: the economy, and take the power of making resources p rice returned to the market gradually. Key words: im itation; innovation; path of technologica

Similar documents
2006 4,,,, TFP (,2003),, 90,,,, 2005,, ;,,,,,, (disembodied),,,, (,2003),,,,,, : y = Af ( k, l) : y, k, l, A, : = - -, ( ), ( ),,,,90,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,

: 3 :,,,,,,, :, 2005, , 26,, ( ) ,,?,,?,,, OECD, , 20 90,,,,,, , 3178,, 25 %, 40 %? 2004 :,

TOEIC®テスト Worldwide Report 2012<抜粋>

untitled

先进制造技术是近几年提得较多,叫得较响的一个专用词语,而且先进制造技术在机械制造业领域中的应用越来越广泛而深入,并取得了很大的成绩

Microsoft Word - WDRfinal_SIMP_CHINESE Reviewed.doc

标题

Schumpeter Mensch Freeman Clark Schumpeter Mensch 1975 technological stalemate 2000 Van Dujin 1977 OECD 1992 Freeman 1982 Van

Kuznets 1979 Rodrik 2008 Clark,1940 Lewis,1954 Chenery, 1986 Schultz 1956,1975 Dennison YJA

92

2012 D A % %

be invested on the desilting of water sources and to paved canals with cement mortar while drinking water project can focus on the improvement of wate

: : : :1996,??,,,,,,,, :,,,,, Goldsmith (1969) 35,, Shaw(1973) Gurley Shaw(1960), Demirg c2 Kunt Levin (2001) 150 (1992)

GDP % 0 GDP BP % % % % 8% % 5% 0

Alexander & Wyeth Dercon 1995 ECM - Johansen Goodwin 1992 VEC Asche 1999 Gonzalez 2001 ECM Goodwin

( ) : ( TFP) TFP, ( GDP) TFP ; OLS Panel Data Dynamic Panel Data ( GMM), : TFP, TFP, TFP TFP :,,, (TFP), Chow and Lin(2002) (

Chinese oil import policies and reforms 随 着 经 济 的 发 展, 目 前 中 国 石 油 消 费 总 量 已 经 跃 居 世 界 第 二 作 为 一 个 负 责 任 的 大 国, 中 国 正 在 积 极 推 进 能 源 进 口 多 元 化, 鼓 励 替 代

GCC % 2009 ~

标题

10 ( ) ( ) [5] 1978 : [1] (P13) [6] [1] (P217) [7] [1] (P19) : : [1] [4] (P1347) (P18) 1985 : [1] (P343) 1300 : [1] (P12) 1984 :

: 3 :,,,,,,,,,,,, :, 30 9 %, (1994) (The Myth of Asiaπs Miracle),,,,, 1997,,,,, :,,,,, (1994) 1998, 1998,,,,,,, ( ),, :,?,? 3,, :100871, e

R&D % % 92.27% 1.33% 3.54% % 7.47%


重 温 亚 洲 金 融 危 机 期 间 的 泰 铢 狙 击 战 和 港 币 保 卫 战 : 从 技 术 角 度 的 梳 理 管 涛 谢 峰 摘 要 : 当 代 货 币 攻 击 是 国 际 炒 家 在 货 币 外 汇 股 票 和 金 融 衍 生 品 市 场 同 时 对 一 种 货 币 发 动 进 攻

IPCC CO (IPCC2006) 1 : = ( 1) 1 (kj/kg) (kgc/gj) (tc/t)

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( Interational Chinese Language Education),, ;, ;, ;,,,,,,,, 2. 1,,,,, (MTCSOL),,,,,, 400

2 ( 326 ) No. 2 ( Serial No1326) Recent Developments in World Seismology February , 3) 2) 1) 1) 1) 1), ), ), 10003

1994 ~ % % 49% 2 GDP 1 2 Rawski GDP 1978 GDP 1978 =

by industrial structure evolution from 1952 to 2007 and its influence effect was first acceleration and then deceleration second the effects of indust



20 79 Bateman APRA ATO GDP APRA % %

38 : ,,, 1980, ;,,, :,,,, :,,,,,, ( ), ;, ,, ;, 1990,,,,,,,,,,,,, 10,,,,, 1980, ( ),,,,,, ;,,,,,,

8 ( ) %,GDP 2 %,,,,, GDP, GDP 1 %2 %,, GDP 2 %, 3 %,4. 7 %, 2002, % 3. 90,,,,, [ Z] [ Z].,. : 20 [ EB/ OL ]. http :/ /

WHO % http / /www. who. int /gho /en

中国主权资产负债表风险分析

EPSON Safety Instructions Manual

澳 门 蓝 皮 书 BLUE BOOK OF MACAU 澳 门 经 济 社 会 发 展 报 告 (2013~2014) ANNUAL REPORT ON ECONOMY AND SOCIETY OF MACAU ( ) 主 编 / 吴 志 良 郝 雨 凡 执 行 主 编 / 林 广


40 COMMEMORATING THE FORTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF REFORM AND OPENING UP ( ) ( ) [1] :

:, ,, 1985, ; ,,,, ,,, 1992,, 1 : 2005 ; ( ),, ,,,, 1996, 211 %,1997, ( %) ( ),1998,1998,, : 1998,

150 ( ) 36 [ 1 ],,,,,, [ 2 ],, ( ),,, ;, ;,,,,,,, ( 1 ),,, [ 4-5 ] 1 ( ),,,,,,,,,

标题

; ; ; ()1978~1985 : 1978~1985 : ( ) : % 73.9% 176.4% 87.8% 2.97 [1] 15.5% 1978~ % 14.8%


,,,,,,, :,,,,, ;,,,,,, : N = Y pr, dn N = dy Y - dpr pr, Y, N, pr,, (1),, ( : / ) :,, : t pr = e 1980 t = 1,t 9

~ % 967 /968 ~ 97 / / 977 ~ 98 / /963 ~ 97 / % 7. 7% 973 /974 ~ 979 /980. % % ~ 83 3

M 2 ΠGDP (1996) M2ΠGDP (2000) (2000) (2001) (2001) (2001) (2002) (2002) (2002) (2003) (2001) (2005) (2005) (2006) (2004) M2ΠGDP ; M2ΠGDP ; M2ΠG

:,,, (Naughton,1999 ;Xu,2002 ; Fan and Wei,2003 ;, 2004,2006 ;,2004,2006 ;,2006),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ISCP ( 1),, ISCP SCP ISCP,I( Institution) ; S ( Struc

Sept Arab World Studies No.5. Paul D. Miller, The Fading Arab Oil Empire, The National Interest, July/August 2012, Number 120, pp. 38-4

/ Quarterly Journal of International Politics 1

University of Science and Technology of China A dissertation for master s degree A Study on Cross-border M&A of Chinese Enterprises Author s Name: JIA

2008 5,,,,,,,,,, (,2002),,,?,,,,,, 1994 : 1994,, ( GDP ),, (,2004),,,,,,, highly decentralized,, decentralization, ( ),,,, fiscal decentralization (re

~ 05 55% / 4 04 IMF Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia January 05 p.. BP

,,,,,Modigliani - Miller Bernanke, Gertler Gilchrist 1996,, Bernanke, Gertler Gilchrist ( ) ( ),,,, Bernanke, Gertler Gilchrist (1999),,, RBC, Bernank

<4D F736F F D20D3C3BFB4B2BBBCFBB5C4CAD6D6CEC0EDCDA8D5CD332E646F63>

Microsoft Word - 43屆2011年國際化奧總報告 revised by FTS.doc

中国高技术产业的国际分工地位

(Microsoft Word r\275\327\244\345.doc)

2005 3,? :; ;, ;,,,,,,1 % %,,,,, 1 %,,,, : () ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,, (2004) ( GBΠT ) 16 (2004), (2004) 47

GDP % See Jin Hehui Qian Yingyi B. R. Weingast Regional Decentralization and Fiscal incentiv

%

,,,,,,,, (, 2007;, 2007;, 2008),, ; (, 2005;, 2007;, 2010), (, 2008;, 2005;,, 2008),, ;,, (, 2006;, 2006;, 2007) 1, ;, 1,,, X, i X (,

标题

3 : 3 285, ( 1) 2 1 Fig11 CD cover of the Electronic Version of the National Physical A tlas of China 211 ( 2), ;, ;, ; 2 Fig12 System structure of th

