104 11 4 281-306 2015 80% 2000 2004 2002
282 2001 Foulke, 1991 Nolan Kederis 1969 Lowenfeld, Abel, & Hatlen, 1974
283 Wormsley, 2000 Stocker Walton 1967 Modern Methods of Teaching Braille Stocker, 1970 Weiss 1980 1989 Willoughby Duffy Davidson Koppenhaver 1993 Wormsley 2000 - - Wormsley, 2000
284 2004 Moore, Graves, & Patterson, 1997 2011 1995 2000 2000 1997 2004 2007 Allen 1988
285 Lowenfeld, 1975 2000 1 32 10 2005 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2009 Dahlberg 1995
286 1 20 50 1 42 16 36 16 41 35 49 25 47 34 48 21 47 24 42 42 2004 2003 8 100
287 Atlas P1.224:228 224 228 2004 1. open coding Atlas 2. axial coding Atlas 3. selective coding
288 2001 1996 P7.196:211 P1.224:228 P6.131:166 P3.192:204 P2.118:129
289 2003 2001 2002
290
291 P5.263:270 P3.222:236 P7.298:302 P1.278:284 P2.282:298
292 P4.304:308 P8.356:370 P4.304:308 P6.374:388 P3.164:170 program progr program P5.436:444 P1.392:396 P7.180:188 P8.452:463
293 P7.196:211 P1.224:228 P2.444:477 P2.522:550 P5.458:476 P6.494:528 P4.590:610 P3.222:236 P8.260:288
294 P5.82:117 P1.62:72 P6.131:166 P3.192:204 P2.118:129 P5.120:152 P7.192:248 P8.136:167
295 P2.118:129 P1.212:254 skill P5.298:302 P8.120:152 P6.90:99 P3.192:204 P1.214:230 P4.222:236
296 P5.148:167 on off P6.187:225 P7.84:104 P4.136:146 P8.14:30 123 135 P2.132:174 P6.90:99 P1.55:74 P7.214:230
297 P3.187:225 Wormsley, 2000 CD
298 Wormsley, 2004 Facebook
299
300 2002 23 1-23 2000 T. J. Carroll 1961 2011 2000 14 3-30 2000 2001 R. C. Bogdan & S. K. Biklen Qualitative research in education: An introduction to theory and methods 157-218 1995 1 169-200 2001A. Strauss & J. Corbin 2004 1996 2009 34 3 47-80 2004 2004 2001 46 9-11 2000 2000 19 59-78 2003 2002 2002 377-390 2007 95 14
301 2005 2002 2004 Allen, M. (1988). Adjustment of adults to a visual impairment: Preliminary findings. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED310 572). Dahlberg, K. (1995). Qualitative methodology as caring science methodology. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Science, 9, 187-191. Davidson, J., & Koppenhaver, D. (1993). Adolescent literacy: What works and why (2nd ed.). New York: Garland. Foulke, E., (1991). Braille. In M. A. Heller, & W. Schiff (Eds.), The Psychology of Touch (pp. 219-233). Hillsdale, NS: Lawrence Erlbaum Associated Publishers. Lowenfeld, B., Abel, G. L., & Hatlen, P. H. (1974). Blind children learn to read. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. Lowenfeld, B. (1975). The Changing Status of the Blind: From separation to integration. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. Moore, J. E., Grave, W. H., & Patterson J. B. (Eds) (1997). Foundation of rehabilitation counseling with persons who are blind or visually impaired. NY: AFB Press. Nolan, C. Y., & Kederis, C. J (1969). Perceptual factors in Braille word recognition. New York, NY: American Foundation for the Blind. Stocker, C., & Walton, M. J. (1967). Exploring a more efficient method of teaching Braille. New Outlook for the Blind, 61(5), 151-154. Stocker, C. S. (1970). Methods for improvement of listening efficiency in individuals with visual impairment: Final report. Topeka, Kansas: Division of Services for the Blind and Visually Handicapped, Kansas State Department of Social Welfare. Weiss, J. (1980). Braille and limited language skills. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 74(2), 81-82. Willoughby, D. M., & Duffy, S. L. M. (1989). Handbook for itinerant and resource teachers of blind and visually impaired students. Baltimore, MD: National Federation of the Blind. Wormsley, D. P. (2000). Braille literacy curriculum. Philadelphia, PA: Towers Press of Overbrook School for the Blind. Wormsley, D. P. (2004). Braille Literacy: A Functional Approach. New York: AFB Press, American Foundation for the Blind.
302 Guo-Yan Huang is an Associate Professor of Department of Special Education, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu, Taiwan. 103 08 21 103 12 03 103 12 30
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National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Journal of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences 2015, 11(4), 281-306 PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT OF BRAILLE LEARNING FOR PEOPLE WITH ADVENTITIOUS BLINDNESS Guo-Yan Huang Department of Special Education, National Hsinchu University of Education ABSTRACT This study attempted to investigate the problems of those suffering from adventitious blindness s psychological adjustment to Braille learning. This study provided suggestions for those problems to help the visually impaired. We selected eight individuals living with adventitious blindness in New Taipei city as the target for the study. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and document collection with the blind. This study employed grounded theory to analyze the data. We found that those with adventitious blindness would meet two problems when they tried to adjust their attitude to being blind: (1) the barrier of self-acceptance; (2) the limitation that is caused by Braille-reading s slow speed. Furthermore, this study also revealed five supports for psychological adjustment: (1) self-identity; (2) carelessness of others; (3) needs for Braille learning; (4) media for independence; (5) attitude of significant others. Based on the results, this study tried to provide propositions for those obstacles to help those with adventitious blindness to solve them. Keywords: braille learning, psychological adjustment, visual impairments