Wonderwater on the water footprint Jane Withers, Curator 幻水餐吧与水足迹文 / Jane Withers 项目策划人 Wonderwater at Tian Hai is a pop-up event explorin

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1 你每天吃掉多少水? how much water do you eat? 幻水餐吧与水足迹 Wonderwater on the water footprint

2 Wonderwater on the water footprint Jane Withers, Curator 幻水餐吧与水足迹文 / Jane Withers 项目策划人 Wonderwater at Tian Hai is a pop-up event exploring the relationship between food and water consumption. Designed to raise awareness of the water footprint, it aims to make us think about the impact of what we eat on local and global water use. The water footprint is a new but increasingly important tool for understanding our water consumption and using water responsibly and sustainably. The idea is similar to the carbon footprint, but with a focus on the use of water. We use large amounts of domestic water for washing, drinking and cooking, but considerably more water for producing food, paper, cotton and almost every other physical product we consume. In China, the daily domestic water use per person is 129 litres, while the total daily water footprint, including water used in the production of food and products consumed, amounts to 2,934 litres per person. Agriculture accounts for a massive 92% of the global water footprint. So diet is by far the biggest slice of an individual s footprint. The menu has been modified to illustrate the water footprint of popular Tian Hai dishes representing a range of water footprints: beef (high), pork (high-medium), chicken (medium), seafood (low if it s not farmed) and vegetables (low), as well as such staples as rice, beer and tea. Will diners choose a meat dish with an astronomically high water footprint, or a vegetable dish made of local seasonal produce with much lower footprint? Armed with the right information, we can begin to understand the global flows of water in food production and select the rice, meat, vegetable or tea that has a relatively low water footprint, or that has its footprint in a region of the world that doesn t have high water scarcity. With a growing global population and international concern over food security, it s time to think more about the water used in bringing food to our plates. Wonderwater at Tian Hai is a prelude to Wonderwater in Helsinki 2012, an all-year project on water and design for a sustainable future for the World Design Capital Helsinki 天海幻水餐吧是一个旨在探索食物与水资源消耗量之间关系的临时性活动这项活动旨在提升人们对水足迹的关注程度, 并引导社会为饮食习惯对国内以及全球水资源的影响展开深入的思考与讨论水足迹是一种全新的概念, 它在提高全社会对水资源重要性的认识促进公民节约用水意识保护水资源可持续使用等诸多方面功不可没水足迹的概念和碳足迹类似, 但更强调水的使用我们固然使用了大量水资源从事洗衣做饭饮用等活动, 然而种植粮食蔬菜棉花造纸以及生产我们生活中要使用的几乎所有产品所消耗的水资源比家庭用水要多得多中国的人均家庭用水量是每天 129 升, 然而如果考虑到食物的生产餐具以及周边产品的消耗, 人均的水足迹则为每天 2934 升农业用水占据了全球水足迹总量的 92%, 因此饮食中包含的水足迹占到了每个人消费的水足迹总量中的最大一部分天海幻水餐吧的菜单对不同原材料水足迹使用的高低程度进行了注释 : 牛肉 ( 高 ), 猪肉 ( 中高 ), 鸡肉 ( 中 ), 海鲜 ( 低, 如果不是人工养殖的 ), 蔬菜 ( 低 ) 以及各种主食, 饮料等等食客们会选择消耗更多水资源的荤菜, 还是会点来自于本地, 消耗非常少的水资源的素菜呢? 有了正确的数据和信息, 我们就可以开始了解通过食物生产分销和最终消费进行的国际水足迹转移在点餐的时候, 我们可以选择那些消耗水资源更少的主食, 肉类, 蔬菜, 饮料, 或者选择生产于水资源相对丰富的地区的食材做成的菜肴随着全球人口的日益增加以及对食品安全的关注日益提高, 是时候花更多的时间思考一下每一盘菜的背后用了多少珍贵的水资源了天海幻水餐吧是即将于 2012 年在赫尔辛基展开的幻水项目的试点幻水项目为期一年, 是一项旨在关注水资源与设计打造可持续性发展的未来的实验性课题本项目是对 2012 年世界设计之都赫尔辛基的献礼

