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1 見度 B 例力理力理 B 立 1992 年 2001 年 3 36 陸料兩數 1947 行理行 B 力度練度練練理力練練練 B 練錄量福利度金金行金 ( ) 金金年金金金 B 福利勞福利 ( 禮旅 ) 福利見見度福利 1

2 說更 ( 劉 2002) 料都若留裡 B 度了留行行度行數不度理不 B 年來行見度行了見見量立 ( ) 了 B 見 ( ) 了 B 理參 ( ) 了不異不行 (action plan) ( ) 立 B 見度參 2

3 參參 (Smith, Kendall & Hulin, 1969) 行力力勞福利來量度 (1997) 度更來了領良律更 (Davis, 1951) 度聯度 3 度 5 度不不了落不率落滑度度益落離流率不來力浪了練連理 (1997) 度不不 3

4 (Seashore & Tabor, 1975) 2000 年度了歷年狀年類類 ( ) 度 ( ) 歷歷 2000 年度度不異 ( ) ( ) 年年數年 (Hulin & Smith, 1969 麗 )41 40 (2000) ( ) 狀狀不狀不不論異 ( ) 年年度 U U 4

5 度降數年年 ( 六 ) 林 (1990) 更福利參度流更行度不 ( ) 類類行理行類不異 () ( ) 類類不異 () (2000) ( ) ( 隆 1982 林 1990) 見度度 ( 見 ) 理度度 ( 見 ) (Anonymous, ) ( ) 了度見見更了度見了 5

6 ( ) 度理度晴例來說度度降不益 ( ) 例來說若來率率度來理不不 ( ) 見度來理了度流 ( ) 度來不力力 ( 六 ) 立理不更立度度 Herzberg 1950 年兩理論 (Two Factor Theory) 不 (hygiene factor) 勵 (motivators) 句說不若不不勵狀 6

7 若不不不兩不勵列勵勵識理度利益六度了度行 ( 林 1994 劉 ) ( ) 來參流更立見更 ( ) 度見度了了來度切了不 ( ) 不不不不不不來不 ( ) 行識 7

8 數 80 都了 20 了不度不 20 都 80 利不更了度了了行識 ( ) 數數度浪落來來 ( 六 ) 力不力狀落 8

9 量 (self-report measure) 來見 (Gleeson & Petrovski, 1997) 量 ( )( )( 若 2002) 行見參料 ( ) ( 行 ) 料歷 (2002) 度兩 ( 李 2003) 度 1. 度度不 ( 2000) 論刺料流 ( 羅 1992) 度說度不更了理度行不力料不論不行不不 9

10 見 (1998) 2. 度 25 不年年歷 ( 料 4-1) 40 行不來不來見度 4-1 度料年年歷 1 01 F 理 F F F F M F M F 理 F 理 F 理 M 理 F 理 F M F F M F M M M 理 M M 理

11 年年歷 F 理度 25 見理力理列 (1) 理 (a) 理略兩異 (b) 數力力不異不金不練不 (2) 力理力度數度不力力理力度 ( ) 行度量量料度 ( ) 度 11

12 見度料 1. 度理力理理領度福利練輪類 Likert 量歷不不見數不 1 5 練留行 2. 更見見 3. 料料歷年狀年類料 (Descriptive Statistics) (Chi-Square Test) Kolmogorov-Smirnov(K-S Test) Levene s (Levene s Test) 立 T(T Test) 異數 (One-Way ANOVA) Mann-Whitney U (M-W test)kruskal-wallis(k-w Test) ( ) 12

13 料度數數數理論數異異留不 ( ) T 利 T 類 ( 狀類 ) 異異數 ( ) 異數利異數類 ( 歷年年類 ) 異異行 Tukey 了異來異數 ( ) Kolmogorov-Smirnov K-S 來料數數行異 ( 六 ) Levene s 料異數 Levene s 來 ( ) Kruskal-Wallis 異數利數異異行 Mann-Whitney U 了異來 13

14 行數 961 參率 49.36% 90 率 44.76% 來漏數數數兩數數參率數率 % % 料料理 5-2 來說女 72.3 % 度 57.3 %26-35( 54.0%) 數 (86.4 %) 數年 3 年 (49.1%) 率 (61.7%) 例 (92.8 %) (7.2 %) (64.1 %)(35.9 %) 5-2 料數歷年女 ( ) ( )

15 料數狀類行理年類行年年年年 ( ) 5-3 度 (2.7876) 福利 (2.8046) 度 (2.9832) 度理領 (3.1159) (3.1158) (3.0946) 5-3 數領理理度力福利理練

