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1 Animal Health Strategies 动物保健策略 2009 Global Pig Forum Chengdu Matthias J.Y.N. Adam Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health GmbH

2 Outline agenda 主要内容 1. Why Animal Health strategies? 为什么需要动保策略? 2. Where are the needs? 需求在哪? 3. What are the alternatives / strategies? 有何选择 / 策略? 4. How to give support? Need for decision tool! 如何支持? 需要有助于作出决定的工具! 5. When Animal health strategies can be used? 何时使用动保策略? 6. Who should use them? 由谁使用? 2

3 Why do we need AH strategies? 为什么需要动保策略? Housing 畜舍 Pig - Performance 猪生长性能 Feed 饲料 Better feed the world 更好的猪肉 Genetic 遗传 $ - - Health 健康 Source: IPT,

an integral part of a healthy future for mankind Foster the health and well-being of mankind by Contributing to an

4 Boehringer Ingelheim Commitment BI 的承诺 Delivers leading solutions to prevent, treat and cure animal diseases Provides innovative solutions to address unmet medical needs Is driven by the desire to improve animal welfare as an integral part of a healthy future for mankind Foster the health and well-being of mankind by Contributing to an adequate supply of safe, nutritious food Promoting the emotional and physical benefits arising from the human animal bond 4

5 Outline agenda 主要内容 1. Why Animal Health strategies? 为什么需要动保策略? 2. Where are the needs? 需求在哪? 3. What are the alternatives / strategies? 有何选择 / 策略? 4. How to give support? Need for decision tool! 如何支持? 需要有助于作出决定的工具! 5. When Animal health strategies can be used? 何时使用动保策略? 6. Who should use them? 由谁使用? 5

6 Where are the needs? 需求在哪? v Health & infectious diseases 健康 & 传染性疾病 v Different types of pathogens 多种病原 v Important viral diseases: 重要的病毒性疾病 Classical Swine Fever 猪瘟 Porcine Respiratory & Reproductive Syndrome 猪蓝耳病 Aujeszky 猪伪狂犬病 Porcine Circo Virus Disease 猪圆环病毒病 6

CSF (classical swine fever or Hog Cholera ) 猪瘟 v Different status per country 每个国家流行状况不同 v Different disease expression 疾病的表现形式不同 v Clinical signs appears in a small number of growing pigs

7 CSF (classical swine fever or Hog Cholera ) 猪瘟 v Different status per country 每个国家流行状况不同 v Different disease expression 疾病的表现形式不同 v Clinical signs appears in a small number of growing pigs 少量生长猪出现临床症状 - Anorexia, respiratory signs, lethargy, etc. 厌食呼吸症状沉郁等 - Constipation followed by diarrhoea 便秘后腹泻 - Hyperthermia (>40 C) 高热 v Animal health strategies (management / biosecurity / vaccination) 动保策略 ( 管理 / 生物安全 / 免疫 ) 7

8 PRRS (porcine reproductive & respiratory syndrome) 猪蓝耳病 v Cost of PRRS estimates (2003 PRRS Compendium) 蓝耳造成的经济损失 (2003 年蓝耳纲要 ) - Breeding herd - $255/sow/ year 种猪群 255 美元 / 母猪 / 年 - Growing Pig - $ $15.25 生长猪美元 v PRRS infection itself does not cause generalized immunosuppression but defense mechanism of the lung is impaired 蓝耳病毒本身不造成全身性免疫抑制, 但是肺脏的防御机制受到损伤 v Animal health strategies (management / biosecurity / herd closure / etc.) 动保策略 ( 管理 / 生物安全 / 闭群, 等等 ) v Major component of PRDC 呼吸道疾病综合征的主要病原 v Different disease expression 有多种临床表现形式 8

PRRS symptoms in sows 母猪群蓝耳病症状 Abortions between day 105-110 of pregnancy 怀孕 105-110 流产 Prolongation of pregnancy up to

9 PRRS symptoms in sows 母猪群蓝耳病症状 Abortions between day of pregnancy 怀孕流产 Prolongation of pregnancy up to day 120 推迟产仔至怀孕 120 天 Delivery of stillborn, weakborn or mummified piglets 死胎, 弱仔或木乃伊胎 Increase of return to breeders 返情率升高 9

$.. 猪吻突耳变色 Increase of losses 死亡率上升 Refractory respiratory$

10 PRRS symptoms in pigs 猪群蓝耳病症状 Conjunctivitis, eyelid edema 结膜炎眼睑水肿 Discoloration of ears, snout... 猪吻突耳变色 Increase of losses 死亡率上升 Refractory respiratory symptoms and secondary infections 呼吸道症状严重并伴有继发感染 Inhomogeneous growth of fattening groups 育肥猪生长不整齐 10

