2005 5 May12005 2 Studies in Qing History No12 : [ ],, [ ] [ ] K82 [ ] A [ ] 1002-8587 (2005) - 02-0069 - 12 Possessing Unrecognized Talent : The Pathway of the Country Gentleman Liu Dapeng s Whole Life Liu Dapeng was a country gentleman whose lifetime spanned both the Qing Dynasty and Republican Era1 Liu took part in the imperial exam five times and taught at a private school for twenty years1 He was a farmer and a businessman for many years in his home town after the abolishment of the imperial exam system1 In this study, the author breaks with the convention of question consciousness, using the method of historical narration to outline the track of the Liu Da - Peng s entire life1 : ;,,,,,, (1891), (1942), 51 32, 20, : 50,,,,, [ ] 2004-8 - 15 [ ] (1958 ),, ; 030006 69
1980 ( ) 1980,, 1980, 1982,,, 1985,, 20 10,,, ( 80 50 ) 1986 6, 1990 6, 1982, (1901) (1902) ( ), ( 1500 ) 70,, 1995, 25 4, 20, (henri2 etta Harrison), 1990 2000 2,, : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ),,, : ( 2002 ),,,,
,,,,,,, 2003 4,,,,,, : (1857 6 9 ),,,,,,,,,,,, 9, 23,,,, (1894),, 1894,,,,,,,, 12,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1895,,,,,,,, ;,,, ;,,,,,,, 71
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,, 72,, :,!,! ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1938,, 82,,,,, 1895,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,, 1897,,,,, gλϖ 1898,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gλω,,,,,,,,,, gλξ, 1901, 1902, gλψ 1903,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gλζ,,, 1895,, :,,,? gλ{,, : gλ,, gλ},, gλ, (, ),, 73
gµυ,,,,,,,,,,, gµϖ,, 21 12 15,,,, gµω : gµξ gµψ,,, gµζ,,,,, :,,,,, gµ{ 1892,, 1896 1909-1912,,, 1914 74 1911 1914, :,,,,, gµ,,,,, :,? gµ}, :,,,,,, gµ,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,! gνυ,,,,,,,,!,,,
:,,,, gνϖ,,,, gνω :,,,,,,,,, : ( ),,,,,! gνξ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gνψ,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gνζ 1896 1905,,, gν{, 1906,,,,?,, gν,,, 1907,,,,,, 1909-1911, 1913,,,,,, gν} 1914,,, :,,,,,,, gν 75
,, 1931, gου :,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,, gοϖ,,,,? 1913,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,, gοω,,,, gοξ 76, gοψ,,,,,!,,,,,, gοζ, 1921,,, gο{ 1914,,,,,,,,,,, 1908, 1911, 1913,,, gο, 1908, (1884) gο}, gο
1915,, 1917,,, 1926, ( ),,, (1925),,, 1929,,,,,, gπψ 1934,,,,,,, 1892 1930,, gπυ 1902,,, 1913, 2 7,, 200-800,,,,,,, gπϖ,,, gπω,,,,,, gπξ,,,,,,,,,,!, :,,,,,,, 1913 7,,,, gπζ,, 1908,,, gπ{,,,, 1914,, 1930, 16 :,, gπ 77
,,,,,, gπ}, 1921 1927,,,,, gπ, gθυ 1930,,,,,,, gθϖ,, 1929, gθω,, 1929,,, 1936,, gθξ 1937,,, 1914 :,,,,,,,, : gθψ,,, 78 gθζ gθ{,,,,,,,,,, gθ,,,,, gθ},,,,, gθ,,,,,,,,,,,,, gρυ,,, gρϖ,, gρω, gρξ,,,, gρψ,,, gρζ 1938 3 9,,,,, gρ{,,,,,,, gρ,,
1915 6 16,,,,,,,,, gρ},,,,,,,, 1902 gρ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gσυ,! gσϖ,!,,,,,,, gσω,,,,, 1942,,,,,,,,, gσξ,,, gλξ gσϖ :,,,, 1990, 613 ; 614 615 gλϖ gλωgλψ gλ{ gµϖ gµωgµζ gµ{ gµ gµ} gµ gνυ gνϖ gνωgνξ gνψ gνζ gν gν} gν gου gοϖ gοωgοξ gοψ gοζ gο{ gο gπυ gπϖ gπωgπξ gπψ gπζ gπ{ gπ gπ} gπ gθυ gθϖ gθωgθξ gθψ gθζ gθ{ gθ gθ} gθ gρυ gρϖ gρωgρξ gρψ gρζ gρ{ gρ gρ} gρ gσυ gσω 79
, :, 1990, 613 ; 35 ; 38 592 594 ; 595 600 ; 42 594 595 596 598 ; 21 41 48 55 64 ; 530 ; 40 61 ; 62 65 68 73 74 ; 79 85 ; 101 112 116 ; 42 43 ; 146 147 ; 463 ; 59 451 ; 54 55 57 59 70 71 140 ; 198 ; 72 ; 57 59 71 ; 55 56 61 108 127 130 ; 57 66 140 ; 66 72 ; 24 88 101 156 157 ; 61 71 155 ; 57 ; 147 148 149 ; 159 180 184 ; 191 ; 433 ; 196 ; 178 179 ; 336 ; 427 468 470 ; 180 186 ; 451 454 ; 149 167 190 191 ; 206 242 317 383 384 491 ; 44 107 194 232 263 328 445 450 451 ; 6 26 54 90 170 212 259 273 436 463 477 480 552 591 ; 88 ; 45 ; 185 ; 190 ; 399 ; 214 215 218 219 ; 224 280 368 390 402 ; 322 390 ; 474 475 489 ; 391 394 ; 474 493 495 ; 192 ; 203 ; 187 262 263 ; 331 332 ; 431 ; 495 ; 269 ; 185 ; 228 ; 239 ; 401 403 ; 494 ; 525 527 ; 45 ; 233 ; 131 133 ; 161 ; 239 ( 1999 ),,,,,,, :, 1 53, 1961 gλζ :,, 604-612 gλ :, 1999, 171 gλ} gλ :,, 1998, 260 ; 261 gµυ :, : 3, 2002, 155 gµξ gµψ gσξ, : 19, 1991, 220 ; 222 ; 220 gν{ :, 5 5390 gο} 384 gο 317, 383 384, 242 80