3 什么是水足迹? What is the water footprint? The water footprint of an individual is the total water used for the production of the goods and services consumed by the individual and it can roughly be divided into three parts: food, consumption products and domestic water use. In China the daily domestic water use is 129 litres per person while the total daily water footprint amounts to 2,934 litres per person. Generally, agriculture and food production account for about 92% of the global water footprint, as well as China s national water footprint. So what we eat really does matter! 人均每日用水 Daily water use per capita: CHINA 中国 GLOBAL AVERAGE 世界平均水平个人的水足迹是指在生产该个人消费的商品和服务中包含的水资源总量个人水足迹可以大致分为三部分 : 食品消费产品和家庭用水中国的人均家庭用水是每天 129 升, 人均的水足迹总量是每天 2,934 升总而言之, 与中国国内农业和食品生产所占的水足迹百分比情况相当, 全球农业和食品生产的水足迹也占到了水足迹总量的 92% 因此, 我们每天吃什么真的很关键! 家庭用水 Domestic water use 水足迹总量 Total water footprint 个人水足迹可以分为三个部分 : Water footprint of an individual can roughly be divided into three parts: 食物 FOOD 92% 水足迹高是不是一件坏事? Is a high water footprint BAD? It is not that simple; a product with a small water footprint transported from far away may look good but it can actually have a huge carbon footprint. It also matters where the product is produced. A product with a small water footprint produced in a water-scarce area may have a large social and ecological impact, while a product with a large water footprint produced in a water-rich area might not have a large impact. So where you leave your footprint matters. 4.5% 3.5% 消费产品 CONSUMER PRODUCTS 家庭用水 DOMESTIC WATER USE 这并不像大家想象的那样简单经过长途运输, 然而本身水足迹很低的产品听上去不错, 但是它其实产生了很高的碳足迹同样, 产地也很重要在水资源稀缺的国家和地区, 即使产品本身的水足迹总量很低, 也会带来巨大的社会和生态影响同时在水资源相对丰富的国家和地区, 即使生产水足迹总量很高的产品, 也不会带来太大的影响因此问题的关键是在哪里留下你的水足迹家庭用水 129 升 Domestic water use: 总用水量 2,934 升 Total water footprint: 家庭用水 152 升 Domestic water use: 129 L 152 L 总用水量 3,795 升 Total water footprint: 2,934 L 3,795 L 越来越少 Less and less More than 1/3 of the world s population is living in water-scarce areas. The situation is getting worse with rapid growth in population and water consumption. Climate change may also worsen the situation in many parts of the world. 全世界有超过 1/3 的人口生活在水资源稀缺的地区随着人口的急剧增长和水资源消耗的日益增加, 情况还在不断的恶化中环境变化也让不少国家和地区的局面日趋恶化