标题

标题

Maxwell [8] GDP Lipschitz McDonald [9] ULC [10] HBS [11] [12] [13] BIS IMF JP JP VAR [5] 1 W i = xi n Σx i k=1 1 4 Vol.24

境外人民币期货的现状与趋势分析.doc

Microsoft Word - bxyj2007_01_zongdi225.doc

: D EA, , GDP 1. 79% 3. 66%, %, SO %, 2008,,,,,,,,? :,,,,,, 20% 10%,,,,, (, 2008)?,,,,, (, 2008),,,,?, (, 2007),,,,??, 2007,

,, 21,,, ,,,,,, ,, ,, M2 16 %,,, 20 (2007 ),, ,,,,,,,,,,, :,, ; (M2), ;,, (M0) (M1) (M2),,, Abeyrat na Guna

WTO

第一部分 大国兴衰与人力资源开发

17 20 ;,,,,,15 ;,, 3 (Push2Pull Theory),,,, 20 70, (Bertil Lintner) ,, [1 ], 17, :(17-19 ),,,,,2000,,,,, 15,,,,,,,,, 17,1511,1570, 1626,

96 ( ) 36, Tobin,,, Tobin [ 3 ],, Tobin,,,,,, [ 4 ] ; (2004),,, [ 5 ]2-5 ; ( 2003 ) Granger, Granger, [ 6 ]50-56, (VAR ),,,, (MS - VEC) ( regimes),, [

國立中山大學學位論文典藏.PDF

2. 1%, % 3. 3% 6. 9%? Harrigan Barrows( ) 2005, 2005,,,,, ;, Harrigan Barrows , %, 5% ;, 2%, 7%, 2005, 21%, Ha

(Bluesky_MO) Redacted_.indb

1.2 资 金 的 管 理 1.1 权 利 义 务 来 源 MOU 1.3 数 据 的 使 用 和 保 护 2 国 际 空 间 站 资 源 分 配 方 案 54

Centre link Ernst Hass integration

% GIS / / Fig. 1 Characteristics of flood disaster variation in suburbs of Shang

2 : 87,,, :,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, [ 3 ],,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, :,,,,,,,,,, : (),,,, [ 2 ] ( ),,,,,, [ 2 ] ( ),,, [ 2 ] ( ),,,,,,,,,,, :,, %, [ 4 ] 25,

B1--B12

,,,,, 1972 ; 60, 60,,, 1, 30, 6 10,,,, ,,, IU SSP,,,,,,, 1/ 5,,,,, 1952,,,, 3p, pop ulation, poverty, pollution (,, ), 3p IU SSP,, 1.

() ( ) : OECD ( ) 8 20 ; (Aizenman Pasricha 2009) () (Chiang Mai Initiative CMI) ( 0+3) ( ) CM

% % % % % % % % : 11. 9: 12. 8:

Tenure-track Tenure-track WTO Peer Effect 46

Rawski Nolanand Ash Caiand Li 2002 Stiglitz , 2 [1]

标题

World Bank World Bank 2000 Li Dong Torgler a 2010b 3 Huang 2002 GDP Blanchard Shleifer 2000 capture

Microsoft Word - A doc


. OER

Girton Roper (1977),,,,,, ( ),,,,,,, ( Exchange Market Pressure) 30 EMP, EMP EMP,Girton Roper (1977), ,,, Kim(1985) ,,, T

标题

中国科技论文在线中文稿件模板

Microsoft Word 'X test3.doc

:1949, 1936, 1713 %, 63 % (, 1957, 5 ), :?,,,,,, (,1999, 329 ),,,,,,,,,, ( ) ; ( ), 1945,,,,,,,,, 100, 1952,,,,,, ,, :,,, 1928,,,,, (,1984, 109

國立中山大學學位論文典藏.PDF

Transcription:

