25 2011 3 * 1 2 3 4 1 2 / 3 4 0. 1 5? * 863 2007AA01Z173 60573185 07AYY04 318
father mother parent father male parent of a child or animal. mother female parent of a child or animal. parent 1 father or mother. parent father mother father mother parent 1 2 = / + / addressor ADR addressee ADE 1 base profile focus 1 Y X 319
25 2011 3 Langacker 1999 28 aunt husband wife = M F Ego 0. 2 generative lexicon theory qualia structure Pustejovsky 1995 85-87 social structure 1. 1 / / Relative Event EV 2 2 320
1. 2 3 marriage relation MA MA R ADR ADE = MA MA bear relation BE R ADR ADE = BE ADR ADE AGE ADR > AGE ADE SEX ADE = female ADE ADR blood relationship BL / 4 / / 3 4 321
25 2011 3 sibling relationship SR / bring-up relation BU / / ADE ADR / R ADE ADR = BE PH ADE - PH ADR = 1 R ADE ADR = BU ADR ADR BU R ADE R ADE ADR ADR = BU BU t t 1 ADE ADR MA R ADE BR1 t 1 MA t 2 BR ADE / MA t 1 < t 2 t 1 t 2 2. 1 Adressor-role ADR Adressee-role ADE 5 5 Leech 1974 239 ego alter 322
Bridgerole BR Comparative Role CO Adressor-role ADR Adressee-role ADE ADR Bridge-role BR ADR ADE Comparative-role CO ADR ADE 2. 2 SEX position in the family hierarchy PH AGE 6 BR ADR ADE BR1 BR2 ADR ADE BR1 BR2 ADR ADE ADR ADE / / / ADR ADE ADR ADE ADR ADE BR ADR ADE BR ADR ADE 7 ADR ADE BR CO SEX male female PH - 5 5 8 AGE > = < 6 7 / / / 8 Feng 1936 1915 86 teknonmy / / / / ADR ADR / / / / ADR / / ADR / / ADR 323
25 2011 3 SEX BR = female SEX BR1 SEX BR2 PH BR - PH ADE = 1 AGE ADE > AGE ADR 3. 1 BR ADR ADE BR BR Principle of Morpheme Linear Order PM BR BR1 BR2 CO Principle of Relationship Intimateness PR ADR ADR ADE ADR ADE ADE ADR BR ADR ADE ADR ADE ADR ADR ADR BR1 ADE BR2 PM First Principle PF PM > PR BR BR BR1 BR1 / 3. 2 PH PH ADR = PH ADE ADR ADE AGE PH > AGE 324 ADR ADE
PH ADR ADE ADR BR1 BR PH BR1 ADE BR ADR ADE ADR ADE 3. 3 voca- tive VO designative DE 1 ADR ADE ADR ADE 2 ADR ADE 9 S1 X + / + Y + + S2 X + Y + + 3. 4 BR 1 ADR ADR SEX ADR = male female ADR ADR > ADE > BR > CO > EV BR ADR BR AGE ADR > AGE BR AGE BR < AGE ADR BR 9 325
25 2011 3 ADR ADE BR ADR ADE BR / EV ADR ADE BR CO EV EV ADR ADE ADE BR CO ADR ADE BR ADR BR CO ADR ADE BR ADR BR CO EV EV ADR ADE BR CO BE BU MA BE BU SR BR BR ADR ADE BR PH SEX 326
zhànɡfu < > 1 ADR ADE ADR ADR 2 ADR SEX ADR = female SEX ADE = male ADE [ R ADR ADE = MA 3 01 māmɑ < / > 1 ADR ADE ADR ADR ADR 2 ADR SEX ADR = male female SEX ADE = female ADE R ADE ADR = BE PH ADE - PH ADR = 1 327
25 2011 3 3 01 ɡēɡe < / > / / 1 ADR ADE ADR ADR / BR1 ADR ADE / 2 ADR SEX ADR = male female SEX ADE = male ADE R ADE ADR = SR AGE ADE > AGE ADR R BR1 ADR = BE BR1 R BR1 ADE = BE PH BR1 - PH ADR = 1 3 zhínǚxū < > 328 1 ADR ADE ADR BR1 ADR ADR ADE BR2 ADR BR1 2 ADR SEX ADR = male female SEX ADE = male ADE [ SEX BR1 = female
PH ADR - PH BR1 = 1 BR1 SEX BR2 = male BR2 R BR2 ADR = SR [ R BR2 BR1 = BE R BR1 ADE = MA 3 yǎnɡfù < > 1 ADR ADE ADR CO ADR ADR ADE EV ADE CO ADR 2 ADR SEX ADR = male female SEX ADE = male ADE [ R ADE ADR = BU SEX CO = male CO R CO ADR = BE PH CO - PH ADR = 1 EV = ADOPT-FROM ADE CO ADR ADE CO ADR 3 329