4 每道菜的水足迹 Water footprint of all dishes 挂炉烤鸭 Hang a heat of roast duck 7,412 L 挂炉烤鸭 Hang a heat of roast duck 607 L 芥末墩儿 Chinese cabbage with mustard 6,087 L 卤煮火烧 Meat stew with baked wheat cake 651 L 巧拌木耳 Black fungus with cucumber and vermicelli 2,040 L 红烧鸡块 Braise in soy sauce the chicken piece 589 L 西红柿鸡蛋汤 Persimmon egg soup 豆汁焦圈 Fermented bean soup and deep fried rings 1,529 L 香炒小河虾 The joss-stick fries the brook shrimp 1,617 L 黄鱼贴饼子 Yellow fish pasted clay oven rolls 5,089 L 水煮肉片 Poached pork slices in chili water 3,494 L 1,811 L 家常豆腐 Domestic life bean curd 897 L 拔丝香蕉 Candied banana 三鲜日本豆腐 Seafood tofu 3,950 L 干煸牛肉丝 The stem burns the cow shredded meat 6,949 在北京郊区喂养烤鸭专 litres for 用的填鸭 raising and fattening a duck from suburbs of Beijing 166 种植生产面饼的原材料小麦 wheat for pancakes 137 生产甜面酱 litres for sweet bean sauce* * 甜面酱的原材料包括面粉糖盐馒头和黄豆 *sweet bean sauce is made from wheat flour, sugar, salt, mantou, and fermented yellow soya beans 40 Most of this water is used to grow the feed for a farmed duck which requires intensive irrigation. 120 生产食用油 litres for oil 生产小葱大葱和黄瓜 spring onions, Welsh onions* and cucumber * 大葱产自山东省 *Welsh onion is especially supplied from Shandong Province 大部分的水用于种植鸭饲料时所需进行的密集灌溉 7,412 本菜可供 2 人食用 Dish is for two people.

5 黄鱼贴饼子 Yellow fish pasted clay oven rolls 卤煮火烧 Meat stew with baked wheat cake 750 在山东省附近养殖小黄鱼 litres for raising small yellow croakers around Shandong Province 482 种植向日葵以得到葵花籽油 sunflowers for sunflower oil 29 Some people might think that water footprint for fish is zero but actually nowadays an increasing proportion of fish is farmed and it consumes a lot of water ,617 种植贴饼子的原料 : 玉米 corn for maize powder 生产大料姜大葱醋和料酒 litres for star anise, ginger, Welsh onion, vinegar and cooking wine 有些人也许认为养鱼的水足迹会是零, 但实际上现在有越来越多的人食用养殖鱼, 消耗了大量的水资源 4,414 喂养肉猪以获得猪皮 litres for 猪肠和猪肺 raising pigs for pork skin, pork intestine and lung 1,012 生产制作豆腐所需的黄豆 soya beans for bean curd 种植生产面饼的原 litres for 材料 : 小麦 growing wheat for pancakes 140 作辣椒油 litres for chili oil 种植花椒大料和辣椒 Szechuan pepper, aniseed and chili 6,087

6 豆汁焦圈 Fermented bean soup and deep fried rings 芥末墩儿 Chinese cabbage with mustard 198 种植绿豆 mung beans 将小麦制成面粉并炸制成焦圈 litres for wheat to make deep fried rings 作盐和酵母 litres for salt and yeast 种植向日葵以得到葵花籽油 litres to growing sunflowers for sunflower oil 腌制泡菜所使用的萝卜 litres for radish to make pickles 种植香油的原材料 : 芝麻 sesame seeds for sesame oil 种植黄芥末的来源 : 芥末种子 mustard seeds for yellow mustard 18 种植白糖的原材料 : 甘蔗 sugar cane to produce sugar 种植大白菜 Chinese cabbage 生产白醋和糖 litres for white vinegar and salt Beans are an excellent protein source with a relatively small water footprint compared to meat. 同肉类相比, 豆类是更好的蛋白质来源, 且具有更低的水足迹 VEG OR MEAT? USA style red meat intensive diet = 5,000 litres per day Vegetarian diet = 2,600 litres per day Survival diet = 1,000 litres per day 素菜还是荤菜? 含大量红肉的美式饮食 : 每天 5000 升水素食主义者饮食 : 每天 2600 升水维持生命的饮食 : 每天 1000 升水 331 升水用制作于这道菜肴 607 升水用制作于这道菜肴