2010 4 :, (, 150080;, 210029) :,, :,,,,,,,,, : ; ; ; : F061. 2; F120. 3 : A : 1002-9753 (2010) 04-0050 - 12 Ana lysis on the Cause of Susta ined Growth of Ch inese Econom y: the Perspective of the Pa th of Technolog ica l Progress W E I Feng, FENG Shi - De ( Center of Productivity S tudy, Heilongjiang U niversity, Harbin 150080, China; School of Econom ic, N anjing A udit U niversity, N anjing 210029, China) Abstract:Based on the typ ical facts that sum up Chinaπs econom ic growth, we confirm that Chinaπs economy is able to catch up successfully and technological advances will be roughly on the path through the following three stages: im itation stage, from im itation to innovation transitional period and the innovation stage. The dynam ic analysis in this model shows that when certain conditions are not met, the steady - state point of the power system would be converged to im ita2 tion stage, so the country be therefore caught in the trap state of econom ic stagnation. If the government can distort do2 mestic p rices of p roduction factors and devaluate native currency to imp rove corporateπs p rofitability, it is extremely ef2 fective that for the countries caught in the trap out of econom ic stagnation, and to accelerate the growth rate of the catch - up country. If the advent of the transitional phase from im itation to innovation of China are com ing, the p romoting role to econom ic growth of im itation and FD Iwill be decreased, while the contribution of R & D for econom ic growth will be increased significantly. To maintain long - term stable econom ic growth, the government should reduce the distortions in : 2009-08 - 01 : 2010-04 - 01 : 2009(, : 09YJC790151) : 50 : (1979 - ),,,, :

: the economy, and take the power of making resources p rice returned to the market gradually. Key words: im itation; innovation; path of technological p rogress; Chinsπs econom ic growth, ( 2008) [ 1 ],,, 32. 9% 1981,35%, 40% 2007 51. 2% ( 2007) ( ), (1992 ),, 30% 40% [ 2 ], [ 3-5 ], Shan (2006),, Young Lau, [ 6 ], ; 2003-2008 GDP,, 1 2003-2007 GDP 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 418 510 517 515 613 518 618 513 518 613 419 614 510 514 712 315 910 713 812 717 711 613 415 511 418 215 319 312 219 212 018 211 113 217 216 411 513 419 319 318 : Global Market Information Da2 tabase ( GM ID ) http: / /www. portal. euromonitor. com /portal/ server. p t, : %, (2006) FD I,,, [ 8 ], Howitt Aghion (1992) [ 9 ] Ofer, G. (1987)( the pattern of extensive growth) [ 7 ] ( ) ( ) 299, 2005 6%, 413 ( http: / / jp. mofcom. gov. cn /column /p rint. shtm l/ jmxw /200506 /20050600108697),, (2007) 51

2010 4 Greenwood (1997) [ 10 ] Bernanke (2001) [ 11 ],,,, Barro (1997) [ 12 ],,,, [ 13-14 ],, Aghion & Howitt(1992) [ 9 ] Schumpeter,, Solow (2007), ( Solow) (Aghion & Howitt) Schumpet2 er, [ 17 ],,,, ;,,, Acemoglu, Zilibotti, & Aghion ( 2006 ) [ 18 ],, ;, 1965 1996 OECD ( OECD,, ),,,, (, ),, [ 15-16 ] ( low - barrier group) : Chile, Ghana, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Jamaica, Malaysia, N igeria, Pakistan, Peru, Sin2 gapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tunisia, U ruguay, Zambia Zimbabwe; ( high - barrier group) A rgentina, Bo2 livia, B razil, Burkina Faso, Colombia, Dom inican Republic, Ecuador, Egyp t, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Korea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, the Philipp ines, Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda, and Venezuela 52

:,,,,,,,,, 2008 GDP,, 30,,,, :,, 19, 9. 2% ; 20, 9. 9% ; 21, 8. 7% ; 26, 9. 5% ; 30, 8. 5% 30,,, : ( ),,, 2 1978-2007 1978 1979 1990 2000 2006 2007 1979-2007 4. 4 4. 2 2. 9 4. 1 3. 9 3. 8 3. 0 5. 6 3. 2 1. 9 3. 7 2. 9 2. 2 2. 9 3. 1 3. 9 3. 6 3. 9 2. 7 2. 6 2. 2 5. 3 5. 5 5. 2 2. 9 2. 2 2. 1 2. 4 11. 7 7. 6 3. 8 8. 4 11. 6 11. 9 9. 8 8. 5 11. 6 3. 9 8. 0 7. 0 6. 4 5. 6 9. 3 6. 8 9. 2 8. 5 5. 1 5. 0 6. 4 8. 5 9. 4 9. 2 10. 1 9. 4 7. 7 7. 1 6. 7 9. 3 9. 0 8. 9 5. 9 5. 7 6. 2 5. 7-5. 2 5. 5 4. 0 9. 7 9. 0 5. 7-3. 0 10. 0 7. 4 8. 1 0. 1 3 3. 2 6. 8-4. 3 4. 3 3. 7 5. 4 2. 7 : http: / /extsearch. worldbank. org/ servlet/ : 3 1989-2007, : % 3 : ( ) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 62740 68353 67737 72707 85674 95449 110776 142271 201722 251620 316589 405177 36173 35968 33621 35571 40554 42408 45179 53408 70229 83750 98910 119686 0. 58 0. 53 0. 50 0. 49 0. 47 0. 44 0. 41 0. 38 0. 35 0. 33 0. 31 0. 30 : 2008, : 2008 2008 http: / /www. stats. gov. cn 2008 53