16 數 ( ) 行行 5-4 數 (355 ) 行數 (428) 不念讀不句說 5-4 行數 355 (1) 64 (2) 43 (2) 151 (1) 74 (1) 度 200 (3) 111 (1) 78 (1) 0 (3) 0 (3) 228 (2) 23 (3) 40 (3) 106 (2) 45 (2) ( ) 留練留 5-5 留留更福利理念契兩落兩 5-5 留來留數什福利 104 (3) 14 (3) 18 (3) 45 (4) 19 (4) 64 (6) 4 (7) 26 (2) 9 (8) 22 (3) 16

17 65 (5) 12 (4) 9 (5) 28 (5) 8 (8) 理 24 (10) 3 (9) 5 (9) 5 (10) 9 (7) ( 離便 ) 29 (8) 4 (7) 2 (10) 16 (6) 6 (10) 231 (1) 85 (1) 31 (1) 68 (2) 31 (1) 89 (4) 8 (5) 9 (5) 48 (3) 18 (5) 41 (7) 5 (6) 6 (7) 15 (7) 12 (6) 更 175 (2) 24 (2) 11 (4) 107 (1) 24 (2) 理念契 25 (9) 2 (10) 6 (7) 8 (9) 8 (8) ( ) 度不理度不 ( 見錄 ) 1. 理理領度女力理練度女 2. 歷度練度度度度 3. 年不年 U 理領福利更更狀了度理領度福利 17

18 5. 類度類理領練六更 6. 年年度年度年年度異 7. 了度度理領 8. 了度度理領練 9. 類論理力理料理率福利理 ( ) 5-6 落福利

19 福利 5-6 理力理數 1 量不理領 1 1 度 1 理 3 ( 樓 ) 1 爛 ( 數 8 ) 度 1 例勞 1 陸勞福利 5 福利度 ( ) 福利 4 旅數 3 3 禮不 2 不禮練不 2-3 年年 1 練練 2 練度 2 金 1 都勵量 4 力 ( ) 5-7 落力理福利理 19

20 車 5-7 理力理數 1 理 1 不理領 1 1 都 1 練車車不沈樂來老不, 不度 1 1 度更旅數福利 6 福利 5 福利度 3 3 度不 ( 不 ) 15 契練 2 識 2 1 理力 20

21 陸論論論 ( ) 理 1. 留留留度留 2. 讀不見 3. 度度 4. 歷度度 5. 類度 6. 年年年度 7. 類理度 ( ) 力理 1. 福利度 2. 福利度度 3. 狀度 4. 年年年度 5. 類力度 21

22 論 ( ) 力理理度力理度例不契 (People-position Fit) 更契 ( People-organization Fit) 行理量落力度行 ( ) 立力度 ( 理 ) 行精神 ( ) 理 (Line managers) 力識力理練度力力年行理 (360 領力 DDI 數 6-1 理理力練 6-1 理領力量來便力練來領領了來留領留領立勵領異 22

23 理了領論立領力領力來利識領力力力立立領立略理 ( ) 留離了離來福利 (transparent & fair) 理度連勵 ( ) 留不留留了羅類來度參 1. 率 1994 度量劉北力離立論度 2004 年李 2003 論北聯理列 2004 年北理 23

24 6. 林 1990 北北林北金北諾立立行論 10. 麗 1996 立力理論 11. 隆 1982 領立理論行北料若北 14. 奈 & 索 1998 兩理論北 15. 劉 2002 略路陸理論度諾離立力理論 17. 羅 1992 例論行北 19. Anonymous, Ask no questions-tell no lies: The use of employee surveys, Human Resource Management International Digest, 10(3): Davis, R.C., The Fundament of Top Management, N.Y.: Happer & Row. 21. Gleeson, G. & Petrovski, P., The relationship between job satisfaction and psychological health in people with an intellectual disability in competitive 24

25 employment, Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 22(3): Seashore, S. E., & Tabor, T. D., Job satisfaction and Their Correlations, American Behavior & Scientists, 18: Smith, Kendall & Hulin, A Linear Model of Job Satisfaction, Journal of Applied Psychology, 49: Smith, P. C., Kendall, L. M. & Hulin, C. L., The measurement of Satisfaction in work and retirement, Chicago: Rand McNally. 25

26 錄理理領度歷年狀類女 K-S p.014 * * * K-S p.022 *.029 * <.000 * <.000 * <.000 * K-S p K-S p * <.000 * <.000 * <.000 * K-S p *.005 * K-S p *.215 K-S p K-S p *.003 * K-S p * <.000 * <.000 * K-S p * <.000 * K-S p K-S p * <.000 * <.000 * K-S p * <.000 * <.000 * K-S p K-S p.017 *.020 * <.000 * <.000 * <.000 * 行 K-S

27 理理領度理 p 年類行 K-S p 年 K-S p *.015 * <.000 * <.000 * 4-6 年 K-S p *.015 * <.000 * <.000 * 7-9 年 K-S p * 年 K-S p K-S p * <.000 * <.000 * K-S p.046 *.065 <.000 * <.000 * <.000 * K-S p K-S p.006 *.018 * <.000 * <.000 * <.000 * K-S p.043 *.033 * <.000 * <.000 * <.000 * K-S p <.000 *.007 * 1 不力理福利練歷 K-S p <.000 * 女 K-S p.006 * <.000 *.210 <.000 * K-S p K-S

