2012 9 50 165-204 kccchan@cityu.edu.hk 2008 2011/9/28 2012/7/31

166 1978

Taiwanese Journal of Sociology, September 2012, 50: 165-204 Labor, Capital and State: Labor Conflicts in China from a Marxist Perspective Chris king-chi CHAN Department of Applied Social Studies, City University of Hong Kong Abstract The author uses a Marxist perspective to analyze changing patterns in migrant worker protests. While a new working class in China has emerged and recreated itself since 1978, today s labor researchers have mostly rejected the Marxist practice of using the social relations of production as a point of departure for analysis. Instead, Chinese migrant workers protests under a capitalist production regime are understood as part of a citizens movement. In this paper the author argues that this new approach fails to adequately account for recent changes in migrant worker struggles. He advocates a return to the Marxist tradition to study worker struggle in a specific social, cultural and political context, especially in terms of analyzing the growing number of labor-capital conflicts in both foreign-owned and domestic private enterprises in China. Keywords: labor, class, conflict, china

168 1978 Pun and Chan 2008 teleology

169 2005 5 2005 2006 2007 8 2007 12 1 2008 1 1960 2007 1960

170 1980 linguistic turn 1960 Althusser Thomson 1963 Braverman 1974 Burawoy 1985: 24 1978 1979, 1985 1980 modern discourse Bradley 1999; Thiel 2007 Jones 1983; Fantasia 1988; Gould 1995;

171 Somers 1997 Sewell 1980 Berlanstein 1993: 4 Gould 1995 1871 Jones 1983 Joyce 1991 Berlanstein 1992, 1993 Aminzade 1981, 1993 Sewell 1980, 1993

172 Cai 2006; Chen 2000, 2003, 2006; Lee 2000, 2007 2004 NGO 2005 2007 CLB 2005, 2007 2005 2000 2004 2007 2005 2006 2005 2007 2003 1 CLB 2007: 4, 9 90 2000 1

173 1919 Chesneaux 1968 Walder 1984 1949 19 1949 20 Walder 1984: 41 1920 1978 1949

174 Clarke 1993: 26 Labour Collective Pun and Chan 2008 1949 1978 1920 2000, 2003 Chen 2006

175 Chen 2006: 43 Lee 2007: 195, 204 Pun 2005: 23-24

176 2005: 24-25 2 Thompson 1963: 10-11 Edwards 2000: 142 Thompson 1978: 49 Thompson 1963 1978 2 Pun 2005: 20

177 30 3 1978 2007 3 80 90 2004 2007 2010 Chan and Pun 2009; Chan, 2010a, 2010b, 2012c

178 1995 4 Pun and Lu 2010 4 1995 1848 1871

179 Lee 2007: 195 Lee 2007: 202 Lee 2007: 236 Lee 2007: 164 Lee 2007: 175 Lee 2007: 24

180 Chan and Hui 2012 NGO Chan 2012a 2011

181 1990 2004 CLB 2007 2005 7 2005; CLB 2007; Chen 2010

182 2007 4 300 5300 8000 700 20 3 1000 3% 500 33 5 2005 Lee 2007: 236 5 2008 4 8 ESRC Clarke and Pringle 2007

183 2000 419 2004 480 2005 7 580 2006 7 710 2007 8 2007 8 9 8000 2006 300 500 30 810

184 3000 2007 8 9 NGO 9 850 750 2007 10 8 10

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186 Lee 2007: 237 Chan 2010a 6 Lee 2007: 160-161 2001 WTO FDI 6 2004 Chan 2009; Chan 2010a

187 2001 14.9% 2002 12.4% 2003 13.3% 2004 2003 90 2004 2004 2 10 Wright 2000 7 Lee 2007: 4 Chan 2009: 74 2004 Franzosi 1995 7 Wright 2000 associational power structural power market place work place

188 Thompson 1978; Edwards 2000 2007 8 8

189 9 Chan 2010a 9 Chan 2010b

190 Clarke 1978 Lee 2007: 11, 176

191 2008 2007 2007 2008 5 Clarke and Pringle 2007 2006 2008 1 1 2008 10 11 NGO 10 2007 12 18 11 NGO NGO

192 2007 9 NGO NGO 9 10 347 11 12 1000 2004 2006 2006 2006 2007 2007 12 31 12 2007 12 16

193 1000 2007 10 16 NGO Clarke and Pringle 2007; Chan 2009, 2010a 2008 1 80 50

194 2007 1 12 100 Clarke 1991 1985 2004 2008

13 195 Chan 2009 Lee 2007: 29 NGO 13 2010 5 Chan and Hui 2012

196 patron-client relations Chan 2001 14 Lee 2007 14 2008 Chan 2012b

197 Chan and Pun 2009; Chan 2010b, 2012c 2001 2004 Chan 2009, 2010a voice exit Hirschman 1970 Clarke 1978

198 15 The Challenge of Labour in China Routledge, 2010 15 2008 2008 2009 2010 2010 6 13 2010Chan and Hui 2012; Chan 2012c

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