2010 4,, 2007, (R&D ) 70. 4%, R&D R&D, R&D, 2007, R&D R&D 72. 3%, R&D, R&D R&D 60%, 77% ; 70. 3% ; 50% ; ( ), 35%, 2000,, 2007 51. 2%, 1000, 76. 5% (, 1950-1970 ) 3000,, 60% - 80%, 40%,, FD I 1992 100, 2002 500, 2008 4 3000 % ( ) % ( ) 2000 83. 0 2980 1972 82. 0 2832 2000 81. 7 2980 1960 81. 0 2787 1990 80. 4 3220 2001 79. 8 3090 1970 73. 3 2970 1970 72. 7 2990 1987 63. 4 3230 1972 61. 0 2745 : http: / /extsearch. worldbank. org/ servlet/ : 2008 1 1983 2008 54

: FD I,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,, 30,,,,, ( ), ( R&D ) R&D, R&D ( ) R&D R&D 1991, GDP,, 1991 1999 700, GDP 0. 55% 0. 75%, ;,, 2000 895. 7, 2008 4570, GDP, GDP, 2000 0. 91% 2008 1. 52% 5 1985 1990 1995 1999 2003 2007 ( % ) 38 32 40 42 47 43 ( % ) 87 82 82 84 82 75 ( % ) 0. 00 0. 02 0. 04 0. 05 0. 07 0. 11 :2008 2 1991 2008 : 2008 2008 (R&D),, 55

2010 4, ( ) 2007, 2611, 70% OECD 2007 ( ), 1978, 355, GDP 9. 7% ; 1993, GDP 31. 9% ; 2005, 11. 7, GDP 63. 8% 1993 2007 16. 7 2005, 43% 2007 7. 8%, 11. 3% 8. 5%,, 2007 43. 8%, 2008 25616,,, 1984, 260, 47. 65%, (5. 71% ) ( 15. 27% ) (23. 02% ) (2. 20% ) 1990, 71. 58%,,, 2003, 3 6 2007 281090 31802 23860 21738 13338 11654 10528 10412 11. 3 8. 5 7. 8 4. 7 4. 1 3. 7 3. 7 : 2008 56

: 7 1984 1990 1995 2000 2005 2007 ( % ) 5171 3149 1169 1109 0152 ( % ) 15127 12165 8125 5144 3123 2152 3 ( % ) 23102 8131 3158 3114 2130 1164 3 ( % ) 47165 71158 84113 88122 91188 94195 3 ( % ) 2120 2108 2110 1190 1186 : http: / /ceicdata. securities. com; 3 2008, (2009a, 2009b) [ 15-16 ],,, 80%,,,,,, ( ),,,,, (2007) [ 21 ],, 2%, OECD, 61. 2%, ( ) 2005, 2007 12684, 11150, 88%,,,,,, :, 1 /10 1 /20, ;, ( 2007) 2004 7650. 7, GDP 31223. 4 24. 5% [ 22 ] 35% - 50% 8 OECD ( % ) 211418 (1980-2001) 314757 (1964-2003) 411092 (1970-2003) 415654 (1980-2003) ( % ) 20106 (1985-2001) 7112 (1964-2003) 6126 (1975-2003) 6101 (1980-2003) GDP ( % ) 16106 (1981-2001) 7125 (1964-2003) 5164 (1970-2003) 6119 (1980-2003) : (2007) [ 21 ] 57