7 巧拌木耳 Black fungus with cucumber and vermicelli 三鲜日本豆腐 Seafood tofu 种植黑木耳 black fungus 140 生产食用油 litres for salad oil 50 种植生产挂面所需的原材料 : 水稻 rice for vermicelli 20 生产大葱辣椒大蒜白醋和鸡精 litres for producing Welsh onion, chili, garlic, white vinegar and chicken essence 种植黄瓜 litres for cucumber 1,012 制作豆腐 litres for making bean curd 200 养殖鱿鱼 litres for squid 200 养殖螃蟹以及种植小麦 litres for 以制作蟹肉棒 crab and growing wheat for crab sticks 200 养殖对虾 litres for raising shrimps 种植向日葵以得到葵花籽油 sunflowers for sunflower oil 生产青椒胡萝卜小葱和香菜 litres for green paprika, carrots, spring onion and coriander 生产糖和盐 litres for sugar and salt 651 1,811

8 家常豆腐 Domestic life bean curd 水煮肉片 Poached pork slices in chili water 1,641 种植大豆以生产豆腐 litres for 豆瓣酱和酱油 growing soya beans for bean curd, broad bean sauce and soya sauce 1,061 养殖肉牛以生产牛肉汤 litres for raising cattle used to make beef soup 300 种植蘑菇 mushrooms 种植豆瓣酱的另一种原 litres for 材料 : 水稻 growing rice for broad bean sauce 生产炸豆腐制作酱油所需 litres for 的葵花籽油 sunflower oil for soya sauce and to fry the tofu 生产料酒盐醋洋葱生姜 litres for 大蒜五香粉和淀粉 cooking wine, salt, vinegar, spring onion, ginger, garlic, various spices and starch 3,291 升水用于养猪 litres for raising pigs 710 种植大豆及发酵蚕豆 soya beans and fermented broad beans 600 生产肉汤 litres for meat soup 148 种植水稻 litres for rice 生产白糖 litres for sugar 种植大白菜和大蒜 litres for Chinese cabbage and Welsh onion 种植向日葵以生产葵花籽油 sunflowers for sunflower oil 96 生产盐五香粉料酒淀粉花椒 litres for 辣椒大蒜姜和鸡精 salt, various spices, cooking wine, starch, chillies, Szechuan pepper, garlic, ginger and chicken essence The water footprint of pork is roughly a third of beef. 猪肉的水足迹差不多是牛肉的三分之一 3,494 5,089

9 红烧鸡块 Braise in soy sauce the chicken piece 干煸牛肉丝 The stem burns the cow shredded meat 1,544 养殖肉鸡 litres for raising chickens 301 生产食用油 litres for vegetable oil 101 生产白糖 sugar cane to produce sugar 25 The water footprint of poultry is among the lowest for meat as it takes a much shorter period to raise the bird and requires much less crop feed. 69 2,040 种植大豆以制作酱油和甜面酱 beans for soy sauce and sweet bean sauce 生产大葱生姜料酒五香粉和盐 litres for Welsh onion, ginger, cooking wine, spiced powder and salt 家禽类是肉类中水足迹最低的, 因为饲养的周期非常短, 并且只需要很少的农作物来饲养 2,738 养殖肉牛 litres for raising cattle 607 种植生产大豆以制造酱 litres for 油和甜面酱 growing soya beans for broad bean sauce and soya sauce 181 生产食用油 sunflowers for sunflower oil 106 种植芝麻以生产香油 sesame seeds 种植水稻 rice for broad bean sauce 种植红辣椒和芹菜 red paprika and celery 125 Beef generally has the highest water footprint among meats. 生产料酒香菜辣椒姜大蒜花椒 litres for 五香粉鸡精糖和盐 cooking wine, coriander, chillies, ginger, garlic, Szechuan pepper, various spices, chicken essence, sugar and salt 3,950 总的来说, 牛肉是水足迹最高的肉类

