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1 2014 9, 21(5): Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 研究论文 DOI: /SP.J , 彭晓珍 3 1, 2,, 李大鹏 3 1,, 郭威 3 1,, 亓成龙 3 1, 3, 曹静静 1., ; 2., ; 3., 摘要 : (22±2), 8, (Poria) (Radix Paeoniae Alba) (Herba Houttuyniae) (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) (137.61±22.26) g (Acipenser schrenckii) : ( ) ( 44 cm, 50 cm), 8, 3, 0%( ) 0.5% 1% 2%, 3, 0.5%, ( g % 2.19%/d 75.59%), (P<0.05) 1%, (P<0.05), 0.5% 1% (P<0.05) (P<0.05) 2%, (P<0.05) 0.5% (P<0.05); 0.5%~1% (P<0.05) : ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 中图分类号 : S963 文献标志码 : A 文章编号 : (2014) ,,,,, [1], [2], (Carassius auratus gibelio) [3], (Cyprinus carpio), [4], (Paralichthys olivaceus) [5], (Oreochromis niloticus) [6] (Acipenser schrenckii),, [7],,,, [8 9] 收稿日期 : ; 修订日期 : 基金项目 : (2012BAD25B06); (2013PY024); ( ); (2012FFA029). 作者简介 : (1989 ),,, @163.com 通信作者 :,,,. ldp@mail.hzau.edu.cn

2 974 21, [10 11], (Poria) (Radix Paeoniae Alba) (Herba Houttuyniae) (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei),,,,, (137.61±22.26) g,, ( 44 cm, 50 cm),, (7.0±0.5) mg/l, (22±2), ph (7.5±0.2),,, 40, ,, [12] 1 0.1% Cr 2 O 3, 0.5% 1% 2%, 3 mm , 0%( ) 0.5% 1% 2% 3, 8 7: 30 13: 00 18: 00, 30 min,,,, 13 d 1, 8, 3, 2 ml, r/min 30 min, 80, 3,, 70, (food conversion ratio, FCR)=F/ (W t W 0 ); (weight gain rate, WGR, %)=(W t W 0 ) 100/W 0 ; (specific growth rate, SGR, %/d)= (lnw t lnw 0 ) 100/t; (protein efficiency ratio, PER, %)= (W t W 0 ) 100/F P [12] 表 1 基础饲料配方及主要营养成分 Tab. 1 Ingredients and nutrition of foundation diets [12] ingredient /% content nutrient component /% content white fishmeal crude protein red fishmeal crude lipid 9.13 soybean meal ash α- α-starch moisture yeast meal 5.00 plant oil 4.00 vitamin mineral premix 2.00 choline chloride 0.40 Cr 2 O total

3 5 : 975, W 0 (g); W t (g); F (g); P (%); t (d) 1.5, (T 4 ) (ACP) (TG) (GHOL) (HDL) (LDL) (ALT) (AST) (LDH) (TP) (ALB) (GLO) Abbott Aeroset 1.6 TAS- 986 Cr, (GB ), Cr 100%, [13] (D) : (%)=100 [1 ( Cr 2 O 3 / Cr 2 O 3 ) ( / )] (%)=100 [1 ( Cr 2 O 3 / Cr 2 O 3 )] 1.7 ± ( x ±SD), SPSS 18.0 (One-way ANO- VA), Duncan s, ( 2, 3) 0.5%,, 0.5% (P<0.05) 0.5% FCR PER, FCR PER (P>0.05) (SGR) (D) : SGR=0.0353D (r 2 =0.7772, P<0.05) 2.2 CHOL TG (P<0.05), LDL HDL (P>0.05, 4) 0.5% 1% ALT AST LDH (P>0.05), 2% 3 (P<0.05) 1% ACP, 0.5% 2% 表 2 药用植物添加剂对施氏鲟生长性能的影响 Tab. 2 Effects of dietary supplement with herbal additives on growth performance of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) parameter /g IW ± ± ± ±25.38 /g FW ±43.66 a ±48.54 b ±50.42 ab ±52.03 ab FCR 1.24± ± ± ±0.07 /g F ±6.84 a ±12.26 b ±23.03 ab ±15.94 a /% WGR ±16.07 a ±21.28 b ± ±23.29 ab /(% d 1 ) SGR 2.07±0.09 a 2.19±0.11 b 2.14±0.10 ab 2.08±0.12 ab /% PER ± ± ± ±13.94 : (P<0.05). Note: The means with different letters in the same row show significant differences(p<0.05).