11 Aujeszky Pseudorabies 猪伪狂犬 v Most dramatic signs occur in young piglets 主要是青少年猪表现严重的临床症状 - Nervous signs: trembling, inco-ordinated movements, paddling, etc. 神经症状 : 震颤运动不调做划水状等 - Morbidity & Mortality may reach 100% 发病率和死亡率可达 100% v For older pigs, lower mortality & more respiratory signs 大猪 : 低死亡率更多表现呼吸道症状 v Signs in sows are related to poor fertility 母猪繁殖性能下降 v Animal health strategies (management / biosecurity / vaccination) 动保策略 ( 管理 / 生物安全 / 免疫 ) 11

12 PCVD (porcine circo virus disease) 猪圆环病毒病 Eco RI vrelated to PCV2 infection 由 PCV2 感染引起 OR F 2 SL v Economic impact 经济损失 - Estimated losses ~600 million EUR per year in the EU 估计损失欧洲每年达 6 亿欧元 - Most important pig disease in US swine production next to PRRS 在美国, 重要性同猪蓝耳病几乎一致 O R F 1 Imp1010-Stoon O R F 3 OR F 4 v PCVD is a multifactorial disease 猪圆环病毒病是多因素疾病 - Pigs 6-16 weeks of age (or older) mainly affected 主要感染 6-16 周龄 ( 或更大 ) 猪 - Wasting, poor growth, emaciation 衰竭生长缓慢消瘦 - Respiratory signs, diarrhea, pallor, jaundice (rare) 呼吸症状腹泻苍白黄疸 ( 少见 ) v Different disease expression 疾病有不同临床表现形式 12

Manifestations of PCVD 表现形式 v PMWS (Severe systemic infection) 猪多系统衰竭综合征 ( 严重的系统性感染 ) - Most common form of PCVD worldwide PCVD 是全球最常见临床表现 - First described in 1996 1996 年首次报道 - Morbidity usually

13 Manifestations of PCVD 表现形式 v PMWS (Severe systemic infection) 猪多系统衰竭综合征 ( 严重的系统性感染 ) - Most common form of PCVD worldwide PCVD 是全球最常见临床表现 - First described in 年首次报道 - Morbidity usually 4-30% (exceptional over 50-60%) Wasting 发病率 4-30%( 特殊情况下超过 50%-60%) - Increased mortality rates between 4 and 20% (70-80% of affected pigs die) 死亡率升高至 4-20%(70-80% 感染猪死亡 ) - Major clinical sign is wasting 主要临床表现形式是衰竭 - In early stages of disease: enlarged inguinal lymph nodes (clinically visible) 疾病早期出现 : 腹股沟淋巴结肿大 ( 临床可见 ) - Others 其它表现形式 - Respiratory disease (PRDC), enteritis (looks like ileitis), perinatal myocarditis, reproductive failure, PDNS (?), mild forms (without increased mortality) 呼吸症状肠炎 ( 类似回肠炎 ) 围产期心肌炎繁殖障碍皮炎肾病综合征温和病例 ( 死亡率无变化 ) 13

14 PCVD Animal Health strategies PCVD 的动保策略 PCVD problem suggested via clinical examination & production records 通过临床检测和生产记录发现 PCVD Direct 直接 Complete diagnosis of PCV2 and cofactors 全面诊断是否存在 PCV2 感染及协同作用因子 (infectious and non infectious) ( 感染 / 未感染 ) Direct control of PCV2 virus with vaccination 通过免疫直接控制 PCV2 Control of co-infections 控制共感染 Indirect 间接 Alter noninfectious cofactors& implement management strategies (Madec 20, Disinfection, Genetics) 调节非感染性的协同因子和管理策略 (Madec20 消毒遗传基因管理 ) Piglet vaccination against PCV2 becomes global routine use. 仔猪免疫控制 PCV2 已在全球范围内普遍应用 Measure outcomes, adjust plans 权衡控制结果, 并对方法作相应调整 14

15 Outline agenda 主要内容 1. Why Animal Health strategies? 为什么需要动保策略? 2. Where are the needs? 需求在哪? 3. What are the alternatives / strategies? 有何选择 / 策略? 4. How to give support? Need for decision tool! 如何支持? 需要有助于作出决定的工具! 5. When Animal health strategies can be used? 何时使用动保策略? 6. Who should use them? 由谁使用? 15

