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2 : 281 3041 3042 3043, 1020 %, 2040 %, 40 % 3050 /, 3051 /,1015 % 3052 /,1540 % 3053 /,40 % 3090, 6410, 6411 6412 6413, ( ) 1020 %, ( ) 2050 %, ( ) 50 % 6420, ( ) 214 2005 ( ),,,,, (3) 3 Tab13 The remote sensing classif ication system on grassland degradation trend 1 2, 2, / /, 2, / / 3,, 4 5,,,, 3 (1) MA,,,
282 28 15, 75 (2), 30 [19 ] [20 ],, :, ;, ;, ;,, ( 95 % 60 %),, (3),,, (4),,, : [ 1 ] 1 1 20051 1541 [ 2 ] Doris C, Cristan S K, Marcus J L, et al1 Ecosystems and Human Well2being : Multiscale Assessment s1 Volume 41 OilslandPress, 20051 16301 [ 3 ],,, 1 ()1 :,20071 A6-71 [ 4 ],,,1 1, 2002,57 (5) : 5175211 [ 5 ] Waiz R1 Development of environmental indicator systems : Experiences from Germany1 Environmental Manage2 ment, 2000, 25 (6) :6136231 [ 6 ],,,1 1, 2002,18 (1) :67711 [ 7 ],,,1 1,2008,17 (2) : 1431501 [ 8 ] Costanza R1 The value of t he world s ecosystem services and natural capital1 Nature, 1997,387 :2532601 [ 9 ],, 1 1,2001,21 (11) : 188618901 [ 10 ],, 1 1,1999,19 (5) : 6076131 [ 11 ],,,1 1,2003,21 (2) :50551 [ 12 ],,,1 1, 2004,24 (6) :110111101 [ 13 ],,,1 1 :,20061 2392681 [ 14 ],,, 1 1,2004, (6) :1071091 [ 15 ],, 1 1, 2008,30 (2) :981041 [ 16 ],,, 1 1, 2006, 27 (2) :79811 [ 17 ],,1 1,2008,19 (10) : 218221881 [ 18 ] The H1 John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics and t he Environment1 The State of t he Nation s Ecosys2,,,1 1 2007 6.,,,1 12009 1.
2 : 283 tems1 New York : Cambridge University Press, 2002112701 [ 19 ],, 1 30 1, 2008,63 (4) :3644751 [20 ],,,1 30 1,2008, 27 (4) : 8298371 The integrated assessment indicator system of grassland ecosystem in the Three 2River Headwaters region L IU Ji2yuan, SHAO Quan2qin, FAN Jiang2wen ( Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China) Abstract :Based on the MA concept ual f ramework and characteristics of grassland ecosys2 tem in t he Three2River Headwaters regio n, we p ropo sed an integrated assessment index system of grassland ecosystem of t he region. In this system, t here are 4 indicator group s, of which, 15 indicators at t he first level, and 75 indicators at t he second level, which are used for assessing grassland eco system st ruct ure, supporting, regulating and p rovisio ning services. The integrated assessment index system of grassland eco system is aimed at char2 acteristics of grassland ecosystem in t he Three2River Headwaters region in the eastern Ti2 betan Plateau and the human demands for this region. This system includes a set of indica2 tors of land cover and grassland degradation for assessing t he grassland ecosystem struc2 t ure, and a set of indicators, for example, primary production and soil formation, etc., for assessing t he ecosystem supporting service, and a set of indicators, for example, carbon, evaporation and transpiration, run2off, etc., for assessing the eco system regulating serv2 ice, and a set of indicators, such as, water and grassland carrying capacity, etc., for asses2 sing t he ecosystem provisioning service. In t his system, we designed remote sensing clas2 sificatio n system o n grassland degradatio n in order to make a dynamic analysis o n t he process of grassland ecosystem degradation in t he decade time scale, and remote sensing classificatio n system o n grassland degradatio n t rend for assessing ecological effect of t he recent ecological restoration project in t he year time scale. Key words : Three2River Headwater s regio n ; grassland eco system ; integrated assessment indicator system ; remote sensing classificatio n system fo r grassland degrada2 tion