ISSN 1347-4448 ISSN 1348-5504 10 12 2011 12 Q E-mail: iori.okmt@gmail.com Chatman, O Reilly, Caldwell Q Q Q 1 Q Q Q Q Q 2011 Global Business Research Center www.gbrc.jp 851 2011 12 2 2011 12 16
54 1 1 54 Q Chatman 1991 O Reilly, Chatman, and Caldwell 1991 Person-Organization fit Chatman 1989 Chatman 1989 Chatman 1991 O Reilly et al. 1991 Q Q Chatman 1991 O Reilly et al. 1991 Organizational Culture Profile OCP 54 Stephenson 1953 Q Q-methodology Chatman OCP Q Cable and Judge 1996 Cable and Parsons 2001 Westerman and Cyr 2004 Cooper- Thomas, Van Vianen, and Anderson 2004 O Reilly Chatman Caldwell OCP Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 852
Q 2 OCP Q OCP Q Chatman 1989, 1991 O Reilly et al. 1991 OCP Q 2.1 Q Q Q Q Stephenson 1953 Q Q Q Q Q Q Catell 1952 P Stephenson 1953 R Q R Q R interdependency analysis Q dependency analysis R Q A B C X Y Z 3 3 9 1 1 X Y Z A xa ya za B xb yb zb C xc yc zc 853
1 X Y Z R A B C Q Q R Q Q Q Q forced-choice method significant Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Stephenson Q Q Block Block 1961 Q Stephenson Q Block 1961 Q 1 2 3 Q 4 Q 854
Q 4 Block 1961 Stephenson Block 1961 Block Q Q Q Q Block Q Q Q Chatman Block Q OCP54 Q Chatman 1991 9 Q 2.2 Q Q Q Chatman OCP 54 OCP Q Q OCP 54 Chatman 1991 Chatman 1991 171 128 OCP 54 1 1 54 54 54 54 9 855
9 54 9 2 4 6 9 12 9 6 4 2 54 54 54 1 54 54 1 1 856
Q 54 9 OCP 54 9 2 4 6 9 12 9 6 4 2 54 ideal desirable organizational values desirable organization s values 2.3 OCP Q Q Chatman OCP 54 O Reilly et al. 1991 857
Davis 1984 Deal and Kennedy 1982 Kilmann 1984 Ouchi 1981 Peters and Waterman 1982 Schein 1985 3 1 2 3 2 OCP 54 1 Flexibility 2 Adaptability 3 Stability 4 Predictability 5 Being innovative 6 Being quick to take advantage of opportunities 7 A willingness to experiment 8 Risk taking 9 Being Careful 10 Autonomy 11 Being rule oriented 12 Being analytical 13 Paying attention to detail 14 Being precise 15 Being team oriented 16 Sharing information freely 17 Emphasizing a single culture throughout the organization 18 Being people oriented 19 Fairness 20 Respect for individual's right 21 Tolerance 22 Informality 23 Being easy going 24 Being calm 25 Being supportive 26 Being aggressive 27 Decisiveness 858
Q 2 OCP 54 28 Action orientation 29 Taking initiative 30 Being reflective 31 Achievement orientation 32 Being demanding 33 Taking individual responsibility 34 Having high expectations for performance 35 Opportunities for professional growth 36 High pay for good performance 37 Security of employment 38 Offers praise for good performance 39 Low level of conflict 40 Confronting conflict directly 41 Developing friends at work 42 Fitting in 43 Working in collaboration with others 44 Enthusiasm for the job 45 Working longer hours 46 Not being constrained by rules 47 An emphasis on quality 48 Being distinctive-different from others 49 Having a good reputation 50 Being socially responsible 51 Being results oriented 52 Having a clear guiding philosophy 53 Being competitive 54 Being highly organized 3 110 859
4 54 OCP OCP OCP 54 2 OCP 54 O Reilly et al. 1991 3 OCP Q Chatman 1991 Q Q Chatman Q 2 Q 2010 2011 14 14 28 Chatman OCP Q 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 860
Q 2 8 9 2 Q Q Q Q Q Chatman 3.1 9 9 8 2 861
1 1 Q 1 1 7 7 54 1 9 54 Q 54 1 9 3.2 54 54 1 Chatman Block 1961 862
