2 (2008. 2, ) 1847 (O. Awakum) (V. Grigorπyev),, ( I. J. Schm idt), 1848 1850, (D. Banzarov), 1926, (H. Yule), ( yenisei tablet),, 1941, (N. N. Poppe)

: 1846,,,,,, aldaqu,, : 1846, ( Yenisei) (M inu sinsk Circuit), 1212, 3165,,,,,,, ( G. M. (Herm tage) Ananπyin),

2 (2008. 2, ) 1847 (O. Awakum) (V. Grigorπyev),, ( I. J. Schm idt), 1848 1850, (D. Banzarov), 1926, (H. Yule), ( yenisei tablet),, 1941, (N. N. Poppe), aldaqu,, 1957 (J. R. Krueger),,,, aldaqu, ( I. J. (D. Banzarov), (H. (N. N., (J. R. Schm idt), 4 ( 9),, 1848 (N. Ts. Munkuyev) ( Simferopol), 16 2, 1977 2 1, 1850 Yule) 2 7,, 1926, 353 Poppe),,, 1941 Krueger),, 1957,, 1920 (,, 1933 )

3,,,, :, :, :,,,, ;,,,,, ( ),, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1980 4 ( ) 2585, (5),, 1988,

4 (2008. 2, ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (1212) :,,,,,,,,,,, (1215),,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

,,,,,,,,,, 5 : ( ),, ( 1219),, :,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1926,,, 1959, 121

6 (2008. 2, ),,,, (1221),,,,,, :,,, ( ),,, : :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (13),, 1983,,,, (13),

,, 7, ( ), ( ), ( ) ( ),,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1934 (, 1930 ),,,, (, 1995 ),,,, 30,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2001

8 (2008. 2, ),,, ( Juvaini) ( Em ir),, (1260), ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (1269), (Juvaini),,,,, 1980, 300 (J. A. Boyle),, 1958, 257, (C. Dawson),, 1955 ;,,, 1983, 178,,,, 787,, 2002, 323

:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : 9,,,,, :,,,, 313, 313

10 (2008. 2, ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,, 102 103, 313

11,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,, : (978),,, 313,, 165

12 (2008. 2, ),,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,, :,,,,,,,, pabulication No. 42,,,,,,,,,,,,, (1),,, 1958,

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :?? 13, :,,,, 313 314 ;, 313,

14 (2008. 2, ) :,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, :,, 1881 (Bogotol) ( Pozdneyev), 39 2,,,, 1995, 312,,,,

,,,,,, 1846,,,, 15,,,,, :,, 164

16 (2008. 2, ) ( ) ( G. Deveria) (W. W. Rockhill),,, 1941,,,,,, 1957,, 1986,, : By the strength of eternal Heaven. Let the name of the emperor be sacred. He who has no respect shall be guilty and die. : ; ; ( G. Deveria ), 9 8, 1896 ; (W. W. Rockhill),, 1900 113,, 128 68 70, 101 102, 68 70,, 1986, 233 236

,, aldaqu,,,, 17 c n dur,,,,,, boltuqaji,, nere qutuqtaji nere qutuqtaji :, qutu tu qutu, 2taj, 2tu,,,, k n πeulu bugiregu aladaqu πeukugu, :,,, k n,, who, bugiregu,,,, 1986, 7192, 70 102, 235

18 (2008. 2, ) aldaqu,, πeukugu,, to be slain and must die. aldaqu shall be guilty and die., : aldaqu, aldaqu ( nom futuri),, ( ),,,, hei (D. D ra2 gunov) (mandarin) i, hei aldaqu,,, :,,,, 1996,,, 2004, 176 180 ( 2007 4 ) πaldaqu kπugu, 2k /2gu,,, bolt qπayi πaldaqu πuk gu boltuqπayi,,,,,,, : aldaqu 2qu,,

,,, aldaqu?, alda2,,,, ( aldal),, ( alda),,,, alda,,, 19 1203,, (Jasaq), 1219,,,,,,,,,, (old word)

20 (2008. 2, ),, ( aldaqu),,, ( ), (J. A. Boyle) usage, (Rashid al2 D in), 1219, [ ] ( ain) ( ya sa ) ( y s n),, ( y s n, ), :, : (y s n) (ygsgq),,,,,,,, 27 35 (V. A. R ia2 sanovsky),, 1929 ;, 10, 1938,, 28;, 25,,,, 1983, 272,, 27;, 24, O rdinances,,, 355

,,,,,,,,, 21 :,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,, ( ),,,,, 1988, 79,,, 1986, 329,,, 1955, 104

22 (2008. 2, )?,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, :,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,, 335, 30 4, 1929

23,, :,,,,,,,,,,,, al2 daqu,,,, alda aldatuqai (1362) 33 πeulu u πajuqun πaldaqun,,, πaldaqun,,,, 1987, 183,,, 478,,, 104

24 (2008. 2, ) πaldaqun,,, πaldaqun,,, alda2 aldaqu,, : ( ),, ( ), ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,, (Nyuki) 1858,,, 2 353

25,,,, ( )

26 (2008. 2, ) HAL F TH E LEN G TH AN D BREAD TH O F O R IG IN AL TABLE D πo R D E COMM AND EM EN T, THE PA IZA O F TH E M O N GOLS FROM A S PEC IM EN FO U ND IN E. S IB ER IA ( H. Y ule) ( The Book of Ser M arcopolo)

Abstracts A Re2d iscussion on the M ongolian Rectangle Card Found in Y en ise i, Russia in 1846 CaiMeibiao (p. 1) This paper re 2discusses the Mongolian rectangle card which was found in Yenisei, Russia in 1 8 4 6. It is composed of two parts. The first part studies the source of the rectangle card. Chengjisihan, the establisher of the Mongol Kingdom, adop ted the system of the J in Dynasty to award cards to meritorious officers and p rivileged em issaries. The cards at that tim e were engraved w ith U ighur scrip t on the fagade. However, from the reign of Yuan Shizu, they were engraved w ith Phags2pa scrip t instead and were awarded to officers according to their ranks: jinhufu ( tiger2 patterned rectangle gold card with pearl, ) to w anhu ( ), pinjinpai ( rectangle silver card with gold scrip t, ) to qianhu ( ) and yinpai ( p lain rectangle silver card, ) to baihu ( ). The Yenisei rectangle silver card engraved with gold scrip t, based on the textual research, should be the pin jinpa i awarded to the qianhu who garrisoned Mobei ( Outer Monglia ) after the reign of Yuan Shizu. The second part of the paper re 2translates and re 2exp lains the Phags2pa scrip t on the fagade of the card. It argues that the disputable Chinese translation from the word πaldaqu has different connotations with the change of the decrees of the Mongol Kingdom and Yuan Dynasty.