al, 1992) 1998 Armenia 35,

8 483 (Armenian HK. et al, 1998) 2000 (, 89 ) 32% 14.7% 26.6% (acute stress syndrome) (post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD) (, 89 ) PTSD % - 8 -

9 PTSD(Sharan P. et al, 1996) % (Lima B R. et al, 1987) % 13.1%(Naotaka. et al, 2000) PTSD 60%-70% PTSD ( re-experiencing the traumatic event) 50%-60% PTSD ( increasing arousal)(, 88 ) ( ) 35.7% (1) - 9 -

10 (P<0.05) (2) (P<0.01) (3) (P<0.001)(, 89 )

11 Kirizuka Hanshin-Awaji 177 HbA(1c) HbA(1c) 7.74±1.82% vs 8.34±2.07% P<

12 (Kirizuka K. et al, 1997) Inui 1998 Hanshin-Awaji Kobe ( 7.2) 157 Osaka ( 4.2) 277 HbA(1c) Kobe Osaka Kobe (Inui A. et al,1998) (Takakura R.et al, 1997)

13 Logue (Logue JN. et al, 1996) (Pickering TG, 2001) 1995 Hanshin-Awaji 1997 Minami KM 11mmHg P<0.01 6mmHg P< KM (Minami J. et al, 1997) 1997 Saito 6.7 mmhg 1.6 mmhg P<0.001 (Saito

14 K. et al, 1997) 1986 Katsouyanni Thessaloniki (Katsouyanni K. et al, 1986) 2 (serum cholesterol) (triglycerides) (Kario K. et al, 1998) ( 7 )( Katsouyanni K. et al, 1986) (Leor J. et al, 1996) Hanshin-Awaji 4 (acute myocardial infarction, AMI) (Suzuki S. et al, 1997) 8 (Ogawa K. et

15 al, 2000) (Brown DL, 1999) D-dimer (Matsuo T. et al, 1998) 4 6 (Logue JN.et al, 1980; Kario K. et al, 1998) % 4700%( Saenz R.et al, 1995) Kocaeli

16 (1468 ) 4.9% 0.48% 92%(Vahaboglu H. et al, 2000) 1989 (Busch MP. et al, 1991) ( )

17 ICD-9-CM A-code

18 recovering time pre-earthquake stage 23 recovering stage post-earthquake stage post-earthquake stage pre-earthquake stage stage

19 5,147,820 4,324,886 4,039,277 4,039, , ,116 13,465 12, Stage 0,0 1,0 0,1-19 -

20 UNIX ORACLE Windows2000 SAS 8.02 ORACLE SAS8.02 SAS ODBC Driver ODBC SAS SAS ODBC Driver Windows2000 ODBC Windows SQL Server 2000 Windows SQL Server 2000 ORACLE SQL Server

21 ( ) ( ) ( 150GB) SQL Server 2000 [ ] ORACLE, SQL Server Poisson Regression ij 0 1 sex i 2 age i 31 stage1 j 32 stage2 j i stage j rate ij sex i age i stage1 j stage2 j stage dummy variable coding stage1 j stage2 j 0,0 stage1 j stage2 j 1,0 stage1 j stage2 j 0,1 2. GEE generalized estimating equation method

22 SAS 8.2 PROC GENMOD GEE link function dependence structure mdep 2 3. Bootstrapping resampling GEE GEE Regression GEE Regression 25 βˆ1 25 β 1 βˆ1 1, βˆ1 2,, βˆ1 25 βˆ1 1/25 βˆ1 1 βˆ1 2 βˆ1 25 Standard Error Ŝˆ1 1, Ŝˆ1 2,, Ŝˆ1 25 Ŝ 1 1/25 Ŝˆ1 1 Ŝˆ1 2 Ŝˆ1 25 1/10 Z βˆ1/ Ŝ 1 βˆ2, βˆ31, βˆ32, ( )

23 4,039,277 81, ,933 74,

24 110 5, , ICD-9-CM A-code

25 435, , % , % , % , % , % % 48.31%( ) 380,116 3,659,161 1,281, % ,225, % , %

26 313, % % 49.4%( ) 13, % , % , % , % , % , % , % 65 1, % , % 6, % 8, % 36 4, % % ( ) 1,009 12,

27 37 pre-earthquake stage ( ) recovering stage post-earthquake stage recovering stage +16% +11% +9%

28 +7% +5% ( ) +3% -43% -28% -24% -14% -12% post-earthquake stage +62% +56% +33% +31% +26% +25% ( ) +17% +16% -73% -63% -58% -28% -19% -18% -15%

29 20% 10%-19% 9% 20%

30 pre-earthquake stage recovering stage post-earthquake stage post-earthquake stage 57% ( ) 12% 17% 79% 67% 53% 42% ( ) 30% 35%

31 -50% 139% 168% 126% 150% 36% 72% recovering stage 47% post-earthquake stage 150% post-earthquake stage 81% 79%

32 182% 153% 131% 90% 53%

33 - 33 -

34 recovering time stage pre-earthquake stage recovering stage post-earthquake stage / / 0 e / 0 / e

35 3 2/ / 0 e / 0 / e (P ) 21.00% 5.64%

36 recovering stage (, 89 )

37 -- (, 89 ) 32% 14.7% 26.6% post-earthquake stage ( )

38 150% 81% 79% 50% 79% 67% 53% ( ) 30% 42% 46% 182% -14% -22% -24% -10%

39 3 A 88 B 87 4 A B

40 post-earthquake stage +62% +56% +30% 20%

41 81% 79% ( ) 50% 53%

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43 myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1996; 77: Logue JN, Hansen H. A case-control study of hypertensive women in a post-disaster community: Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania. J Human Stress 1980; 6: Matsuo T, Suzuki S, Kodama K, et al. Hemostatic activation and cardiac events after the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji earthquake. Int J Hematol 1998; 67: Minami J, Kawano Y, Ishimitsu T, et al. Effect of the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake on home blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1997; 10: Naotaka Shinfuku Dept.of Medical Informatics College of Medical National Taiwan University Ogawa K, Tsuji I, Shiono K, et al. Increased acute myocardial infarction mortality following the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake in Japan. Int J Epidemiol 2000; 29: Peek-Asa C, Kraus JF, Bourque LB, et al. Fatal and hospitalized injuries resulting from the 1994 Northridge earthquake. Int J Epidemiol 1998; 27: Pickering TG. Mental stress as a causal factor in the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Curr Hypertens Rep 2001; 3: Saito K, Kim JI, Maekawa K, et al. The great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake aggravates blood pressure control in treated hypertensive patients. Am J Hypertens 1997; 10: Sharan P, Chaudhary G, Kavathekar S, et al. Preliminary report of psychiatric disorders in survivors of severe earthquake. Am J Psychia 1996; 153: Suzuki S, Sakamoto S, Koide M, et al. Hanshin-Awaji earthquake as a trigger for acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 1997; 134: Saenz R. Bissell RA. Paniagua F. Post-disaster malaria in Costa Rica. Prehospital Disaster Med 1995; 10: Tanida N. What happened to elderly people in the great Hanshin earthquake. BMJ 1996; 313: Takakura R, Himeno S, kanayama Y, et al. Follow-up after the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake: diverse influences on pneumonia, bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer and diabetes mellitus. Intern Med

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