10 香炒小河虾 The joss-stick fries the brook shrimp 拔丝香蕉 Candied banana 1, 在北京郊区的农场养殖河虾 litres for raising river shrimps in farms near Beijing 养殖母鸡以得到鸡蛋 litres for raising hens for eggs 种植小麦以得到面粉 wheat for flour 生产料酒盐白胡椒 litres for 大葱姜和淀粉 cooking wine, salt, white pepper, Welsh onion, ginger and starch 253 种植产出蔗糖的甘蔗 sugar cane for sugar 186 养殖母鸡以得到鸡蛋 litres for raising hens for eggs 168 生产淀粉 litres for starch 种植向日葵以得到葵花籽油 sunflowers for sunflower oil 种植香蕉 bananas 种植小麦以得到面粉 wheat for flour 1,529 The water footprint for 1 kg of sugar is 1,500 litres. Sugar cane consumes about 220 billion m3 of water annually, which is 3.4 % of the global water use for crop production. 897 一公斤食糖的水足迹是 1,500 升每年全球种植甘蔗需消费约 2,200 亿水资源, 占全球农作物生产用水的 3.4%

11 西红柿鸡蛋汤 Persimmon egg soup 370 生产由虾皮海带姜盐 litres for 和香油制成的调料 seasoning made of dried shrimp, seaweed, ginger, salt, and sesame oil 186 养殖母鸡以得到鸡蛋 litres for raising hens for eggs 种植西红柿 tomatoes 生产大葱和白胡椒 litres for Welsh onion and white pepper 米饭 Rice 种植克米饭 litres for 100g of rice 水 Water 0.5 升水得到 200 毫升的自来水 litres for 200ml of tap water 升水得到 200 毫 0.5 升的白开水 litres for 200ml of boiled water 升水得到毫升的瓶装水 litres for 200ml of bottled water 茶 Tea 35 生产 3 克绿茶 / 菊花茶 / 花茶 litres for 3g of green / chrysanthemum / flower tea 的到 4 3 克大麦茶 litres for barley tea The world s rice fields consume about 1,350 billion m3 of water annually, which is 21% of the global water use for crop production. 饮料 Beverages Water footprint of tap water and bottled water is roughly the same, while the carbon footprint of bottled water is much higher than tap water. Altogether, the world population requires about 30 billion m3 of water per year in order to drink tea. But as most tea is produced in rain-fed areas, this mainly refers to rain water use. 全球每年种植大米需要消耗 13,500 亿立方米的水, 占用于全球作物生产水资源的 21% 自来水与瓶装水的水足迹几乎相同, 但瓶装水的碳足迹要远远高于自来水总之, 世界人口每年要喝的茶需要 300 亿立方米的水但大多数茶产于旱作区, 这里主要指的是雨水利用 589 啤酒 Beer 52 升水得到 330 毫升的青岛 / 燕京啤酒 litres for 330ml of Qingdao / Yanjing beer 升水得到 500 毫升的 78 青岛 / 燕京啤酒 litres for 500ml of Qingdao / Yanjing beer Most of the water for beer is used for producing the barley. 制作啤酒需要的大部分水被用于生产大麦资料参考 : References:

