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1 , ,, 1948,,, 1960,20 70, 1989, 3,1962,,, : prof com,

2 100,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,, :,:,2000,37 :,:,2000,3839 :, :, 1998,145 []A. J. M. :,, 1995,2

3 101 :,,,,,, 20,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, (),3,1972,143 []A. J. M. :,, 1995,7 []A. J. M. :,, 1995,154 []A. J. M. :,, 1995,153 Murray Hunt, Using H uman Ri ghts L aw in English Courts, Oxford, Hart Publishing,1998. pp. 56. [] :, :, 2000,379

4 102 gλυ 3, 6 :,,,, ,,,, gλϖ (),, ; gλω,,, 6 7, ;,,,,, gλυ gλϖ gλω []J. P. :,, 1985,152 :,1984,127 [] D. :,,1999,423

5 103,,, (),, 26,,,,,,,,,,, gλξ,,,,,,,,, gλξ [] E. :, [] J. :,, 2001,486

6 104 (),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (),, 16,,,,,,, gλψ, ,,,, gλζ 12,,, gλψ Jane Fortin, Chil d renri ghts and international developing law, 2nd edition, LexisNexis U K, London, 2003, p. 50. gλζ Jane Fortin, Chil d renri ghts and international developing law, 2nd edition, LexisNexis U K, London, 2003, p. 52.

7 105, gλ{ 1942,, gλ 1967, (Loving),, 14, ( Zablocki), ( Turner),, gλ} gλ (),,, 16,, ;, 12, 16,8,,;,,, gλ{ Harry D1 Krause, Famil y L aw, 3rd ed,1999,3 gλ Harry D1 Krause, Famil y L aw, 3rd ed,1999,19 gλ} Harry D1 Krause, Famil y L aw, 3rd ed,1999,20 gλ,( Henriod) : Harry D1 Krause, Famil y L aw, 3rd ed, 1999,4142

8 106, ;,,,,,, (),,,,,,,,,,, 1968,, , 1994,, ;,,,,,,,,,,

9 107 gµυ,,,,,, 20 40,,,,,,,,, (),,,,,, 20 80,, gµυ (Van Oosterwijck) :,,,,,, :,,1995,31

10 108, gµϖ,1976,,,,1976, gµω 90,, gµξ, 1996 gµψ ;,, ;,, ; 24 gµζ,,70,,,, gµ{ 1984,, gµϖ Famil y L aw,london : Sweet & Maxwell, 2003,p gµω :,,,2000,50 gµψ, , gµζ Family Law Act 1996, Article 47 (2) (3) (6) (7), Mika Oldham, B lackstone s 358. gµ{,, Stephen M. Cretney, J udith M. Masson, Rebecca Bailey2Harris, Princi ples of :,2000,202 gµξ :,, : S tatutes on Famil y L aw ( ),Oxford : Oxford University Press,2004,pp. 357, 1996, :,2002,21

11 109,,,,, 90,,,,1981, 21,,, ;,,, , 2002, 80 %, 50 % gµ,,, ; ;;,, () ,,,, ; gµ :,,ht2 tp :/ / news. xinhuanet. com/ newscenter/ / 24/ content _ htm, :

12 110,, gµ} gµ,,, , gνυ 16,,6,,, 1977,,,, 1978,, 1971,,,,,1975, gµ} S. :, W. :,,2005, 51 gµ W. :, W. :,,2005, gνυ :, W. :,,2005,269

13 111 ;,6 gνϖ 1975,, 1982,;,, 1971,, 6,, ,,, 1975,, 1987, 1983, 1998,,, 4,, 20 60,,,, gνω 1970,,, gνϖ 1 % :, W. :,,2005,269 gνω []L. : (),,1985, :, 1991,409

14 112 ; gνξ,,gνψ,, gνζ, ,,, gν{, gν 1984,,,,;,,1975, , 12,,,, gνξ [] :,, 1988, L. : (),,1985, :,1991,406 gνψ []L. : (),,1985, :, 1991,406 gνζ []L. : (),,1985, :, 1991,410 gν{ [] M1 :,[] W1 [] :,,2005,70 gν [] :,, 1988,365

15 gν,1947, 113 gν},,, 1995, (),, 770,,,, gου gοϖ, ,,,,, gοω 1985,,,,,,, gοξ, gν} (1979 ), :, 1991,169 gν :,2006,567,,1986,151 gου,, gοϖ , , :,1984, gοω ( ),, :,1991, gοξ :,2001,260

16 114, gοψ,, gοζ,,??,, () 18,,,,,20,, 1924,,,1959,,1989,,,,, 3 1,,,,,, gοψ gοζ :,2001,85 :,2001,260

17 gο () 115,, 1626,,,,, gο{, gο ,;, gο},,,,,, 20 40,,, 70,,20 70,,,1995,30 %, gο{ gο gο},,2004,441,,2004,441, [57 ] Adoption and Children Act 2002, Edited by Mika Oldham, S tatutes on Famil y L aw , 13th ed, Oxford University Press 2004, pp gο [] : (),2004,141