25 2011 3 ɡānmā < / > 1 ADR ADE ADR CO ADR ADR ADE EV ADR ADE ADR 2 ADR SEX ADR = male female ADE SEX ADE = female SEX CO = female CO R CO ADR = BE PH CO - PH ADR = 1 Acknowledge-As ADR ADE CO = EV ADR CO ADE 3 1 / 330
2 3 瑏瑠 863 瑏瑡 / sense template 1998 /2000 58-62 template matching Best J. B. 1998 /2000 瑏瑠 2010 瑏瑡 2009 2010 331
25 2011 3 2009 16 2010 3 A. S. Hornby 2009 1915 2010 42 2005 5 Chen T. S. & J. K. Shryock 1932 Chinese relationship terms. American Anthropologist 34 623-669. Feng H. Y. 1936 Teknonymy as a Formative Factor in the Chinese Kinship System. American Anthropologist 38 59-66. Langacker W. Ronald 1999 Assessing the cognitive linguistic enterprise. In Theo Janssen & Gisela Redeker eds. Cognitive Linguistics Foundations Scope and Methodology 13-60. Berlin Mouton de Gruyter. Leech Geoffrey 1974 Semantics. Middlesex Penguin Books Ltd. Pustejovsky J. 1995 The Generative Lexicon. Cambridge MA MIT Press. Wu Ching-Chao 1927 The Chinese Family Organization Names and Kinship Terms. American Anthropologist 29 316-325. Zwarts F. & H. Verkuyl 1994 An Algebra of Conceptual Structure An investigation into Jackendoff s conceptual semantics. Linguistics and Philosophy 17 1-28. A Situation-based Semantic Scheme for Chinese Kinship Terms Zhang Xiusong Yuan Yulin Chen Zhenyu and Zhou Qiang Abstract Enlightened by the conception of qualia structure from the Generative Lexicon Theory we propose in this paper the conception of social structure of a kinship term which leads to a formal description scheme of the semantics of Chinese kinship terms. This scheme contains four parts 1 explanation for each lexical entry 2 social roles 3 a social or semantic structure and 4 the situation network activated by every kinship term. This paper points out that the paraphrase of a kinship term should reflect as much as possible the conceptual structure which motivates its semantic structure. The conceptual structure is a search path covered by search probe when a cognitive subject identifies the kinship term s denotation. It is a cognitive schema that takes a variety of kindred as its base many a social role like addressor role addressee role and bridge role as profile and addressee role as focus. The paraphrase of kinship terms should also reflect as much as possible the correlative role s parameter value on sex age and so on. For the basic kinship terms lexicographers should avoid mutual paraphrase or circular paraphrase to the best of their ability. Computer s programming test shows that this scheme has direct application value for computers to model human mind s computation and inference of kinship relation by 332
means of template matching. Key words kinship terms kinship relation social structure social roles situation network template matching 1978 20 1962 1968 1967 221116 2011 4 15 17 333