2010 4 9 2001-2005 ( ) ( / ) ( / ) 2001 8961 5502 10870 0. 506 2002 9400 5597 12422 0. 451 2003 9820 5279 14040 0. 376 2004 11823 6471 16024 0. 404 2005 12578 6577 18405 0. 357 : 2001-2005 2005, [ 22 ],,,,,,,,,, 1994, 1994 1 1 8. 7, 1995 6, 1: 8. 28 (2004) CP I, 1987,, 1992,,, Tyers(2008) 1995,,,,,, [ 23 ] 95, 4 CP I (1987 = 100) : International Monetary Fund, 2004, International Financial Statistics, W ashington DC: InternationalMonetary Fund. 58

: : [ 23 ] 5 1995,,,, 2005 7 2. 1%,,,,,,, ;,,, [ 15 ],,,, ;,,,,,,,, ;,, ( 2009b) [ 16 ] 59

2010 4 ; ;,, :,,,,,,,,,,,, FD I ( ),,,,,,,,,, 60,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : 1) 2) ;,, ;, ;

:,, ( ) ( ),,,,,,,, : [ 1 ]. [M ]., 2008. [ 2 ],. [ J ]., 2007, (5). [ 3 ] Krugman P. The Myth of A siaπs M iracle [ J ]. Foreign Af2 fairs. 1994, 73 (6) : 62-78. [ 4 ]. : [ J ]., 2002, (6) : 3-14. [ 5 ]. [M ]. :, 2006. [ 6 ] Shan W. Chinaπs low - p rofit growth model[ J ]. Far East2 ern Econom ic Review, 2006, (November). [ 7 ]Ofer G. Soviet Econom ic Growth: 1928-1985 [ J ]. Jour2 nal of Econom ic L iterature, 1987, 25 (4) : 1767-1833. [ 8 ]. [ J ]., 2006, (4) : 4-14. [ 9 ]Aghion P, Howitt P. A Model of Growth Through Creative Destruction[ J ]. Econometrica. 1992, 60 ( 2) : 323-351. [ 10 ] Greenwood H, Krusell. Long - run Imp lications of In2 vestment - Specific Technological Change [ J ]. American Eco2 nom ic Review. 1997, 87 (3) : 363-382. [ 11 ]Bernanke B S, G rkaynak R S. Is Growth Exogenous? Taking Mankiw, Romer, and W eil Seriously[ J ]. NBER Mac2 roeconom ic Annual, 2001, 16: 11-57. [ 12 ]Barro R J, Sala - I - Martin X. Technological D iffusion, Convergence, and Growth [ J ]. 1997, (3) : 1-26. Journal of Econom ic Growth, [ 13 ],. : 1952 1998 [ J ]., 2002, (11) : 3-11. [ 14 ],,,. : [ J ]., 2007, 42 (11) : 18-31. [ 15 ]. [ J ]., 2009, (3) : 39-46. [ 16 ]. [D ]. :, 2009. [ 17 ] Solow R M. The Last 50 Years in Growth Theory and the Next 10 [ J ]. Oxford Review of Econom ic Policy, 2007, 23 (1) : 3-14. [ 18 ]Acemoglu D, Zilibotti F, Aghion P. D istance to Fron2 tier, Selection, and Econom ic Growth [ J ]. ropean Econom ic A ssociation, 2006, 4 (1) : 37-74. Journal of the Eu2 [ 19 ]Lucas R E. On the mechanics of econom ic development [ J ]. Journal of Monetary Econom ics, 1988, 22: 3-42. [ 20 ],,. [ J ]., 2009, (1) : 4-16. [ 21 ],. : [ J ].. 2007, (4) : 53-66. [ 22 ]. [ J ].. 2007, (4) : 75-78. [ 23 ] Tyers R, Golley J. Chinaπs Real Exchange Rate Puzzle [ J ]. Journal of Econom ic Integration, 2008, 23 ( 3 ) : 547-574. [ 24 ] A ltenburg T, Schm itz H, Stamm A. China and India transition from p roduction to innovation [ J ]. World Develop2 ment, 2008, 36 (2) : 325-344. [ 25 ]. [ J ].. 2001, (10) : 73-79. ( : ) 61