4 Tab.3 表 3 药用植物添加剂对施氏鲟表观消化率的影响 Effects of dietary supplement with herbs on the apparent digestibility of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) parameter /% digestibility of dry matter 66.20± ± ± ±1.83 /% digestibility of CP 73.69±2.64 a 75.59±0.37 b 74.63±2.89 ab 72.31±0.58 a : (P<0.05). Note: The means with different letters in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05). (P<0.05) 0.5% 1% TP GLO 2% (P<0.05, 4) 2.3 T 4 T 4 ( 5), 0.5%, (P< 0.05); T 4, 0.5% 1% (P<0.05) 3,, [14 15] Tab.4 表 4 饲料中添加药用植物对施氏鲟血浆生化指标的影响 Effects of dietary supplement with herbs on plasma biochemical parameters of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) parameter /(mmol L 1 ) CHOL 5.00±0.84 a 4.21±0.49 b 4.40±0.22 b 4.36±0.14 b /(mmol L 1 ) TG 14.22±1.49 a 10.55±1.14 b 9.84±0.84 bc 8.28±3.17 c /(mmol L 1 ) LDL 0.99± ± ± ±0.24 /(mmol L 1 ) HDL 0.34± ± ± ±0.09 /(U L 1 ) ALT 86.44±13.31 a 78.73±13.42 a 96.37±15.62 ab 153.2±23.71 b /(U L 1 ) AST ± a ± a ± a ±57.00 b /(U L 1 ) LDH ± a ± a ± a ± b /(g L 1 ) TP 28.48±3.74 a 31.53±3.27 b 33.5±3.55 b 28.66±2.76 a /(g L 1 ) ALB 13.77± ± ± ±1.23 /(g L 1 ) GLO 14.71±2.76 a 18.58±2.68 b 19.41±2.95 b 15.28±2.37 a /(U L 1 ) ACP 22.61±2.30 a 21.49±3.70 a 26.71±3.67 b 24.40±2.97 ab : (P<0.05). Note: The means with different letters in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05). Tab. 5 表 5 药用植物添加剂对施氏鲟血浆皮质醇和甲状腺素的影响 Effects of dietary supplement with herbs on plasmacortisol levels and thyroxine (T 4 ) concentrations of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) parameter /(ng ml 1 ) cortisol 45.57±7.95 a 38.12±3.99 b 49.70±4.85 a 51.20±2.59 a /(ng ml 1 )T ±0.08 a 0.68±0.2 b 0.69±0.21 b 0.52±0.12 a : (P<0.05). Note: The means with different letters in the same row are significantly different (P<0.05).

5 5 : 977,,,, [16],,,, 0.5%, [17],,,,,,,,, [18],, ;,,,,, [19],,,, [20],,, [21 22], [23], [24 26] 0.5%,, 0.5% 1% T 4, [22] T 4 AST ALT, 0.5% 1% AST ALT, TG GHOL TG GHOL, [27 28],, 2% AST ALT LDH 3, 2% [29], ACP,,,, [30 31] 0.5% 1% ACP,,, α-

6 978 21,, TP,, [32 33] 0.5%~ 1% ACP TP GLO,,, 0.5%~1%,, 参考文献 : [1],,,. [J]., 2010, 22(4): [2] Citarasu T. Herbal biomedicines: a new opportunity for aquaculture industry [J]. Aquacult Int, 2010, 18: [3],,,. [J]., 2003, 10(1): [4],,,. [J]., 2011(12): [5],,,. [J]., 2006, 30(1): [6] Yin G J, Galina J, Timea R, et al. Effect of two Chinese herbs (Astragalus radix and Scutellaria radix) on nonspecific immune response of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus[j]. Aquaculture, 2006, 253(1/4): [7] Bemis W E, Findeis E K, Grande L. An overview of Acipenseriformes [J]. Environ Biol Fish, 1997, 48(1/4): [8],,,. [J]., 2006, 21(3): [9],. [J]., 2013(2): [10],,,. [J]., 2006, 17(8): [11]. [J]., 1992, 16(1): [12],,. [M]. :, 2001: [13],,. [J]., 2000(6): [14] Citarasu T, Babu M M, Sekar J R R, et al. Developing Artemia enriched herbal diet for producing quality larvae in Penaeus monodon, Fabricius [J]. Asian Fish Sci, 2002(15): [15] Sivaram V, Babu M M, Citarasu T, et al. Growth and immune response of juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio harveyi infections [J]. Aquaculture, 2004, 237(1/4): [16],,,. [J]., 2008, 17(8): [17],,,. 5 [J]., 2004, 19 (1): [18],,. [M].. :, 2010: 24 26, 67, [19],. [J]., 2007, 34(3): [20],,. 3 [J]., 2011(8): , 311. [21] Xie J, Liu B, Zhou Q L, et al. Effects of anthraquinone extract from rhubarb Rheum officinale Baill on the crowding stress response and growth of common carp Cyprinus carpio var. jian [J]. Aquaculture, 2008, 281 (1/4): [22],,,. C HSP70s mrna [J]., 2010, 34(09): [23] Narayana K R, Reddy M S, Chaluvadi M R, et al. Bioflavonoids classification, pharmacological, biochemical effects and therapeutic potential [J]. Indian J Pharmacol, 2001, 33(1): [24] Daria D S, Malgorzata L G, Anna A, et al. The effect of high dose of cortisol on glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase activity, and glucose and fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate concentration in carp tissues (Cyprinus carpio L.)[J]. Comp Biochem Physiol, 2003, 135(3): [25] Vijayan M M, Pereira C, Grau G E, et al. Metabolic responses associated with confinement stress in tilapia: the role of cortisol[j]. Comp Biochem Physiol, 1997, 116(l): [26] Davis K B, Torrance P, Parker N C, et al. Growth, body composition and hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase activity in cortisol-fed channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque[J]. J Fish Biol, 1985, 27(2): [27] Anthony M S, Clarkson T B, Williams J K. Effects of soy isoflavones on atherosclerosis: potential mechanisms [J]. Am J Clin Nutr, 1998(68): 1390S.

