Microsoft Word - 孙振兴.doc

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1 40 2 Vol.40, No OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA Mar., 2009 (Apostichopus japonicus) * ( ) , Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+, Marking, Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ 96h (LC 50 ) mg/L, Hg 2+ > Se 4+ > Cd 2+ Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se mg/l, Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ Hg 2+ -Se 4+ Cd 2+ -Se 4+, 24h 48h 72h 96h ; Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ -Se 4+, 24h 48h 72h 96h Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ 刺参, Hg 2+, Cd 2+, Se 4+, 急性毒性, 联合毒性 X171.5, Q (Hg)(Cd), (Se),,, (Marino et al, 2000; Espericueta et al, 2001;, 2002;, 2003; Verslycke et al, 2003;, 2005) (Apostichopus japonicus),,,, Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+, (Apostichopus japonicus), 6, ( )cm, ( )g, HgCl 2 CdCl H 2 O Na 2 SeO 3,, ph = 8.10, 28.4, Hg Cd Se (, 2001), Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+, 9 12, 1L, 10 12, 96h, *, 2008GG ;, L :,, sunzx@public.ytptt.sd.cn : , :

2 2 : (Apostichopus japonicus) 229 (2007), h -, StatPlus 2007 Probit Analysis(), Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ (LC 50 ) 95% 1.3.2, Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ 96h LC 50, 1.. 1, 7 9,, Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ Hg 2+ -Se 4+ Cd 2+ -Se 4+, Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ -Se h, LC 50 95% Marking (, 2002;, 2005), S S = (A m /A) + (B m /B) + (C m /C), S, A B C LC 50 ; A m B m C m LC 50 S (additive index, AI), S 1, AI = (1/S) 1; S > 1, AI = S ( 1) 1 AI, AI = 0, AI < 0, AI > Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+, 24h, 24h,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3,, Hg 2+, Se 4+, Cd 2+ ( 1) Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+, 3, ( 1) Hg 2+ <0.180mg/L, 24h, 48h ; Hg mg/L, Hg 2+, 24h, 48h 100% Hg 2+ ( mg/L) 48h, ; mg/l 96h 8.3%, Hg 2+, Hg 2+, 0.135mg/L 24h, Hg 2+, 48h 79.2% Cd 2+ < 8.732mg/L, 24h, (< 4.232mg/L), mg/L 24h 10%; 48h 50%, Cd 2+ Fig.1 1 Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ The changes in body color of A. japonicus juveniles after acute Hg 2+, Cd 2+ and Se 4+ poisoning a. Hg 2+ ; b. Cd 2+ ; c. Se 4+

3 Cd mg/L,, 24h 50% Se 4+, Se mg/L, 24h, 48h 50% Se 4+, Se mg/l, 24h, 48h 100% Se 4+ 表 1 Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ 对刺参幼参的急性毒性 Tab.1 Acute toxicity of Hg 2+, Cd 2+ and Se 4+ on A. japonicus juveniles (%) (mg/l) 24h 48h 72h 96h Hg 2+ CK Cd 2+ CK Se 4+ CK CK, Se mg/L, 48h, 72h 29.2%; Se mg/L, 24h 14.7% 48h 100%, Se 4+, 1, Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ (y) (x), LC , 3, Hg 2+ LC 50, Se 4+, Cd 2+ LC 50, 3 Hg 2+ > Se 4+ > Cd Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ Hg 2+ -Se 4+ Cd 2+ -Se , 3, Hg 2+ -Cd 2+, 96h LC 50, Hg mg/L, