785 ~ 850 cyclopedia Information for the People Hugh Murray 779 ~ 86 8 Abraham Rees 7 ~ 85 Cyclopaedia or 5 Universal Dictionary of

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1 FUDAN JOURNAL Social Sciences 05 No M ilena Dolezelova - Velingerova R udolf G. Wagner EACS? Chinese Encyclopaedias of New G lobal Knowledge Changing W ays of Thought. Transcultural R esearch - Heidelberg Studies on Asia and Europe in a Global Context Berlin /Heidelberg Springer

Chinese Encyclopaedias of New G lobal Knowledge 870-90 Changing W ays of

2 785 ~ 850 cyclopedia Information for the People Hugh Murray 779 ~ 86 8 Abraham Rees 7 ~ 85 Cyclopaedia or 5 Universal Dictionary of Arts Sciences and Literature 5 80 ~ Abraham R ees Cyclopaedia or Universal Dictionary of A rts Sciences and Literature 5 Vols. With illustrations London Longman Hurst R ees O rme & Brow n William and R obert Chambers eds. Chambers Information for the People Being a Series of Treatises on the Branches of Human Knowledge in W hich the G reater Part of the Community A re Most Interested and Designed to Serve the Chief Uses of an Encyclopedia at a Price Beyond Example Moderate th ed. London O rr and Smith 857. Tokyo M onbusho Hugh M urray ed. The Encyclopedia of G eography Comprising a Complete Description of the Earth Physical Statistical Civil and Political Exhibiting Its Relation to the Heavenly Bodies Its Physical Structure the Natural History of Each Country and the Industry Commerce Political Institutions and Civil and Social State of all Nations Philadelphia Carey Lea and Blanchard 87. Elijah Coleman Bridgman 80 ~ 86 Samuel R obbins Brow n 8

86 986 William and R obert Chambers eds.

3 8 9 9 Brockhaus The Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge SDUK Robert Hunter ed. The American Encyclopaedic Dictionary. A Thoroughly Accurate Practical and Exhaustive W ork of Reference to All the W ords in the English Language with a Full Account of their Origin Meaning Pronunciation and Use vols. Chicago Ogilvie 89. The Penny Cyclopedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 7 vols. London Charles Knight 8-8. The Penny Magaz ine of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 8-85 Chambers's Journal 8-85 Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature Sciences and A rts Penny Chambers 8 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 997 R oland Schaer ed Tous les saviors du monde encyclopédies et bibliothèques de Sumer au XXIe siècle Paris Bibliothèque N ationale ~

The Penny Cyclopedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 7 vols. London Charles Knight 8-8.

4 ~ 87 modernization 0000 package 76 ~ Nishi Amane 89 ~ Ernest Major Lionel Giles An Alphabetical Index to the Chinese Encyclopedia London British Museum

5 99 890 5 75 88 Lionel Giles An Alphabetical Index to

5 ~ Edmund R obertson Political Economy for Use in Schools and for Private Instruction Edinburgh

6 information asymmetry 875 ~ London T. N elson & Co Chambers's Biographical Dictionary Chambers Armand David M. E. O ustalet Les Oiseaux de la Chine Paris G. M asson 877 Charles Henry Clarke Langdon ed. The China Sea Directory Comprising the Coasts of China from Hong Kong to the Korea North Coast of Luz on Formosa Island and Strait the Babuyan and Bashee and Meiaco Sima G roups. Yellow Sea G ulfs of Pe-Chili and Liau-Tung. A lso the Rivers Canton W est Min Yung Yangtse Yellow Pei Ho and Liau Ho and Pratas Island

M asson 877 Charles Henry Clarke Langdon ed.

7 9 87 ~ Singapore Free Press Wen Ching 90 The Chinese 898 Crisis from Within the Chinese Encyclopaedists Carlyle 90 The Chinese Progress The V erax The China Discussion The Reformer The W isdom G uide ~ 7 998

Chinese Progress 896-898 The V erax 898 8 The China Discussion

8 contact zone 870 ~ Wen Ching The Chinese Crisis from W ithin ed R ev. G. M. R eith London Grant R ichards 90 ~ Straits Times Chinese N ation Clive J. Christie Ideology and Revolution in Southeast A sia R ichmond Curzon Cambridge Council on East Asian Studies Harvard University 99 Douglas R eynolds ed. tr. China State-sponsored R eforms and China's Late-Q ing R evolution Armonk Sharpe a 90 b 90 90

Christie Ideology and Revolution in Southeast A sia 900-980 R ichmond Curzon 00 7.

9 87 ~ 9 Rudolf Wagner Bibliography of Chinese Encyclopaedic Works status March historical epoch nation antipodal cells

10 Chinese Encyclopaedias of New Global Knowledge Changing Ways of Thought 870 ~ An Encyclopedic Dictionary of N ew Knowledge Dictionary of Social Problems 99 N atascha Gentz Iw o Amelung 90 Douglas R eynolds 90 ~ 9 Andrea Janku Catherine Yeh Barbara M ittler 6

Dictionary of N ew Knowledge Dictionary of Social Problems 99 N atascha

11 Changes of Way of Thought and Widespreading New Knowledge The Development of Chinese Encyclopedias in the Late Qing and Early Republic China Milena Dolezelova-Velingerova Rudolf G. Wagner Institute of Sinology Heidelberg University Germany Abstract This paper explores what went on in Chinese minds during this turbulent process in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It does so through a series of case studies on the Chinese adaptation of the increasingly globalized canon of modern knowledge and the shifts in the equally globalized software through which this process was articulated in the taxonomy of knowledge the hierarchy of relevance and usefulness the standards for the reliability of information and the tools to enhance the terminological precision of language. This paper argues that since 80's Western encyclopedias entered China there happened a huge impact to Chinese traditional books and the cultural knowledge which was contained. The reason that the various Western new encyclopedias were published in China was that many cultural elites put forward that the key why the West accumulated the wealth and power was included in the encyclopedias. As the political situation was deteriorating the species and quantity of encyclopedias published also rose and Japanese and English encyclopedias became important information source. This paper investigates many of these encyclopedias which were never reprinted and hardly known even to specialists for the first time. The studies show that these encyclopedias opened a unique window onto the migration and ordering systems of knowledge across cultural and linguistic borders. Keywords encyclopedia new global knowledge ways of thought cultural elite 7

It does so through a series of case studies on the Chinese adaptation of the increasingly globalized canon of modern knowledge and the shifts in the equally globalized software through which this

６張謇教育思想之研究.doc

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