3 :,,,,,,, : :,,,,,, (1989), ( ) 1961 W, 1968,,,, :,,,,, 1958,, 1970 :,,:,, () 1Π2,, 1968 3,,:300071,:zclilac @yahoo. com. cn, 59
:, ( ),, :,60,, 1962,, ( ),,,,, 1986,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ), C,,,,,,,,,,,,, X,,,;,,, ; ( ),,, Mirrless (1976) : (1), (2),,, 60 (1996),:
,,,,,,,,, :,,, : ( ),,,,, ( ), (1989), :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, 61
:,,,,,,,,,,,, :11,, 21, 31, ( ) 1983 1988,, 1992,,,,,, 1994 11 17 [1994 ]458,,,,1986,,, 1986,,,,,,,, 1992,,1994, 62
,, 1989,,,, 1992,,, 1992 50 %, 2001,, 5 %,,,,1992 2001, 39103 % 68109 %,6138 %, ( ) 1949 1978,,,,,,, 1979 1979 7,,,, :1979 1978 1011 %, 1957 1978 1984 5,,,,,,,1985, 1987,,,,,,,,1985 56125 %,1986 52182 %,1987 50196 %,,,,,,,,,,,1987 2112 %, 1980 70 %, :, 63
:,,, ;,,,,,,1995,,,,, 1996,,,3411,,,, 1997,,,,, ( ),1980, 3000,,,1982 12 4,,,,,, 1987,,1987 10,,,,,,1988 4 11 :,,,1988 90581,164,84, 1988,,1988,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,, 1989 41 64
1990 1, 1989 1991,,,, 1992,,,, 1992 10, :,,,,,, 1993 35 1994,, 1997 3500 2001,,,1996 12 17,,, 1997, 96, 2850 ; 20 % ; 6800 2000,,,,, ( ) 11,, : ( ),,,,, ( ), ( ) ( ) ( ), X1 : X1 = ( ) ( ) + ( ) 65
: X1, ( ), MR = MR (A P = A P ) A P = A P aw = aw W L - L L = L - = aw = aw + aw + aw 3 W aw aw, aw, W,L, L ( ),L,, 100 % X2 : X2 = 3 + 3 + 100 % 3 21, ( X3) ( X4) ( X5),,,,, ( X3),( X4),, 100 %, X4 : X4 = 3 + 3 100 %,, ( X5) 31,, ( X6) 2001, 1978 2001 X1, W aw L ( ) ( No198 13) 66
38 ( ( ),1999 4 7 5 ) X2 X3 (1992 1993) : 1995 11 1996 12 1997 12 2000 12 2001 ( www. gzwjj. gov. cn) X4, X5 1990 1991 2002 X6 1 X1 X6 ( %) X1 ( %) X2 ( %) X3 ( %) X4 ( %) X5 ( %) X6 1978 0. 00 0. 16 3. 00 39. 68 1. 88 2. 69 1979 0. 49 0. 32 11. 60 40. 52 7. 47 2. 82 1980 0. 91 0. 77 17. 70 59. 20 8. 96 3. 24 1981 1. 60 1. 02 20. 90 62. 40 11. 11 4. 39 1982 2. 13 1. 29 21. 70 72. 75 12. 38 4. 18 1983 2. 72 1. 99 23. 90 66. 69 12. 92 4. 44 1984 3. 53 2. 02 32. 90 73. 05 16. 36 6. 19 1985 7. 96 3. 68 53. 00 84. 43 15. 15 5. 44 1986 11. 80 5. 20 65. 00 86. 86 14. 59 5. 24 1987 14. 54 7. 00 66. 30 88. 47 16. 77 5. 63 1988 15. 07 9. 63 71. 10 92. 39 19. 12 5. 74 1989 13. 10 11. 46 68. 70 93. 22 19. 42 5. 26 1990 18. 10 13. 03 70. 00 92. 79 17. 97 5. 03 1991 17. 60 14. 68 79. 10 94. 38 18. 59 5. 55 1992 19. 34 18. 51 82. 10 96. 91 20. 43 7. 08 1993 19. 13 23. 25 87. 80 97. 28 21. 82 9. 02 1994 21. 25 28. 55 92. 80 98. 21 17. 64 10. 95 1995 22. 51 43. 08 91. 20 98. 30 16. 45 11. 12 1996 29. 65 53. 11 93. 70 98. 33 15. 64 11. 06 1997 34. 03 54. 97 94. 50 98. 51 15. 29 13. 20 1998 31. 42 69. 04 95. 90 98. 02 22. 53 14. 09 1999 32. 14 83. 10 96. 30 97. 24 22. 43 15. 22 2000 31. 91 92. 20 96. 80 95. 08 22. 33 14. 85 2001 31. 95 95. 00 97. 30 94. 54 22. 21 15. 74,,, ( Z) 67
:, ( h p ), ( h),,,, ( s) ( ::,2001 4 57 86 ), h p = e s = 0. 1,,,,,( ), :, ( 40 ) 8 ( ) SPSS 1210 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6, X1 X2 ( 2), 941586 %, 2 3 Z 1 : Z 1 = 017074 X 1 + 017074 X 2 2 3 (a) % % % % 1 2 1 1. 892 94. 586 94. 586 1. 892 94. 586 94. 586 2 0. 108 5. 414 100. 000 0. 108 5. 414 100. 000 :: X1 0. 973-0. 233 X2 0. 973 0. 233 :: a 2, X3 X4 X5,, 921945 %, Z 2 : Z 2 = 015791 X 3 + 015857 X 4 + 015666 X 5, Z 1 Z 2 X6, 891482 %,1, : Mark Bils, Peter J. Klenow (Does Schooling Cause Growth? The American Economic Review,Vol190,No15,Dec,2000,pp. 1160 1183) (Minser) 52, 010956 01045, 1985 145,, 011 68