16 What strategies to ensure Animal Health? 何种策略确保动物健康 4 approaches 方法 vmanagement 管理 vbiosecurity 生物安全 vvaccines 疫苗 vantibiotics 抗生素 + Use tools in adequation 选择合适工具 16

17 Ensuring animal health 确保动物健康 Source: EPRUMA,

18 Successful strategy PRRS example 成功案例蓝耳病控制 Background: 背景介绍 Source: Yao et al, IPVS sows, single site farrow-finish continuous operation 单点,1600 头母猪的中国猪场 In May, 2004, a total sum of 100 gilts were introduced from outside to this farm 2004 年 5 月由其它猪场引入 100 头后备母猪 In May to June 年 5 月 -6 月 - stillbirths in the whole breeder herds, about 19% 全群死胎率大约 19% - stillbirths in first parity sows, about 26% 头产母猪死胎率大约 26% The respiratory problems and mortality manifested in pre-weaning, nursery and grower-finisher herds 哺乳保育生长育肥阶段有呼吸症状, 并出现死亡 18

19 Serological profile of the farm 猪场血清学图谱 3 Pigs PRDC Lesions Observed high observed mortality PRDC lesions High mortality 2.5 S/P Ratios Materal antibodys -small piglets maternal antibodies -small piglets sneezing and productive coughing Sneezing and productive coughing viral circulation Viral circulation wks 3-4 wks 3-4 wks 3-4 wks w 6-7w 6-7w 6-7w 6-7w 10w 10w 10w 10w 10w 12w 12w 12w 12w 12w 16w 16w 16w 16w 16w 20- wks 22w Age 20-22w 20-22w 20-22w 20-22w Gilt Gilt Gilt Gilt Gilt 19

20 Vaccination 免疫 PRRSV was determined to be the primary pathogen involved in the reproductive and PRDC problems 经证实,PRRSV 是导致繁殖和呼吸系统综合征的主要原发病原 July to November of 2006, Ingelvac PRRS MLV vaccination program: 2006 年 7 月 -11 月, 开始 Ingelvac PRRS MLV 免疫程序 Gilts: 2 shots, 30 days apart, in developer 后备母猪 :2 针, 间隔 30 天 Breeding herd: double mass vaccination 30 days apart, then continued by quarterly mass vaccination 种猪群 :2 针普免, 间隔 30 天, 以后每 3 月免疫一次 Pigs: single mass vaccination of pigs before end of nursery together with breeder herd mass vaccination and then followed by vaccination on 2 weeks old 保育结束前仔猪同种猪群一起单针普免, 以后仔猪 2 周龄免疫 20

21 Result 结果 Percent% % 1.6% Stillborn(%) Preweaning mortality(%) Nursery mortality(%) G-F mortality(%) Month Mass vaccination Production data of whole herd before and after PRRS Vaccination PRRS 免疫前后整个猪群的生产数据 21

22 Result 结果 Percent% Stillborn(%) Preweaning mortality(%) Mass vaccination Month Percent of stillbirth and pre-weaning mortality of progenies from gilts before and after PRRS Vaccination PRRS 免疫前后初产母猪死胎率和断奶前死亡率 22

23 Conclusion 总结 In this Chinese swine farm mass vaccination with Ingelvac PRRS MLV is effective in: 本猪场普免 Ingelvac PRRS 效果在于 controlling PRRS 控制 PRRS Reducing effects of PRRS on reproductive performance in breeder and gilt herd and PRDC in the production stage 降低对种猪繁殖性能的危害, 降低生产阶段 PRDC 危害 leading to a dramatic reduction in mortality in production stage in this Chinese swine farm 极大降低生产过程中死亡率 + Cross-protection of PRRS MLV against HP-PRRSV variant PRRS MLV 对高致病性蓝耳病毒株有交叉保护 Source: Shishan Yuan,Zhang J. et al,

24 Outline agenda 主要内容 1. Why Animal Health strategies? 为什么需要动保策略? 2. Where are the needs? 需求在哪? 3. What are the alternatives / strategies? 有何选择 / 策略? 4. How to give support? Need for decision tool! 如何支持? 需要有助于作出决定的工具! 5. When Animal health strategies can be used? 何时使用动保策略? 6. Who should use them? 由谁使用? 24

25 Ensuring animal health monitoring 确保动物健康监测 Statistical Process Control 统计过程控制 25

Monitoring Tool SPC 监测工具 -SPC v SPC is a recognised statistical method to Control and Monitor production processes, (time-series data ), based on Statistics Process Control charts 众所周知,SPC