7 5 : 979 [28],,. [J]., 2000, 31(3): [29],,,. [J]. :, 2012, 40(3): [30],,,. [J]., 1999, 30(3): [31],,,. [J]., 1999, 29(3): [32] Magnadottir B. Innate immunity of fish (overview) [J]. Fish Shellfish Immunol, 2006, 20: [33] Dugenci S K, Arda N, Candan A. Some medicinal plants as immunostimulant for fish[j]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2003, 88: Effects of dietary supplemention of medicinal plants(poria, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Herba Houttuyniae and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) on growth performance and plasma biochemical characteristics in Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) PENG Xiaozhen 1, 3, LI Dapeng 1, 2, 3, GUO Wei 1, 3, QI Chenglong 1, 3, CAO Jingjing 1, 2 1. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan , China; 2. Life Science College, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde , China; 3. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan , China Abstract: We evaluated the effects of dietary supplement with herbs on growth performance and plasma biochemical characteristics of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii). A compound herbal additive, containing Poria, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Herba Houttuyniae, and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, was added into the basal feed of Acipenser schrenckii. Amur sturgeon were assigned to one of four treatment groups (n=8 fish/group, initial body weight: ±22.26 g) and fed a diet supplemented with 0% (control), 0.5%, 1%, or 2% of the herbal additive for 8 weeks. Each treatment group was conducted in triplicate. Fish were fed to apparent satiation three times daily. We measured growth, plasma biochemical profiles, plasma hormone levels, and immune-related indicators. The body weight of each fish was measured every thirteen days during the experimental period. The weight gain rate(wgr), specific growth rate(sgr), and digestibility (D) were significantly higher in the 0.5% group than in the control group (P<0.05). However, the SGR and WGR of fish fed diets supplemented with 1% and 2% herbal additive were not different from those in the control group (P<0.05). The highest acid phosphatase (ACP) activity was observed in fish fed a diet supplemented with 1% herbal additive (P<0.05). Plasma total protein and globulin contents were significantly higher in both the 0.5% and 1% groups than in the control group (P<0.05). Plasma concentrations of cholestenone (CHOL) and glycerin trilaurate (TG) decreased significantly in fish fed diets supplemented with the herbal additive(p<0.05). Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased significantly in fish fed 2% herbal additive(p<0.05). Supplementation with herbal additives reduced plasma cortisol levels in the 0.5% group but increased plasma T 4 levels significantly in both the 0.5% and 1% groups (P<0.05). Our results suggest that supplementation with herbal additives at a 0.5% level can improve growth performance and alleviate stress in Acipenser schrenckii. Furthermore, the medicinal plants used in this study reduced the level of blood lipid in Amur sturgeon fed the formula feed. Key words: Chinese herbs; Acipenser schrenckii; growth; Plasma; biochemical parameters; Poria; Radix Paeoniae Alba; Herba Houttuyniae; Radix et Rhizoma Rhei Corresponding author: LI Dapeng. ldp@mail.hzau.edu.cn

32期

32期中国农学通报 2014,30(32):38-42 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 中草药饲料添加剂对黄鳝性激素含量的影响 1,2 1,2 1,2 2 赵庆凯, 丁炜东, 邴旭文, 王建新 ( 1 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081; 2 中国水产