2004 6 Abstract : This study aims to redefine ethnicity and identity of Chinese diaspora. By examining the process in which the Indonesian Chinese managed to locate themselves in an ethnic niche in Hong Kong, it re2maps the sub2ethnic landscape of Chinese diaspora, which is more complex, dynamic and sensitive than what have been assumed. This study unveils that it is no longer adequate to understand identities in terms of old categories such as place of origin and dialect affiliation. Many Chinese migrants resort to invented bonds and transnational linkage for social groupings and identity construction. By responding to new environments in such an innovative way, the Indonesian Chinese not only create another layer of Chineseness but also raise theoretical questions about the nature of Chinese ethnicity in a world of increasing mobility and globalization.,,,,,, (Clifford,1992 :108),,, (Ang,2001 :75-77), (ethnic group), (,1998 ;,2003 ;,2003 ;, 2003),, (ethnicity) (sub - ethnicity),,,, (the segmentary structure) (Crissman,1967),, (dialect group) (, 1999-2002,, ( ISSCO), 1992,, 5 2004 5, ( ),2003 9 Subethnicity in the Chinese Diaspora,, 76
),, 5, ( ) (Sparks,1976 ; Guldin,1977 1997 ;Wong,1988 ; Lin,2002a 2002b), ( ),,,, (Sinn,1997 2002) 20,, (Liu,1998 ;Douw et al.,1999), ( ),, (Qiaoxiang Ties) (Douw et al., 1999 ;,2000),,,, (Cohen,1997 :135) (Clifford,1992 :108),,,,,,,,,,,, (ethnic niche),,,,20 50 60, 70 80, 20 50, 20,, 70,,,, 30-40, 10-20, ( Godley & Coppel,1990a :94 ; East Asia Analytical Unit,1995 ;,1987),,,, Godley, 1989 :179-198. 77
, 10 %,,,,, (,1987 :25 ;,1979 1980 1982 ;,1984), 70 80,,, (,2001 :196-197 ;,1980),, ( ) ;,,,,,,, 2002, 48, 28, 5813 %, ( 1),,, 32, 66167 % ( 2) ;, 32, 23, 1 2 28 58133 32 66167 2 4117 13 27108 2 4117 1 2108 1 2108 2 4117 15 31125 48 100 48 100 : :,,, [ Palembang Chinese Schools Alumni Association(HK) ],,,,, 78 1999-2001 3,, 5 %, ( ) ( ) ( ),1990),,, 50,,,,1999 :55-66
60 40,,,, 15, 5 60,12,48,,,,,, ( ),,, (Sinn,1997 :394-395,2002 :4-8),,,,, ( Kuah & Wong,2001 :210-211), (Sinn,1997 :397),,,, 10 4,,,, 29 7 7, 5,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( Yang,2001 :232-235),,,,,, 79
,,,,,,, (Clifford,1992 :108),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( Godley & Coppel,1990b :194),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (Wang,1988 :11-16) 80
( ),,,,, (extraterritorial identity), :,, (1991), :,,,,,,,,, (Ma Mung,1998 :40-41),,, ;,,,,,,, (Hall,1992 :273-321),,,,, (Ang, 2001 :50-51),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 81
,,,,,,,,,, ( T ien,1953 :25-26),,,,,, ( Freedman,1957), 80,,,,,,,,,, ( ) ( ), :, ;, 2002,, 50,, ; ; :,,,, ( Geertz,1973) 50,72,,,,, 800,,,1999 :55-66,, 82
,,,,,,,, 11,,,, 14,,,, 4,,, :,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (Alba,1990 :306),, 10,, 20 80 20 90 83
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