26 Monitoring Tool SPC 监测工具 -SPC v SPC is a recognised statistical method to Control and Monitor production processes, (time-series data ), based on Statistics Process Control charts 众所周知,SPC 是以统计过程控制图表为基础的生产过程管理和监控 ( 时间轴数据 ) 工具 v SPC focuses the data and provides objective evaluations SPC 以数据为基点, 提供客观评估 v SPC assists in determining if and when intervention is appropriate and measure its effectiveness SPC 帮助人们了解生产过程是否需要干预, 何时干预及干预是否有效 vspc can be applied to: SPC 可以应用于 : Breeding herd - health and performance 种猪群 - 健康和生产 Growing herd - health and performance 生长猪 - 健康和生产 Meat quality and food safety 肉品质和食品安全 26

27 UCL = Upper control limit 控制上限 6 s-control Chart (XmR) x LCL= Lower control limit 控制下限 no no no Yes Yes Yes Yes 27

SPC Application SPC 应用 Fattening Unit of 768 places (8*96), suffering from chronic Ileitis All in / All out applied, Slatted floor, feeding ad-libitum, 12 animals per pen, Site with good performance

28 SPC Application SPC 应用 Fattening Unit of 768 places (8*96), suffering from chronic Ileitis All in / All out applied, Slatted floor, feeding ad-libitum, 12 animals per pen, Site with good performance (losses < 2%, ADWG =780 g / day), Results from Nov July 2006 Started reception of Enterisol Ileitis vaccinated piglets in May 2005 Statistical Process Control (SPC) method for evaluation animals for 13 pre-vaccinated groups, animals for 21 post-vaccinated groups, 28

29 Results 结果 ADWG + 24 g / day No Vaccination NVx Transition Correct vaccination Vx Late Vaccination _ +67 g/day!!! Xc: 780 / Xv: 804 σc = 24 σv = 20 _ One complete round Received from August 05 till Nov.05 Delivered from end Oct. 05 till Begin March 06 What really happened?

30 Economic tool 经济学工具 v Idea to calculate a first indicator Gross margin 计算首要指标毛利 v Allow to take grounded financial decision ROI 计算投资回报率 30

31 Outline agenda 主要内容 1. Why Animal Health strategies? 为什么需要动保策略? 2. Where are the needs? 需求在哪? 3. What are the alternatives / strategies? 有何选择 / 策略? 4. How to give support? Need for decision tool! 如何支持? 需要有助于作出决定的工具! 5. When Animal health strategies can be used? 何时使用动保策略? 6. Who should use them? 由谁使用? 31

32 Outline agenda 主要内容 1. Why Animal Health strategies? 为什么需要动保策略? 2. Where are the needs? 需求在哪? 3. What are the alternatives / strategies? 有何选择 / 策略? 4. How to give support? Need for decision tool! 如何支持? 需要有助于作出决定的工具! 5. When Animal health strategies can be used? 何时使用动保策略? 6. Who should use them? 由谁使用? 32

33 Conclusion 结论 Vaccination is an effective solution to produce better food 免疫预防保证为人类提供更加优质食品 Use tool to monitor health and performance 使用工具监控动物保健和生产状况 Statistical Process Control 统计学过程控制 Take decision based on economic relevance. 由经济相关指数做出决定 33

Why is animal health so important? 为什么动物保健这么重要 Food for thoughts (EPP NL president, Eurotier 2008) 食品 1. Society pressure on antibiotics 抗生素使用限制 2.

34 Why is animal health so important? 为什么动物保健这么重要 Food for thoughts (EPP NL president, Eurotier 2008) 食品 1. Society pressure on antibiotics 抗生素使用限制 2. More pigs per farm, so health pressures increase 大规模生产加重了疾病的压力 3. Healthy pigs do better 健康猪生产高品质猪肉 4. Have fun 更快乐 5. More profit / less cost 更多经济效益 / 损失更小 34

35 Acknowledgments Dr. Marika Genzow Dr. Petra Maass Dr. Carlo Maala My Chinese colleagues European Pig Producers club 35

36 Dans le cochon, Tout est bon! 36

第一章　緒論

第一章　緒論 (informed consent) 6 . (Informed 23 Consent) 24 (Informed Consent) informed consent 1. 2. 7 3. 4. 5. 6.. 26 1. 8 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.. Braddock 1993 59 65 1057 (discussion of the patient s role in decision making)