瑏瑠 Henry Serruys Remains of Mongol Customs during the Early Ming Monumenta Serica Vol

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2 瑏瑠 Henry Serruys Remains of Mongol Customs during the Early Ming Monumenta Serica Vol. XVI 瑏瑠

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14 /207 tors. The re - examination of the successful or failed inward and outward efforts made by the late - Yuan military strongmen and warlords will be conducive to our work of gaining a more complete insight not only into the general political attitude of the class of scholar - officials living in the chaotic time and witnessing a tumultuous dynastic replacement but also into the general trend of history at that time. Dress and Identity An Inquiry into the Adoptionof the Great Ming - Styled Dress in the Korean Peninsula in the Early Ming Dynasty ZHANG Jia The present paper explores the adoption of the Great Ming - styled dress during the Goryeo - Joseon transition in the Korean Peninsula and the role the dress played in the relationship between China and Korea one of vassal states of the Chinese Empire at that time. Retrospectively when the powerful Mongol Empire was being replaced with the Ming dynasty the cultural changes taking place in China and Korea were to a great extent interlinked with each other. Distantly chiming in with the de - Mongolization policies in the early Ming the Korean regimes made similar efforts to change their culture. A new dress code adopted by the central court of Ming was almost promptly recognized by the Koreans as the symbol marking the renaissance of the genuine Chinese culture. Most importantly the re - adoption of Chinese dress in the historico - cultural context of the Kingdom of Goryeo was specially interpreted as an embodiment of the restoration of past glories. The Historical Analysis on the View of Chiang Kai - shek Rigging the Red Army Long March YANG Kui - song Is it Chiang Kai - shek s planned premeditated " lose on purpose" in order to let the Central Red Army break through towards west in October 934 This has become an academic problem. Begin from the historical origin of " lose on purpose" whether Chiang had the premeditation to oppress the Red Army " Western Channeling" in the fifth " encirclement and suppression" whether Chiang had the intention to weaken the defense of southwest and whether Chiang deliberately left the line to facilitate the Red Army breakout these topics are all discussed. The Agreed Rent Rent Based on Actual Yield and Collection Rates The Case of shantang or the Charity Farmland in the Yangtse River Delta in the Late Qing Dynasty HUANG Hong - shan Sources regarding the collection of rents ascribed to eight pieces of shantang or the charity farmland in Jiangnan or the Yangtse River Delta in the late Daoguang reign down to the late Guangxu reign indicated that the agreed rent per mu greatly differed from each other due to the huge differences existing in the quality typeand size of farmland as well to whether there was the rental deposit paid by the tenants or not. The sources also showed that the agreed rent was frequently reduced and e- ven exempted. In view of this it might be concluded that the absolute amount of rent had been decreased in the late - Qing Jiangnan. In the case of shantang the actual amount of collected rent was dependent on the custom of rent concession tenants refusal to pay rent arrears as well on the influence exerted by natural calamities. Thus between the agreed and actually collected rents there was a resilient gap which could play the same role as the relief valve did and be functionally used to alleviate the rent burdens on tenants and guaranteethe continuity of existing tenancy system and possibility of the agricultural reproduction. 220

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瑏瑡 B ~ 瑏瑡 210093 1200 K928. 6 A 1005-605X 2014 04-0059- 10 The Taihu Lake Basin in the Regional History Study Jiangnan or West Zhejiang GAO Yi - fan FAN Jin - min History Department Nanjing University Nanjing 210093