28 力理福利練 p *.298 <.000 * K-S p <.000 * K-S p <.000 * K-S p K-S p.027 * <.000 * K-S 年 p *.406 <.000 * K-S p * * 46 K-S p K-S p *.453 <.000 * 狀 K-S p.002 *.015 *.393 <.000 * K-S p K-S p.005 * <.000 *.148 <.000 * 類行 K-S 理 p * 行 K-S p 年 K-S p.008 *.005 *.552 <.000 * 年 4-6 年 K-S p.008 *.005 *.552 <.000 * 7-9 年 K-S p * 10 年 K-S p K-S

29 力理福利練 p <.000 * 類 K-S p.006 *.001 *.266 <.000 * K-S p K-S p.003 * <.000 *.216 <.000 * K-S p.011 * <.000 *.234 <.000 * K-S p *.519 <.000 * 1 不 29

30 異數理理領度歷年狀類年類 Levene 量 p.014 * * * Levene 量 p *.827 Levene 量 p Levene 量 p Levene 量 p Levene 量 p Levene 量 p Levene 量 p Levene 量 p 異數不 30

31 力理福利練歷年狀類年類 Levene 量 p.234 <.000 * Levene 量 p Levene 量 p Levene 量 p Levene 量 p Levene 量 p *.894 <.000 * Levene 量 p *.413 Levene 量 p Levene 量 p * 1 異數不 31

32 度理理領度女 T / F ( ) (6.110) (2.860) (.772) (.430) (1.42) P.013 * Tukey M-W 歷 T / F ( ) (20.764) (16.460) (18.177) (5.28) P <.000 *.002 *.001 *.25 Tukey M-W -- (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) 年 T / F ( ) (5.914) (12.376) (3.18) P * * *.36 狀 (25, 26-35) Tukey (25, 26-35) (25, 36-45) -- M-W (25, 36-45) (26-35, 46) -- (36-45, 46) T / F (.301) (1.914) (5.97) 32

33 理類年 ( ) 理領度 P * * Tukey M-W 行理行 T / F ( ) (23.127) (16.281) (12.889) (21.208) (5.80) P <.000 *.001 *.005 * <.000 *.12 (,) Tukey ( 行,) M-W ( 行,) (,) ( 行,) ( 行,) ( 行,) ( 行,) 3 年年年年 T / F ( ) (24.586) (14.720) (49.009) (28.31) P <.000 * <.000 *.002 * <.000 *.00 * (3, 4-6) Tukey (3, 4-6) (3, 4-6) (3, 4-6) (3, 4-6) (3, 7-9) M-W (3, 7-9) (3, 7-9) (3, 7-9) (3, 7-9) (4-6,7-9) T / F ( ) (6.681) (1.622) (1.632) (.141) P.01 * * Tukey M-W T / F (5.274) (5.331) (.863) (1.335) (.41) -- 33

34 理 ( ) 理領度 P.022 *.021 * Tukey M-W T / F (32.246) (19.002) (7.168) (21.970) (12.88) ( ) 類 P <.000 * <.000 *.007 * <.000 * <.000 * Tukey M-W 1 -- 不行 2 Tukey 異 3 不異力理福利練歷女 T / F ( ) (.542) (5.45) (.61) P * *.43 Tukey M-W T / F ( ) (22.02) (11.84) P <.000 * 0<.000 *.01 * Tukey -- (,) (,) (, ) 34

35 力理福利練 M-W (,) (,) (,) 年 (,) (,) (, ) T / F ( ) (8.055) (3.29) (7.69) P.045 * * Tukey (25, 26-35) (25, 36-45) M-W (26-35, 46) (36-45, 46) T / F (4.614) (.68) (4.00) ( ) 狀 P.032 * *.04 * Tukey M-W 類年行理行 T / F ( ) (3.243) (11.84) (5.72) P.356 <.000 * *.12 Tukey M-W -- (,) ( 行,) (,) -- 3 年年年年 T / F ( ) (33.645) (21.18) (39.86) P <.000* <.000* <.000 * <.000 * 35

36 力理福利練 (3, 4-6) (3, 4-6) Tukey (3, 4-6) (3, 7-9) (3, 4-6) (3, 7-9) M-W (3, 7-9) (3,10) (3, 7-9) (3,10) (4-6,7-9) T / F ( ) (3.216) (.304) (27.643) (.68) P <.000 *.40 Tukey M-W T / F ( ) (.001) (8.74) (.456) P * *.50 Tukey M-W T / F (7.517) (28.28) (19.90) ( ) 類 P.006 * <.000 * <.000* <.000 * Tukey M-W 1 -- 不行 2 不異 36