12 幻水 Wonderwater 幻水计划在世界各地进行项目开发, 旨在提升社会对全球水资源与设计可持续发展的未来的关注程度幻水正为 2012 年的世界设计之都赫尔辛基执行一系列的活动方案 Wonderwater develops projects around the world aimed at raising awareness of global water issues and design for a sustainable future. Wonderwater is running a programme of events for World Design Capital Helsinki 幻水由 Jane Withers 女士和 Kari Korkman 先生共同策划, 并由阿尔托大学精心打造, 是对 2012 年世界设计之都赫尔辛基的献礼作品 Wonderwater is curated by Jane Withers and Kari Korkman. Wonderwater at Tian Hai is produced by Aalto University for World Design Capital Helsinki 更多有关幻水的信息, 请联系 : info@wonderwater.fi For further information about Wonderwater, please contact info@wonderwater.fi 北京国际设计周 Beijing Design Week 感谢我们慷慨的东道主天海餐厅的贾勇先生 With thanks to our generous host, Mr Jia Yong of Tian Hai. 合作伙伴 Partners 2012 赫尔辛基世界设计首都 World Design Capital Helsinki 年, 赫尔辛基将成为世界设计之都我们希望能够启发一些关于如何利用设计使生活变得更美好便捷和实用的对话欢迎来赫尔辛基或者通过网络参与其中 In 2012, Helsinki will be World Design Capital. We want to inspire dialogue on how design can be used to make life better, easier and more functional. Welcome to Helsinki or join us online! wdchelsinki2012.fi 阿尔托大学 Aalto University 阿尔托大学是一所具有芬兰特色的国际性大学她将科学与艺术技术与经济结合在一起阿尔托大学致力于促进人与环境的共荣, 并支持通过科研与教育对芬兰社会进行积极的发展 Aalto University is an international university building on Finnish expertise. It brings together science and art, technology and economy. Aalto University promotes the well-being of people and the environment and supports positive development in Finnish society through research and education. 芬兰设计论坛 Design Forum Finland 芬兰设计论坛是芬兰设计的推广组织其目的是增强设计部门促进国内和国际设计密集型企业其活动包括设计展览出版物设计类奖项竞赛媒体推广和销售服务等 Design Forum Finland is the promotion organization of Finnish design. Its aim is to enhance the design sector and to promote design intensive businesses both nationally and internationally. Its activities include design exhibitions, publications, design prizes and competitions, and media and sales promotion services, among others. 赫尔辛基设计周 Helsinki Design Week 赫尔辛基设计周的使命是鼓励企业往新的方向发展他们的业务, 为赫尔辛基在各个领域的改进做出贡献, 并在规模上更加国际化 The mission of Helsinki Design Week is to contribute to improvements in various areas of Helsinki and to encourage companies to develop their business in new directions and to become more international in scope. 水资源与发展研究小组 Water and Development Research Group 水资源与发展研究小组旨在以全面的视角去看待水资源与发展的内部关联小组的研究建立在多学科交叉的基础上, 并与芬兰国内外的大学和研究机构保持着紧密的合作关系 Water and Development Research Group seeks to look at the interconnections between water and development with a comprehensive view.the group s research builds on multi- and cross-disciplinarity and on close cooperation with other universities and research institutes both in Finland and abroad. 芬兰驻北京大使馆 Embassy of Finland in Beijing Water & Development Research Group 芬兰驻北京大使馆是芬兰九十九个驻外机构之一芬兰外交部, 包括芬兰驻北京大使馆的战略目标, 都是展现一个在国际社会上有影响力的国家一个安全而公平的国家一个成功的芬兰 Embassy of Finland in Beijing is one of the 99 diplomatic missions of Finland abroad. The strategic goals of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, incl. the Embassy in Beijing are an influential Finland in the international community. and

13 天海餐厅 ( 京味贾家 ) 北京市西城区大栅栏西街 37 号营业时间 : 每天早 9:30 到晚 9:30 Tian Hai Restaurant No. 37, Dazhalan Xijie Xichengqu, Beijing Opening hours: 9:30 am to 9:30 pm (daily)

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Instant Fried Rice & Noodles 即叫即製粉麵飯 Chinese Rice with Sauce change to Noodles 中式燴飯轉粉麵 +$2 Lemon Grass Pork Chop Rice 香茅豬扒飯 $24 Sweet South East Asian Dishes 東南亞美食 Free Choices of Dish 自選餸飯 Plain Rice 白飯 $7 One Choice of Dish 任選單餸飯 ( 售完為止 ) $14 One Choice of Dish 單餸飯 $17 Two Choices of Dish 兩餸飯 $20 Three Choices of

Wonderwater on the water footprint Jane Withers, Curator 幻 水 餐 吧 与 水 足 迹 文 / Jane Withers 项 目 策 划 人 Wonderwater at Tian Hai is a pop-up event explorin

Wonderwater on the water footprint Jane Withers, Curator 幻水餐吧与水足迹文 / Jane Withers 项目策划人 Wonderwater at Tian Hai is a pop-up event explorin