88 12 103 126 * ** Track Diplomacy * **
104 1 1998 William Perry 2 1998a 1998 1998 1 2 William Perry
88 12 105 1998 3 1998 1998 1998 4 1998 1998a 1998 1998a Track II Diplomacy Institute of Psychiatry and Foreign Affairs William Davidson Joseph Montville 1981-1982 155 3 4
106 Freud 5 crucial juncture 6 155 Volkan Montville Julius 1991 supplemental diplomacy citizen summitry unofficial diplomacy Saunders, 1991: 49-50, 56-57 Volkan, 1988 5 6 Saunders, 1991: 44 confidence-building Volkan, 1991a: 10 critical juncture Volkan, 1991a: 12
88 12 107 Volkan, 1991a: 15 Montville, 1991: 163 Volkan, 1991b: 216 Azar, 1991: 106; Arndt, 1991 Montville, 1991: 171-74 Kelman 1991: 153
108 7 civil society 8 Shils, 1991: 3 Shils, 1991: 6-7 9 Shils, 1991: 9 7 8 9 Saunders 1991: 62 1998 Shils pluralism 1991: 9 Larry Diamond 1994
88 12 109 10 11 12 Mitchell, 1991; Bendix et al 1992 1998b 10 Perry Kissinger 11 12
110 1997 1996 1997 Chao & Myers, 1997 1997
88 12 111 13 Ling & Shih, 1998 14 1996 15 16 13 1998 36-39 1998 137-62 14 1998 15 1998b 16
112 17 1996 18 19 20 17 1996 18 1998 19 1998 14 20 dialogue and linkage 1998
88 12 113 21 22 21 1998a 1998 1998 22
114 1996 23 24 23 24 Gramsi
88 12 115 25 Cassidy Companies, Inc. 1996 26 1997 25 1998 1998 26 1998
116 27 1998 1998 1998 27 Perry 1998
88 12 117 28 28
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88 12 119 1998 1996 1998 1998a 1998b 1996 Vol.11 No.1 12 3-13 1998a 1998b
120 1996 Vol.35 No. 2 2 15-39 1998 1998 1998 1998 1997 No.171 8 19 6-7 1997 No.171 8 18 2-3 1996 Vol.35 No.12 12 1-18 1998 1998
88 12 121 1998 23-60 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998a 1998b 1996 1998 1997 1998
122 1998 1998 1998 1998 11.7 1998 Arndt, Richard T. 1991 Cultural Diplomacy: Nurturing Critical Junctures, in V. Volkan, J. Montville and D. Julius (eds.), pp. 25-40. Azar, Edward E. 1991 The Analysis and Management of Protracted Conflict, in V. Volkan, J. Montville and D. Julius (eds.), pp. 93-120. Bendix, John et al 1992 Going beyond the State, American Political Science Review Vol 86, No.4 (December): 1007-1021. Chao, Linda and Ramon Myers 1997 Democracy s New Leaders in the Republic of China on Taiwan (Stanford: Hoover Institution). Davidson, William D. and Joseph V. Montville
88 12 123 1981-1982. Foreign Policy Accroding to Freud, Foreign Policy (Winter) : 145-57. Diamond, Larry. 1994 Rethinking Civil Society: Toward Democratic Consolidation, Journal of Democracy Vol. 5, No. 3 (July): 4-17. Kelman, Herbert C. 1991 Interactive Problem Solving: The Uses and Limits of a Therapeutic Model for the Resolution of International Conflicts, in V. Volkan, J. Montville and D. Julius (eds.), pp. 145-60. Ling, Lily and Chih-yu Shih 1998 Confucianism with a Liberal Face: The Meaning of Democratic Politics in Postcolonial Taiwan, The Review of Politics Vol60, No.1 (Winter): 55-82. Mitchell, Timothy 1991 The Limits of the State, American Political Science Review Vol 85, No.1 (March): 77-96. Monville, Joseph V. 1991 Pyschoanalytic Enlightenment and the Greening of Diplomacy, in V. Volkan, J. Montville and D. Julius (eds.), pp. 177-92. Shils, Edward. 1991 The Virtue of Civil Society, Government and Opposition Vol. 26, No. 1 (Winter): 3-20. Saunders, Harold H. 1991 Officials and Citizens in International Relationships, in V. Volkan, J. Montville and D. Julius (eds.), pp.41-69. Volkan, Vamik D., Joseph V. Montville, and Demetrios A. Julius (eds.) 1991 The Psychodynamics of International Relationship II: Unofficial Diplomacy at Work (Lexington: Lexington
124 Books, 1990). Volkan, Vamit D. 1988 The Need to Have Enemies and Allies (Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson). Volkan, Vamik D. 1991b Official and Unofficial Diplomacy: An Overview, in V. Volkan, J. Montville and D. Julius (eds.), pp. 1-16. Volkan, Vamik D. 1991c Psychological Processes in Unofficial Diplomacy Meetings, in V. Volkan, J. Montville and D. Julius (eds.), pp. 207-22.
88 12 125 The State and Society in Taiwan s Second-track Diphomacy: A Discursive Analysis Chih-yu Shih & Ginger C. Hwang Abstract Second-track diplomacy is aimed at providing a non-state, and thus less competitive, environment for professionals, primarily academics, from countries in dispute to brainstorm one another for creative solutions to chronic conflict. The unstated assumption that participants have independent roles outside of state, which support them to be caring human beings, carries strong liberal legacy. This paper shows that when this assumption fails to hold, as in Taiwan and China, the meaning of the second track diplomacy to those involved would be dramatically different. The interactions facilitated along the second tracks would have little impacts on conflict resolution. Key words: second-track diplomacy, state and society, Chinese political culture, civil society
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