18 116, gπυ,20,1998, 200,, 70 % gπϖ, gπω 20 70,, 2005,20 60,,; gπξ ,,, , , gπψ 80, gπζ , gπ{ 90,,,, gπυ gπϖ gπω Carolyn Hamilton & Alison Perry, Famil y L aw in Europe, 2nd. ed., Butter2 worths 2002, p :, Carolyn Hamilton & Alison Perry, Famil y L aw in Europe, 2nd edition, But2 terworths, 2002, p gπξ Harry1D1 Krause, Famil y law,3rd ed,1999,71 gπψ , [] :,, 1988,144 gπζ [] :,, 1988,143 gπ{ Bureau of Census, CPT, pp , Harry D. Krause, Fam2 il y law,3rd ed,1999,71

19 117 20,, 2/ 3 gπ,,1970, 12 %;1995, 63 % ; 17 % gπ},, gπ,,,,,,, 50,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gπ gπ} gπ :70, :, [] :,, 1988,142

20 118,,,,,,,, gθυ,,, () 1989, ,,18,, gθϖ ,, gθω, 2004, ,, gθξ, 1995, Harry D1 Krause,, gθυ gθϖ,,2005, Carolyn Hamilton & Alison Perry, Famil y L aw in Europe, 2nd ed, Butter2 worths 2002, p gθω Carolyn Hamilton & Alison Perry, Famil y L aw in Europe, 2nd ed, Butter2 worths 2002, pp gθξ, :, :, http :/ / www. privatelaw. com. cn/ new2004/ ztyj/.. %5Cshtml %5C htm, :

21 119, gθψ,, ; ;; gθζ 2000,, 2004 CNN,64 % gθ{,,,,,,,,,;,, ; gθψ L aw, 3rd ed.,1999,7980 gθζ Harry D1 Krause, Famil y L aw, 3rd ed.,1999,7980 gθ{ : (Lee Marvin) (Betty),(Michelle) 6,,,, ; ;,,, (Marvin Doctrine) Harry D1 Krause, Famil y 7 [J/ OL ] http :/ / www. chinanews. com. cn/ n/ , :

22 120,,20 50,,,,,,; ;,,;,,,,, ;,,,,,,,, (),,,,,,,,,,,,,

23 121,, (),, 2001,;,,, ,,,, 2006,,,,,,,,,, (),1950,,,17,,,,, 20 60,,,,,1950

24 122,, gθ 1980,, ,, 25,,, ;,,, 1989,, 2001,,,,,,,;,,,,,,, (),, gθ} ,,,,, gθ :( ) ( ),1980 gθ} ,

25 123 3,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,, () 17,,, 22, ,, 2005,,,,,,,

26 124, 60,,,,,, (), 20 50,,, 1951,,1989,,, ,, () 5,, 2003 (),,,,,,,, 2002,,, 61 %, ;,20 %, ;,

27 125, gθ 2003, 1976, 1/ 10,200, gρυ,,,,,,,,,, (),,, 80,,1957,, 1984,, gρϖ,1989,,,,, 1997,, gθ ml, : gρυ 200 (),,http :/ / www. gd. xin2 gρϖ : :,, http :/ / www. cctv. com/ news/ society/ / 9. ht2 huanet. com/, : , 2,:,,, ; ;;,,

28 ,, 2000, gρω 2001, (),,,,,,,,,,,,, gρω ,, ; ,,

29 127, gρξ, gρψ,, () 49,,,,2003,,,, (),,,,, gρξ, :() () 2001, ,,,,35,, 32,: ; 6,http :/ / www. tianjincool. com/ , : gρψ,,, ;,,, ,,, 4,,32 3,

30 128,, gρζ,,,, 2000,2200, gρ{ 2005, , gρ,,,:,,,,,,,,,, gρ},,,, gρ,,,,,, gρζ [] :,,1998, gρ{ :,2007,71 gρ :, ,C1 gρ} :,2007,7172 gρ :,2007,7172

31 () , 14735,, 4779, 296, 537 gσυ,,,,,, ;,,, 2005, 39519, ,3. 13 ; 6934, ,3. 27 gσϖ 421,,,,,,,, (),, , gσυ gσϖ : %, http :/ / www. stats. gov. cn/ tjgb/ rkpcgb/ qgrkpcgb/ t _ htm, : : %, http :/ / www. stats. gov. cn/ tjgb/ rkpcgb/ qgrkpcgb/ t _ htm, :

32 130,678, 5 % ; gσω , 593 gσξ,,, gσψ,,,,,,,, gσω : ( ) : http :/ / www. court. gov. cn/ work/ htm, : gσξ : ( ),, http :/ / www. chinacourt. org/ public/ detail. php? id = , : gσψ 18 ;,

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