婦女孕前體質與第一孕期不適症狀之相關性研究 王曉鈴陳麗麗 * 蘇奕彰 ** 陳麗糸 *** 林麗娟 **** 周汎澔 ***** 體質是一個常聽到但又無法具體了解的詞語, 現代醫學很少使用科學的方法來測量體質, 以致大多數的人不清楚自己的體質狀況, 更遑論依個別體質來辯證施護 依據體質中醫學說, 體質的不同, 在懷孕時會產生不同的症狀 本研究旨在探討婦女懷孕前體質, 與第一孕期不適症狀以及二者的相關性 屬描述性 相關性研究, 於南部四所醫院的婦產科門診, 以結構性問卷共收集 2 位第一孕期婦女的資料 研究工具包括個人基本屬性資料表 中醫體質評估量表, 及第一孕期不適症狀評估表 ㈠ 2.% 的婦女為平和性體質,2.1% 為三種合併之混和體質 陰血虛併陽氣虛併痰濕瘀滯體質,.2% 為痰濕瘀滯體質,.9% 為陰血虛體質,.0% 為陽氣虛體質,1.0% 為其他二種合併之混合 體質 ; ㈡第一孕期不適症狀前三名依序為疲倦 頻尿 噁心感 ; ㈢ 頻尿 疲倦 陰道分泌物 增加 眩暈 及 情緒起伏不定 與陰血虛體質 陽氣虛體質及痰濕瘀滯體質皆有顯著正相關, 而 痰濕瘀滯體質則另與 乳房脹痛 有顯著正相關 本研究初步獲得婦女孕前體質及其與第一孕期不適症狀間關係之實證資料, 可提供健康照護專業人 員在西醫的周產期照護下, 輔以中醫觀點調理婦女身體的具體實施依據, 於婦女懷孕前即可給予適 時合宜的護理, 以促進其孕期身心舒適, 進而增進母兒健康 關鍵詞 : 婦女 孕前體質 第一孕期不適症狀 200 200 199 200 * ** *** **** ***** 9 9 2 9 11 9 12 29 00 100 0 121101 202 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月
Constitution and Pregnancy Discomfort 199 19 ㈠ 199 1992002 199 200 2001 2002 200 200 200 2001 200 Hippocrates humoral pathological theory Hippocrates 200 Kretschmer 2002 2009 ㈡ 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月
1. 0~0% Chou, Chen, Kuo, & Tzeng, 200; Koren & Maltepe, 200 0. 2% Davis, 200 199 1990 199 2. 200 Nichol & Zwelling, 199/2001. 200 199. 2% May & Mahlmeister, 199/199. Nichol & Zwelling, 199/2001. 200 Nichol & Zwelling, 199/2001 199. May & Mahlmeister, 199/199 1991990 BMI 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月
Constitution and Pregnancy Discomfort ~1 KMUH- IRB-900 0 9 2 2 2 1911 9.% 21 199 21 9 9 1 200 2001 content validity index, CVI.2 Likert 1 2 Cronbach s α. n = 0 Cronbach s α. n = 2 200 19 191 Likert Cronbach s α...cronbach s α. n = 0Cronbach s α..0. Cronbach s α.90 N = 2 表一食物類別與性味 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月
SPSS 12.0 t Spearman s correlation 2129. ±.92 9.0 ± 2.21 n = 11,.1%n = 19, 1.91% BMI 1.1.021.1 ±.1 n = 200,.11% n = 22, 9.%11 n = 1, 9.% 11 2.1% 9.% n = 100, 2.%.09% n = 100, 2.%.09% n = 101, 2.9% N = 2 n % 11.1. 1.0 200.11 20.1 1.2 12.11 2.09 19 1.91 22 9. 2. 1 0. 1.2 11PM 2.1 11PM 1 9. 9. N = 2 % 1.0 21 9.0 1 1 2.9 100 2. 9 2.11 11. 2 11.91 20.09 2.0 100 2. 1.2 1.0 2 11.91 20.09 2 101 2.9 2.09 1.9 2.1 1.9 200.11 110.1 2.9 19.09 1.2 9 1.0 19.0 11.9 1.0.0 2 22.1 1. 110.1 0 21.2 19.09 1.0 2.9 1.11 9.2 0 1.02 0 12. 1.0 9 1.2 1.2 90.0 1.1 9. 1 0. 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月
Constitution and Pregnancy Discomfort n M ± SD t p M ± SD t p M ± SD t p -1..10-2.1.0-2.12.0 24.38 ± 4.53 24.23 ± 5.10 19.17 ± 3.40 19 25.62 ± 5.30 26.00 ± 5.92 20.30 ± 3.80.22.83.31.76 -..2 25.44 ± 5.42 25.78 ± 5.71 19.61 ± 3.66 199 25.24 ± 5.08 25.45 ± 5.77 20.05 ± 3.73 -.35.73 -.04.97 -.0.2 12 25.17 ± 4.98 25.49 ± 5.66 19.80 ± 3.49 10 25.40 ± 5.31 25.52 ± 5.88 20.19 ± 3.98 N = 2.0.11.11.09.12.0.10.11.1*.0**.2**.2**.2**.2**.29**.1**.19**.1*.1**.1**.1**.19**.2**.2** *p <.0. **p <.01. 19 2.2 ±.12 192.2 ±. 1 19.9 ±.2 n = 191, 1.2% n =, 1.1% n =, 2.% n = 12,.9% n = 11,.1% n =, 1.9% n = 10,.% n = 9, 1.0% n = 0, 2.% t t = -2.1, p =.0 t = -2.12, p =.0 Spearman 200 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月
9 % 199 11 11 11 1 11 200 BMI 200 199 200 199 200 1990 19 9.% Rodriguez Bohlin Lindmark 2001 Chou200 90%.09%.11% Koren Maltepe 200 Koch Goodwin Romero Levine Tison 2000 0% 192 200 2.% 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月
10 Constitution and Pregnancy Discomfort 2002 2.%, n = 100.9%, n = 1.0%, n =.2%, n=1.%, n = 1.11%, n = 12.0%, n = 2.1%, n = M0901 200 1 199 29 2002 21 199100 190 199 2002 2 1 200 199 200 199 12 291 200 200 1 2 91 10 2001 21 102 1990 200 2 12 211 21 2009 22 200 99 110 200 1&2 9 99 19 11 1 1 1 200 1 20 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月
