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3 Darwinism Aestheticism Movement Oscar Wilde decadents Art for Art s Sake Gene Bell-Villada Art For Art s Sake and Literary Life T. Gautier 1 1 With the massive changes in literary reproduction and distribution, most poets were selling verbal 2

4 decadent aesthetic aesthetics 18 Alexander skills-though not their poetry-on the industrial literary market. While their personal passions and chief talents may have been in verse, lyric, art became a kind of adjunct activity to their breadwinning chores in journalism or related field. Today we think of Gautier as a poet, but his complete verse occupies only two volumes, while his journalism, if compiled, would probably fill two hundred. Gene Bell-Villada, Art For Art Sake and Literary Life, (University of Nebraska, Bison Books, 1998), Pp

5 Baumgarten aisthesis 5 fin-de-siècle (Aesthetic Movement) Art for Art s Sake 1990 Academic American Encyclopedia Grolier International EncyclopediaFin-de-siecle (Sigmund Freud) (Arnold Schoenberg) (Secession Movement) Hugo Von Hofmannsthal 6 The Dictionary of Art (decadence) 7 5 Concise Encyclopedia Britannica, Vienna is the city most closely associated with the notions implied by the phrase fin de siécle, however, because Viennese culture achieved particular international renown at that time as exemplified by Sigmund Freud, Arnold Schoenberg, the Secession Movement, and Hugo von Hofmannsthal. 7 The term also indicates the willful rejection of contemporary social and artistic norms by rebellious individuals or groups seeking to bring attention to themselves or to their causes. Such rejection can be retrogressive; the Arts and Crafts Movements sought to reverse the apparent decline in the arts caused by the Industrial Revolution by going back to the pure work of the individual artisan. Jane Turner (ed.), The Dictionary of Art, (N.Y.: Grove, 1996), p

6 A Dictionary of Literary and Thematic Terms 8 (Aesthetic Movement) (Arts and Crafts Movement) A Dictionary of Literary Terms 9 8 the artist should experience with new sensations, including sexual deviation and drug use, all in the name of achieving a distinctive artistic vision. Edward Quinn, A Dictionary of Literary and Thematic Terms, (N.Y.: Facts on File), 2000, p :"Art for art s sake" was the catch-phrase of Aestheticism. Art is viewed as the supreme human achievement, and it should be subservient to no moral, political, didactic or practical purpose: its purpose is to exist solely for the sake of its own beauty. It can be judged only by aesthetic criteria. During the later phase of Aestheticism some of its more extreme tents, in particular the notion that life was opposed to art, were exaggerated, giving rise to the movement called decadence. Martin Gray, A Dictionary of Literary Terms, (Longman: Singapore, 1994), p.11. 5

7 10 Art for Art s Sake 11 (Paul Verlaine) (Arthur Rimbaud) Total Eclipse

8 Arthur Rimbaud

10 21 22 Prono Exoticism 23 Porno

11 10 realism

13 super-realism Surrèalisme

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31 :, 66 Introduction to Sung Poetry Yoshikawa Kojiro, Burton Watson (Translator), Harvard University Press, January 1967, 75 Five Hundred Years of Chinese Poetry, : The Chin, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties Yoshikawa Kojiro, John T. Wixted (Translator), Princeton University Press, December [ ] (.) 3, 4-5,. (.) 6,7, 8-11, (I-IV) 12, 13,14, () 15, ().16, , (.) 19, 20,

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明新學報第31期

明新學報第31期明新學報 31 期 pp.37-55 Volume 31, Ming Hsin Journal, October 2005 李商隱審美觀之形成及其理論初探陳靜芬明新科技大學通識教育部摘要唐代詩歌雲蒸霞蔚, 詩人各擅其場, 李商隱是晚唐詩壇最後的絕響, 在深美閎約的詩歌花