Q Block 1961 2 t F Mann- Whitney 3 54 3.3 Chatman 1989 Crystallization 3 12 2 4 6 12 3 2 2 1 2 3 4 863
3.4 Chatman Pearson 1 3.5 O Reilly et al. 1991 O Reilly et al. 1991 395 54 33 3 1 0.40 1.0 scree test 3 8 54 8 5 6 7 8 9 3 21 864
Q 3 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 innovation and risk taking attention to detail orientation toward outcomes or results aggressiveness and competitiveness supportiveness emphasis on growth and rewards a collaborative and team orientation decisiveness 3 O Reilly et al. 1991 O Reilly et al. 1991 826 4 26 7 7 4 O Reilly et al. 1991 865
4 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Innovation) Stability Respect for people Outcome orientation Attention to detail Team orientation Aggressive 5 4 O Reilly et al. 1991 OCP Q 5 O Reilly et al. 1991 5 5 20 16 O Reilly et al. 1991 Table 3 5 19 16 866
Q 3.6 Q Q Q Q Ipsative 6 Meglino, Ravlin, & Adkins, 1989; Ravlin & Meglino, 1987 OCP54 Q Block 1961 Chatman 1991 Cable and Judge 1996 54 3.7 OCP P-O fit O Reilly Chatman Caldwell Q Cable and Judge 1996 54 10 40 7 40 Q 9 2 3 4 7 8 7 4 3 2 6 normative 7 14 8 21 867
Q Cable and Parsons 2001 Cable and Judge 1996 40 2 3 4 7 8 7 4 3 2 9 40 2 2 38 2 2 36 3 8 Q 4 Q? Q Q Q Ravlin and Meglino 1987 Forced-choice measure Rank measure Point-assignment measure Likert measure 1 5 5 3 Q 4 868
Q Chatman Q Q Q 4.1 Q 5 Ravlin and Meglino 1987 Q Q 4.1.1 2010 2011 29 22 7 OCP 54 54 1 5 5 5 OCP 54 1 5 Chatman Q 54 54 9 869
9 2 54 1 9 2 4.1.2. Q Q 0.45 0.89 0.68 29 1 3 3 3 29 870
Q 4 4 1566 Q Ravlin and Meglino 1987 Q 5 29 54 1566 1566 1 5 4 1566 1 19 2 151 11 5 4 5 3 5 4 647 41 871
5 Q 1 2 3.70 2 4 7.41 3 6 11.11 4 9 16.67 5 12 22.22 6 9 16.67 7 6 11.11 8 4 7.41 9 2 3.70 Q 5 Q 8 Q Q Q Q Q 8 Q 5 Q 1 2 5 3 4 2 5 3 6 7 2 8 9 1 1 11 2 28 3 22 4 28 5 11 9 5 872
Q 5 Q 5 29 4.2 Cable and Judge 1996 54 5 335 1185 730 54 12 20 4.3 Q Q Chatman Q 873
Q Q Q 10 Q 5 Q OCP Q Chatman Cable and Judge 1997 Chatman Cable and Judge 1996, 1997 Cable and Parsons 2001 OCP 9 Chatman Cable and Judge 1996, 1997 Cable and Parsons 2001 OCP 54 Chatman Chatman Cable and Judge 1996 Dineen, Ash, and Noe 2002 874
Q Q Chatman Q Chatman OCP54 Q Block 1961 Q the California Q-set Chatman Block Q 100 Block Chatman Q Caldwell and O Reilly 1990 Q OCP Q Chatman OCP 54 Q Q Q 875
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Q O Reilly, C. A., Chatman, J. A., & Caldwell, D. F. 1991. People and organizational culture: A profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit. Academy of Management Journal, 34 3, 487 516. Ouchi, W. 1981. Theory Z. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Peters, L., & Waterman, R. 1982. In search of excellence. New York: Free Press. Ravlin, E. C., & Meglino, B. M. 1987. Effect of values on perception and decision making: A study of alternative work values measures. Journal of Applied Psychology, 72 4, 666 673. Schein, E. 1985. Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Stephenson, W. 1953. The study of behavior: Q-technique and its methodology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Westerman, J. W., & Cyr, L. A. 2004. An Integrative Analysis of Person-Organization Fit Theories. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 12 3, 252 261. 877
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