1980 ( ) 1980,, 1980, 1982,,, 1985,, 20 10,,, ( ) , , 1982, (1901) (1902) ( ), ( 1500 ) 70,, 1995, 25 4, 20, (henri2 etta Harrison),

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1 May Studies in Qing History No12 : [ ],, [ ] [ ] K82 [ ] A [ ] (2005) Possessing Unrecognized Talent : The Pathway of the Country Gentleman Liu Dapeng s Whole Life Liu Dapeng was a country gentleman whose lifetime spanned both the Qing Dynasty and Republican Era1 Liu took part in the imperial exam five times and taught at a private school for twenty years1 He was a farmer and a businessman for many years in his home town after the abolishment of the imperial exam system1 In this study, the author breaks with the convention of question consciousness, using the method of historical narration to outline the track of the Liu Da - Peng s entire life1 : ;,,,,,, (1891), (1942), 51 32, 20, : 50,,,,, [ ] [ ] (1958 ),, ;

2 1980 ( ) 1980,, 1980, 1982,,, 1985,, 20 10,,, ( ) , , 1982, (1901) (1902) ( ), ( 1500 ) 70,, 1995, 25 4, 20, (henri2 etta Harrison), ,, : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ),,, : ( 2002 ),,,,

3 ,,,,,,, ,,,,,, : ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, 9, 23,,,, (1894),, 1894,,,,,,,, 12,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1895,,,,,,,, ;,,, ;,,,,,,, 71

4 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,, 72,, :,!,! ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1938,, 82,,,,, 1895,,,,,,,,,

5 ,,,,,, 1897,,,,, gλϖ 1898,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gλω,,,,,,,,,, gλξ, 1901, 1902, gλψ 1903,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gλζ,,, 1895,, :,,,? gλ{,, : gλ,, gλ},, gλ, (, ),, 73

6 gµυ,,,,,,,,,,, gµϖ,, ,,,, gµω : gµξ gµψ,,, gµζ,,,,, :,,,,, gµ{ 1892,, ,,, , :,,,,, gµ,,,,, :,? gµ}, :,,,,,, gµ,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,! gνυ,,,,,,,,!,,,

7 :,,,, gνϖ,,,, gνω :,,,,,,,,, : ( ),,,,,! gνξ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gνψ,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gνζ ,,, gν{, 1906,,,,?,, gν,,, 1907,,,,,, , 1913,,,,,, gν} 1914,,, :,,,,,,, gν 75

8 ,, 1931, gου :,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,, gοϖ,,,,? 1913,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,, gοω,,,, gοξ 76, gοψ,,,,,!,,,,,, gοζ, 1921,,, gο{ 1914,,,,,,,,,,, 1908, 1911, 1913,,, gο, 1908, (1884) gο}, gο

9 1915,, 1917,,, 1926, ( ),,, (1925),,, 1929,,,,,, gπψ 1934,,,,,,, ,, gπυ 1902,,, 1913, 2 7,, ,,,,,,, gπϖ,,, gπω,,,,,, gπξ,,,,,,,,,,!, :,,,,,,, ,,,, gπζ,, 1908,,, gπ{,,,, 1914,, 1930, 16 :,, gπ 77

10 ,,,,,, gπ}, ,,,,, gπ, gθυ 1930,,,,,,, gθϖ,, 1929, gθω,, 1929,,, 1936,, gθξ 1937,,, 1914 :,,,,,,,, : gθψ,,, 78 gθζ gθ{,,,,,,,,,, gθ,,,,, gθ},,,,, gθ,,,,,,,,,,,,, gρυ,,, gρϖ,, gρω, gρξ,,,, gρψ,,, gρζ ,,,,, gρ{,,,,,,, gρ,,

11 ,,,,,,,,, gρ},,,,,,,, 1902 gρ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, gσυ,! gσϖ,!,,,,,,, gσω,,,,, 1942,,,,,,,,, gσξ,,, gλξ gσϖ :,,,, 1990, 613 ; gλϖ gλωgλψ gλ{ gµϖ gµωgµζ gµ{ gµ gµ} gµ gνυ gνϖ gνωgνξ gνψ gνζ gν gν} gν gου gοϖ gοωgοξ gοψ gοζ gο{ gο gπυ gπϖ gπωgπξ gπψ gπζ gπ{ gπ gπ} gπ gθυ gθϖ gθωgθξ gθψ gθζ gθ{ gθ gθ} gθ gρυ gρϖ gρωgρξ gρψ gρζ gρ{ gρ gρ} gρ gσυ gσω 79

12 , :, 1990, 613 ; 35 ; ; ; ; ; 530 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 463 ; ; ; 198 ; 72 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 57 ; ; ; 191 ; 433 ; 196 ; ; 336 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 88 ; 45 ; 185 ; 190 ; 399 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 192 ; 203 ; ; ; 431 ; 495 ; 269 ; 185 ; 228 ; 239 ; ; 494 ; ; 45 ; 233 ; ; 161 ; 239 ( 1999 ),,,,,,, :, 1 53, 1961 gλζ :,, gλ :, 1999, 171 gλ} gλ :,, 1998, 260 ; 261 gµυ :, : 3, 2002, 155 gµξ gµψ gσξ, : 19, 1991, 220 ; 222 ; 220 gν{ :, gο} 384 gο 317, ,

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