Compilation and Translation Review Vol. 8, No. 2 (September 2015), 1-30 Translators Subjectivity and Linguistic Ecology Song-ling Chyi Hundreds of def

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1 (A. Berman) (A. Pym) yslc7@mail.tku.edu.tw

2 Compilation and Translation Review Vol. 8, No. 2 (September 2015), 1-30 Translators Subjectivity and Linguistic Ecology Song-ling Chyi Hundreds of definitions of translation have been suggested over the years, but few are as intriguing as the one offered by A. Berman ( ), who said that translation is the inn of the remote of the troubadour, which receives strangers within the very heart of mother tongue. In fact, since the dawn of humankind, how many translators have helped to surmount the barriers of distance with a translation which yet provided a mere echo as if the voice of the remote, silenced by hegemony, finds its own voice? This article focuses on the ethics of translation, an approach to translation studies proposed by Berman and supported by A. Pym s methodology of translation history. Using their arguments about the translator s subjectivity, I focus on translations from other languages into Chinese around the time of China s May 4 th movement. Here I explore such questions as how, in the social, political, economic and historical contexts of that time, might Chinese translators have changed the historical discourses and trajectories of translation theory? How, then, was the translator s identity altered? Among other issues, I am especially interested in the impact at this time of the Chinese translations of foreign language texts, and of what one might call the ethics of foreignization, on the evolution of the Chinese language itself. Keywords: Translation history, ethics of foreignization, inn of the remote, hospitality, linguistic ecology Received: October 21, 2014; Revised: February 12, 2015; Accepted: June 26, 2015 Song-ling Chyi, Assistant Professor, Department of English Language and Culture, Tamkang University, yslc7@mail.tku.edu.tw

offered by A. Berman (1942-1991), who said that translation is the inn of the remote of the troubadour, which receives strangers within the very heart of mother tongue.

3 3 (interculturality) 1 1 Delisle, J. & Woodsworth, J. (1995). Translators through history. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company Venuti, L. (1995). The translator s invisibility: A history of translation. London: Routledge.

4 4 (Pym, 1998) (norms and systems) (J. Holmes) (G. Toury) (interculture) (Translation archaeology) (historical criticism) (explanation) (Pym, 1998, pp. 5-6)

5 5 (social dynamics) (practical ethics) (Pym, 1997, p. 41) (interculture) (productive) (Berman, 1995, p. 17) (méthodologie) (1) (2) (3) (Berman, 1995, pp )

6 6 (Benjamin, 2000) (ethnocentrism) (ethics of foreignization) (Berman, 1984, 1995, 1999) (the literal) (Pym, 1997, p. 7) (L Épreuve de l étranger) Bildung (simple opposition of the foreign to the proper)

7 a 1999b ( ) ( ) 4 3 (retranslation) 4

11 (intercultural)

13 (H. R. Haggard, )

14 F. Schleiermacher

16 16 譌譌 (polysemy, manifold meaning)

17 17 (1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (canon)

18 18 lying on his back 1981a

19 b

20 20 (translationese) (F. Schlegel, ) (the strangeness, Fremdheit) (the foreign, das Fremde) (Berman, 1984, pp )

21 21 (homogeneous) (the Other) (naturalise) (interpreting) (faithfulness) (linguistic transcoding) (Lefevere, pp ) (S. Bassnett)

22 22 (Berman, 1984, pp ) (insistence on foreignization) (hospitality) 2006 (retranslation)

24 24 (Herder, Goethe, Schlegel, Novalis, Humboldt, Schleiermacher, Hölderlin) Bildung Bildung

25 25 Bildung 18 Bild Urbild vorbild nachbild Bildung Bildung Bildung (Bild) Bildung (Berman, 1984, pp Bildung Bildung

26 26

27 a b

28 a b Benjamin, W. (2000). The task of the translator (H. Zohn, Trans.). In L. Venuti (Ed.), The translation studies reader (pp ). London: Routledge. (Original

29 29 work published 1923) Berman, A. (1984). L épreuve de l étranger culture et traduction dans l Allemagne romantique. Paris: Gallimard. Berman, A. (1995). Pour une critique des traductions: John Donne. Paris: Gallimard. Berman, A. (1999). La Traduction et la letter ou l auberge du lointain. Paris: Editions du Seuil. Delisle, J. & Woodsworth, J. (1995). Translators through history. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Lefevere, A. (1998). Chinese and Western thinking on translation. In S. Basnett & A. Lefevere (Eds.), Constructing cultures: Essays on literary translation (pp ). London: Multilingual Matters. Pym, A. (1997). Pour une éthique du traducteur. Arras: Artois Presses Université. Pym, A. (1998). Method in translation history. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishers. Venuti, L. (1995). The translator s invisibility: A history of translation. London: Routledge.

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