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The Effect of Leisure Participation Involves in Job Stress on Well-being A Study of High-Stress Group Wang Simon, Ju Ying Chian, Wang Nian Tsz. of Department of Tourism and Leisure Management, National Penghu University Tsai Jr Yung. of Department of Business Administration, National Formosa University Abstract The purpose of the study was to discuss the effect of job stress on the well-being for the high-stress groups. Then, roles and functions that leisure participation played in the job stress of high pressure groups were realized. Researchers hope to provide an alternative choice for high pressure groups to improve job stress. In this study, firefighters, police officers, soldiers, teachers and nurses in the five industries studied. The results of this study are as follows: First, the job stress of high-stress workers can influences well-being. Secondly, there have an influence of leisure participation intervening job stress and family atmosphere. Also means that participation in leisure activities can reduce stress, enhance well-being. According to the results as mentioned above, the suggestions of this study, the method for high-stress groups decreasing job stress was to participant leisure and extracurricular activities more with family. It not only increases the interaction with family, but also helps relieving stress and promoting physical and mental health and family harmony. Key words: job stress, leisure participation, well-being. 2

2000 Selye 1976 World Health Organization, WHO WHO, 2001 1999 Hall,1966 ; Rousseau,1978 Johnson, Johnson & Humphany, 19571999 Cordes and Ibrahim 1999 97 1 2 Cordes and Ibrahim 1979 1998 2001 Rejeski, Brawley, & Shumaker, 1996 19962001 Lu and Argyle, 1994 2001 3

2005 Ragheb & Beard 1982 1999 1997 2006 200420062006 Lu and Argyle 19941996 1977 2001Shivers 1967 1997 2000 2008 4

1 1 1996 2002 2005 1998 2001 1989 2003 2003 Parker and Decotiis 1983 13 20061998 20 2008 198819991999 20012001 5

300 210 70% 1 36.7% 20.5% 16.2% 15.2% 11.4% 61% 58.1% 50% 20-30 75.6% 45.2% 76.7% 1 % % 161 76.7 77 36.7 49 23.3 24 11.4 20~30 121 75.6 43 20.5 31~40 48 22.9 34 16.2 41~50 34 16.2 32 15.2 51 7 3.3 5 105 50 135 64.3 6-10 40 19 75 35.7 11-15 17 8 82 39 16-20 23 11 128 61 20 25 11 29 13.8 122 58.1 95 45.2 88 41.9 66 31.4 20 9.5 1 factor loading 0.8 Cronbach s α 0.7 2 6 5 7 5 5 6

2 Cronbach s α 0.761 0.736 0.917 0.845 0.846 0.852 0.951 3 σ2=0.216 p<0.05 λ1 η1 21.6% 3 4 14.8% 18.9% X 4 Beta -0.390** -0.374** 0.205** R 0.148 0.189 F 40.186** 25.402** λ1 Y η1-0.626* 0.892* -0.993* 0.473 0.922* 0.733 0.688 0.158 0.149 σ2 0.216 7

5 13.3% 16.8% 5.4% 10.1% 15.1% 15.2% 5 Beta -0.370** -0.363** -0.242** -0.244** -0.393** -0.390** 0.198** 0.216** 0.079** R 0.133 0.168 0.054 0.101 0.151 0.152 F 35.509** 22.139** 13.906** 17.782** 40.907** 19.730** 6 13.3% 14.1% 5.4% 6.4% 15.1% 6 Beta -0.370** -0.359** -0.242** -0.242** -0.393** -0.385** 0.112 0.096 0.070 R 0.133 0.141 0.054 0.064 0.151 0.151 F 35.509** 18.224** 13.906** 8.094** 40.907** 19.539** 8

7 13.3% 13.0% 5.4% 5.5% 15.1% 14.6% 7 Beta -0.370** -0.385** -0.242** -0.253** -0.393** -0.394** -0.032-0.018-0.022 R 0.133 0.130 0.054 0.055 0.151 0.146 F 35.509** 16.602** 13.906** 7.033** 40.907** 18.901** 8 13.3% 16.0% 5.4% 6.4% 15.1% 16.8% 8 Beta -0.370** -0.338** -0.242** -0.234** -0.393** -0.365** 0.177** 0.100 0.150 R 0.133 0.160 0.054 0.064 0.151 0.168 F 35.509** 20.846** 13.906** 8.149** 40.907** 20.044** 9

9 13.3% 13.9% 5.4% 5.7% 15.1% 15.2% 9 Beta -0.370** -0.369** -0.242** -0.251** -0.393** -0.391** 0.100 0.056 0.076 R 0.133 0.139 0.054 0.057 0.151 0.152 F 35.509** 17.859** 13.906** 7.374** 40.907** 19.670** 10 13.3% 13.0% 5.4% 6.0% 15.1% 14.6% 10 Beta -0.370** -0.370** -0.242** -0.250** -0.393** -0.392** 0.025 0.078 0.004 R 0.133 0.130 0.054 0.060 0.151 0.146 F 35.509** 16.548** 13.906** 7.721** 40.907** 18.836** 10

11 13.3% 14.9% 5.4% 12.6% 15.1% 17.1% 11 Beta -0.370** -0.363** -0.242** -0.237** -0.393** -0.384** 0.141 0.266** 0.157 R 0.133 0.149 0.054 0.126 0.151 0.171 F 35.509** 19.270** 13.906** 16.018** 40.907** 22.501** 12 13.3% 16.1% 5.4% 10.1% 15.1% 15.4% 12 Beta -0.370** -0.375** -0.242** -0.257** -0.393** -0.395** 0.178** 0.216** 0.092 R 0.133 0.161 0.054 0.101 0.151 0.154 F 35.509** 20.049** 13.906** 12.775** 40.907** 20.081** 11

1. 2. 3. 1. 2. EQ 1. 1996125 125-130 12

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