Practice Exploration and Theoretical Innovation of China s Poverty Alleviation: 1978~2016 : 100875 Zhang Qi Feng Danmeng Abstract: Since the Reform and Opening -up China s poverty alleviation system is improving gradually and the governance capacity is increasing step by step. The poor population has been decreased obviously the benefits of the poor have expanded living standards and quality have been promoted constantly. The essential experiences of poverty alleviation are through: poverty standards upgrade timely and the practice of multidimensional poverty standard the poverty alleviation effect with the development of regional linkage policy the cooperation of social security and poverty alleviation the large pattern of poverty alleviation with the combination of special poverty alleviation industry poverty alleviation and social poverty alleviation the improvement of poverty alleviation mechanism with endogenous development and exogenous driving the innovation and action of green ecological and low carbon poverty reduction the application of the theory and practice of development-oriented poverty alleviation etc. Poverty reduction will still remain as a common mission for all countries around the world after China eliminates all poor population based on the current standards poverty-striken counties and overall poverty. By then China s poverty alleviation will focus more on the relative poverty and low income groups. Key words: outcomes of Reform and Opening -up poverty alleviation poverty reduction governance shareable development * : ( :15AZD074)
2020 7 ; ; ; ()1978~1985 : 1978~1985 : ( ) : 1984 3214 1978 1.3 14% 73.9% 176.4% 87.8% 2.97 [1] 15.5% 1978~1985 264 192 2.5 1.25 7 33% 14.8%
18 592 ()1986~1994 : 1994 1978~1985 (1994~ 2000 ) 592 : 1986 : ; 1986~1994 1.25 8000 640 14.8% 8.7% 206 484 699 331 [2] : 1986 5 16 ()1995~2000 : : 1986 331 1995~2000 368 ;1987
()2001~2010 : 21 2003 1994 3 (1994~2000 ) 7 8000 1992 1995 21 1997 2001 5 1996 (200l~2010 ) 9 21 21 10 : 1998 2006 2003 2000 2007 2000 8000 3209 8.7% 3.4% 20
1.4 2000~2010 9422 2688 71.5%2/3 (2011~2020 ) 10.2% 2.8% 7.4 ( 1) ()2011 : 2020 2013 GDP 2011 9.5% 2015 6.9% 2014 2011 : 2300 GDP 2000 2600 1 2000~2010 () ( ) (%) (%) 2000 865 9422 10.2 2001 872 9030 9.8 4.2 2002 869 8645 9.2 4.3 2003 882 8517 9.1 1.5 2004 924 7587 8.1 10.9 2005 944 6432 6.8 15.22 2006 958 5698 6.0 11.41 2007 1067 4320 4.6 24.18 2008 1067 4007 4.2 7.25 2009 1196 3597 3.8 10.23 2010 1274 2688 2.8 25.27 :
88% 77.7% 71.4% 2016~2018 40 3 2015 2020 ( () ) 40 1986 2001 2011 5575 5.7% 2010 11.5 2014 : 99.5% 1984 82.3% 81.5% () 94.1% [3] 1985 1990 1994 1997 2014 14 1998 3518 2013 15%; 17.1% 2.9 2000 2009
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( ) [5] () () [6] 20 80 1978 1985 : 125 1985 1980 1999 2000 2001 2006 2012 80% 2005 2006 5
( ) 2000~2010 10 8.8% 2.5% 20.6% 6.1% 2011 (2011~2020 ) 11 20 80 18 50% () 2014 2014 14 3518 2013 623 15% 14.94% 20.6%20.5% 2014 14 2013 12.9% 3.7 12 2000 2000 2009 :
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20 80 90 1993~2000 500 [7] 28% 2001 1949~1978 20 80 (1994~2000 ) (2001~2010 ) (2011~2020 ) : () 2012 310 592 1996
394 [8] 2014 [9] 10 12 1/3 3200 15% 3300 + [10] + [11] 5 100 100 100 100 100 100 2014 : () 2020 2015 363 40 680 2001~2010 132 286 ; 231
40 1. [12] : ; ; ; ( ) 2.
2013 40 14 95% 40 5000 40 () : 2014 13.68 2014 7017 5.13% : 40
[13] 40 () : 40 2020 2020 5575 2020 1978 (2011~2020 ) 2005 91 2020 2020 2020 2010 2300 ( )
2015 1.9 [2]Riskin C.. Chinese Rural Poverty: Marginal- ized or Dispersed. American Economic Review 1994 84(2):pp.281~284. [3] : 2015 2015 127 2020 [4] : Rasch 2015 6 81~83 [5] : : 1989~2009 2014 6 88~101 [6] : 2015 2009 7 2015 9 193 132~139 2030 2016 1 [7] : 1 2014 4 9 17 [8] : : 2012 12 60~ 63 [9] : 2014 2015 5~10 [10] : 2001 10 37~40 [11] : 2001 5 Reform 43~45 [1] [13] : : 2004 3 1~21 90 2011 367 [12] : 2015 ( : )