Z = 015915 Z 1 + 015451 Z 2 + 015939 X6 Z = 015915 Z 1 + 015451 Z 2 + 015939 X6. ( ), Y = A K (L 3 h Z p ), Z, h p Z, h p s e,,, h 5 YΠ5L = 5[ A K ( L h z p) ]Π5L h = A K ( h z p) L - 1 h = Ak h z p L + - 1 ln h = lna + ln k + Zln h p ln h t = C + 1 ln k t + 2 Z t ln h pt + ( + - 1) lnl + 3 lnl t + u t (1) (1), eviews510,,ln h t ln k t Z t ln h pt LnL t = 0105, T = 25, - 1195-3100, - 3160,,Ln h t, ln k t lnl t, Z t ln h pt ln h p,ln h p,,ln h t Z t ln h pt Ln h t Z t ln h pt,eg, (ADL), Ln h t = 019936Ln h t - 1 + 114106 Z t ln h pt - 113166 Z t - 1 ln h pt - 1 + u t (2) (275199) (3137) ( - 3117) R 2 = 0199,LM 1 = 01237,LM 2 = 11176,ARCH = 01225, DW = 1180, T = 23, (1979 2001) (2) Ln h pt Z t ln h pt, = (114106-113166)Π(1-019936) = 1416875 ln h t = 1416875 Z t ln h pt 69
: e t EG, u t = Ln h t - 1416875 Z t ln h pt u t = - 010436 t - 010888 u t - 1 ( - 9142) ( - 5109) R 2 = 0108, DW = 1162, T = 23 DW, N = 2, = 0105, T = 23,EG- 41219,EG = - 5109 < - 41219, Lnh t Z t ln h pt : ln^h t = 1. 4599 Z t ln h pt - 0. 0067 u t - 1 (3) (7198) ( - 2179) R 2 = 01472, s1 e1 = 01042,LM 1 = 0105,LM 2 = 0113, ARCH = 01436, DW = 1181, T = 23, (1979 2001) LM 1 = 01201 < 2 0105 (1) = 3184, LM 2 = 11143 < 2 0105 (2) = 5199,, ARCH = 01205 < 2 0105 (1) = 3184, (3) :,,,Ln h t Z t ln h pt, ln k t lnl t, ln h p,,, Ln h t Z t ln h pt,, (3) ( ), 114599, 010067 ( ),,,,,,,,,, ( ),,, Z t (lnh pt ),,, 70
,,,,,,,,,,,,1999 :, S,1993 : X :,, (Mincer,J),2001 :,,,2002 :, W,1990 :,,,1996 : :, 6 Bian, Yanjie,and John Logan,1996, Market Transition and the Persistence of Power : The Changing Stratification System in Urban China. American Sociological Review,Vol. 61,pp. 739 759. Mincer,J., 1958, Investments In Human Capital and Personal Income Distribution, Journal of Political Economics,Vol. 66 (4). Mirrlees, JA,1976, The Optimal Structure of Incentives an Authority within an Organization, Bell Journal of Economics. Vol. 7. Nee,Victor,1989, A Theory of Market Transition : From Redistribution to Markets in State Socialism, American Sociological Review. Vol. 54, pp. 663 681. Romer, PM, 1986, Increasing Returns and Long2run Growth, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 94 (5), pp. 1002 1037. Schultze,TW, 1968, Institutions and the Rising Economic Value of Man, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 50 (5). Empirical Research on the Relation bet ween Formation of Human Capital and Economic Institutional Transition Zhang Chao (Nankai Institute of Economics, Nankai University) Abstract:Most scholars substitute education and training for human capital to reach the aggregation of human capital. But it doesnπt accord with the progress on the relative theory, nor accord with our reality. New Institutional Economics and Theory of Market Transition research the effect of institution on accumulation of human capital. And our reality also show this effect. Therefore this article analyzed the effect of institutional transition on the accumulation of human capital in China. Key Words : Institutional Transition ; Human Capital ; Education ; Co2integration JEL Classification : J240,O150 (: ) ( : ) 71