11 200 22 2 192 2001 1 29 200 109 2002 21 199 199 2 2 200 200 http://www.ccmp.gov.tw/research/plan_detail.asp?relno=22&selno= 0&no=9&detailno= 200 2 1 21 May, K. A., & Mahlmeister, L. R. 199 199 Nichol, F. H., & Zwelling, E. 2001 199 Chou, F. H., Chen, C. H., Kuo, S. H., & Tzeng, Y. L. (2006). Experience of Taiwanese women living with nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Journal of Midwifery & Women s Health, 51(5), 370 375. Davis, M. (2004). Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: An evidence-based review. Journal of Perinatal and Neonatal Nursing, 18(4), 312 328. Koch, K., Goodwin, T., Romero, R., Levine, M., & Tison, H. (2006). Effect of a water load test on gastric myoelectrical activity and upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. The Authors Journal compilation, 18(6), 481 482. Koren, G., & Maltepe, C. (2004). Pre-emptive therapy for severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and hyperemesis gravidarum. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 24(5), 530 533. Rodriguez, A., Bohlin, G., & Lindmark, G. (2001). Symptoms across pregnancy in relation to psychosocial and biomedical factors. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 80(3), 213 223. 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月
12 Constitution and Pregnancy Discomfort Relationship Between Pre-pregnancy Constitution and Discomfort in the First Trimester Hsiao-Ling Wang Li-Li Chen * Yi-Chang Su ** Lih-Mih Chen *** Li-Chuan Lin **** Fan-Hao Chou ***** Abstract Background: While constitution is a commonly used term, its abstraction is often the source of confusion and misunderstanding. It is rarely scientifically measured in modern medicine, which implies that most people are not aware of the current state of their own constitution and are thus unable to receive appropriate evidence-based nursing care. Individual constitution is an influencing factor on pregnancy symptoms based on relevant theories. Purpose: This study was designed to explore correlations between women s Chinese medical constitution before pregnancy and discomfort symptoms during the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods: A descriptive and correlational design was adopted and 235 women were recruited in their first pregnancy trimester from four hospitals in southern Taiwan. Structured questionnaires used a Demographic Data Sheet, Traditional Chinese Medical Constitutional Scale (TCMCS), and Evaluation of Uncomfortable Symptoms During the First Trimester of Pregnancy to collect data. Results: Results of this study indicated that (1) 42.55% of participants had a normal constitution; 26.81% had a mixed constitution that was either deficient in yin-xie or yang-qi as well as tan-shi-yu-zhi; 7.23% had a tan-shi-yuzhi constitution; 5.97% had a yin-xie deficient constitution; 3.40% had a yang-qi deficient constitution; 14.04% had a mixture of any two constitutions; (2) the top three discomforts reported during the first trimester of pregnancy included fatigue, frequent urination and nausea, in descending order; (3) frequent urination, fatigue, heavy vaginal discharge, dizziness, and mood swings had significantly positive correlations with yin-xie deficiencies, yang-qi deficiencies, and a tan-shi-yu-zhi constitution. Swelling pain in the breasts had a significantly positive correlation with a tan-shi-yu-zhi constitution. Conclusions: This research is the first to acquire evidence-based data regarding correlations between constitution before pregnancy and uncomfortable symptoms during the first trimester for pregnant women. This can assist healthcare professionals to provide more suitable perinatal nursing care before pregnancy through integrating traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. Such can enhance the comfort of women undergoing pregnancy and promote the health of both the fetus and mother. Key Words: women, pre-pregnant constitution, discomforts in the first trimester. RN, MSN, Instructor, College of Nursing, Fooyin University; *RN, MSPH, Associate Professor, School of Nursing, College of Health Care, China Medical University; **MD, PhD, Professor, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University; ***RN, PhD, Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University; ****RN, MSN, Instructor, College of Nursing; *****RN, PhD, Professor, College of Nursing. Received: September 23, 2009 Revised: November 3, 2009 Accepted: December 29, 2009 Address correspondence to: Fan-Hao Chou, No. 100, Shi-Chuan 1st Rd., San Ming District, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC. Tel: +886 (7) 312-1101 ext. 2602; E-mail: fanhao@kmu.edu.tw 卷 1 期 中華民國 99 年 月