臺灣與英國地方博物館政策探究

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邦镫仰
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1 McGuigan 2001 Evans McGuigan 2001 state discourse market discourse civil discourse 1 cc.tien@gmail.com 77

2 Evans 2005 Culture-led regeneration Cultural regeneration Culture and regeneration The Museums, Libraries and Archives Council MLA Renaissance in the Regions DCMS, 1999 National Museum Directors, Conference Stephen, Porter access

3 McGuigan 2001 McGuigan McGuigan McGuigan 2003 McGuigan 2001 Porter, 1995 Stevenson, Betterton 2001 LGA, 2000 Evans

4 1. McGuigan 2001 Betterton 2001 Evans 2005 Myerscough Herreman Heilbrun & Gray equality argument Baumol & Bowen 1966 inequality of opportunity citizenship Lin, 2008 Bourdieu Darbel Schnapper 1990 Sandell

5 McGuigan identity Myerscough 1988 Heilbrun & Gray 2001 equity argumentbaumol & Bowen 1966 McGuigan 2001 MLA

6 : ;

7 The Third Way Anthony Giddens Giddens Tony Blair Department for Culture, Media and Sport DCMS access excellence education economic value Smith, 1998 DCMS Chris Smith Brighton,

8 DCMS Chris Smith Task Force MLA, 2001 MLA Renaissance in the Regions England MLA MLA DCMS non-departmental public body, NDPB MLA arm, s length principle social inclusion Regional Hubs9North East North West Yorkshire East Midlands West Midlands East of England London South East South West Regional Hub Regional Agencies and Museum Development Offices MLA

9 4 McGuigan 2001 McGuigan ; 2007 Evans McGuigan

10 DCMS MLA ) ) 2003 By Culture (2): (3): (1): (3): Baumol, W. J. & Bowen, W. G., A survey of American and British audiences for the performing arts. In: Blaug, M. (Ed.), The Economics of the Arts, pp London: Martin Robertson & Company. Betterton, J., Culture and urban regeneration: The case of Sheffield, sub-regional commentary. S. Yorkshire, 11. Bourdieu, P., Darbel, A. & Schnapper, D., The Love of Art: European Art Museums and Their Public. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Brighton, A., Towards a command culture: New Labour, s cultural policy and soviet socialist realism. Critical Quarterly, 41(3): DCMS, Efficiency and Effectiveness of Government-sponsored Museums and Galleries: Measurement and Improvement. Consolidated Report. UK: Department for Culture, Media and Sport. Evans, G., Measure for measure: Evaluating the evidence of culture, s contribution to regeneration. Urban Studies, 42(5/6):

11 Heilbrun, J. & Gray, C. M., The Economics of Art and Culture, 2 nd ed. UK: Cambridge University Press. Herreman, Y., Museums and Tourism: New Approaches LGA, A Change of Scene: The Challenge of Tourism in Regeneration. London: Local Government Association. Lin, Y. N., 2008 Admission charges and public museums. International Journal of Arts Management, 10(2): McGuigan, J., Three discourses of cultural policy. In: Stevenson, N. (Ed.), Culture & Citizenship, pp London: Sage. MLA, Renaissance in the Regions: A New Vision for England, s Museums. UK: The Museums, Libraries and Archives Council. Myerscough, J., The Economic Importance of the Arts in Britain. London: Policy Studies Institute. NMDC, Manifesto for Museums: Building Outstanding Museums for the 21st Century. UK: National Museum Directors, Conference. Porter, M. E., The competitive advantage of the inner city. Harvard Business Review, May/June: Sandell, R. (Ed.), Museums and the Combating of Social Inequality: Roles, Responsibilities, Resistance. London: Routledge. Smith, C., Creative Britain. London: Faber and Faber. Stephen, A., The contemporary museum and leisure: Recreation as a museum function. Museum Management and Curatorship, 19(3): Stevenson, D., Civic gold, rush: Cultural planning and the politics of the third way. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 10(1):

12 Museology Quarterly, 22(4): Comparison of Local Museum Policies in Taiwan and the UK Chieh-Ching Tien* Abstract McGuigan (2001) points out that there are three main discourses in cultural policy: state discourse, market discourse and civil discourse, and that all of these dimensions are inherent in the government, s approach to cultural policy. Other scholars have analyzed the impact of cultural activities from different perspectives. For example, Evans (2005) shows that cultural activities are merged into three regeneration models: culture-led regeneration, cultural regeneration, and culture and regeneration, all of which possess common viewpoints whether from political, economic or social aspects for discussing the position and role of culture. This article aims to compare the local museum policies in Taiwan with those of the UK. Specifically, they include Planning of Local Museums, Phases I & II of the Council for Cultural Affairs, Taiwan, and Renaissance in the Regions of the MLA, UK. The purpose is to understand which cultural policies center on which discourse type. From the analysis, Taiwan, s local museum policy stresses all three discourses. On the other hand, the UK, s local museum policy focuses mainly on civil discourse. Indeed, museum policies should stress civil discourse over other types of discourses. Keywords: local museums, museum policy * PhD. Student, Graduate School of Art-Culture Policy and Management, National Taiwan University of Arts; cc.tien@gmail.com 89

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收費或不收費？國立博物館門票政策探究 2001 2008 27 55 Merriman 1991 Bailey 1997; 1998 House of Commons 1989a O, Hagan 1995 Anderson 1998 House of Commons 1989b 1997 Department of Culture, Media and Sport, DCMS 2001 2008 6 18 1 2008 1 23 2