*** * Assistant administrator, Economics and Management School of Wuhan University ** Lecturer, Economics and Management School of Wuhan University 37
Past, Present and Future of Reform Strategies for China s Examination-based Civil Service Employment System Ding Huang* Tian Yunxiang** Abstract By means of literature analysis, this article explores China s examinationbased civil service employment system in five parts. In the first part, major theories of examination-based employment are mentioned, along with the challenges facing change-minded governments worldwide and their common approaches to managing human resources. In fact, such challenges and trends in human resource management are closely related to reforms in civil service exams/employment. Secondly, the focuses of China s recent reform efforts in this area are systematically reviewed to derive their underlying significance. In the final part of this article, advice is offered on the existing practices that are questionable and/or call for improvement, as well as the outlook for reforms in China s civil service exams/employment mechanism. Keywords: China, civil service, examination-based employment, reform strategies 38 國 家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.28 第 七 卷 第 四 期
1980 2010 2011 2015 200720092010 2008 2009 39
2005 2002 40 國 家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.28 第 七 卷 第 四 期
41 2005 RobbinsJudge2011 1 21 OECD2005 2008
Rexed, 2008 O E C D 2 0 0 8 OECD Managing Change in OECD Governments: An Introductory Framework Melchor, 2008 OECD Melchor, 2008 42 國 家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.28 第 七 卷 第 四 期
1989 1 2 1982 9 1993 8 1 200920062004 1997 2 2008.03.11 2008331 43
1994 6 1995 4 2006 2007 ( ) 2011 2 2010 70% 85% 2 2012 2011 44 國 家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.28 第 七 卷 第 四 期
2010 52 10%15% 2011 3 4 2011 2009 4 7 3 2009 9 6 5 2010 4 13 4.7 120 2011 4 21 16 3 4 2006 16 45
5 2011 1994 5 2010 9 6 http://zqb.cyol.com/content/2010-09/06/content_3407081.htm 46 國 家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.28 第 七 卷 第 四 期
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48 國 家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.28 第 七 卷 第 四 期
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2009 2010 35 2011 35 40 1969 10 15 50 國 家 NATIONAL ELITE NO.28 第 七 卷 第 四 期
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2009 (1)132-133 2005 2007 9(9)90-91 2008 46(5)12-23 2005 (6)71-73 1997 200621 2011 2008 4(3)81-102 2010 (2)15-18 2010 (4)61-64 2006 (22)1-46 2005 (5)29-60. 2009 (22) 75 2009 5(3)113-138 2006 (20)16-17 2004 (5)109-110 2002 (14)135-165 2004 9 2004 2009 4 Melchor, O. H. (2008). Managing Change in OECD Governments: An Introductory Framework. Paris: OECD. Rexed, K. (2008). Challenges of Human Resources management For Multi- Level Government-Final Report. Paris: OECD. 55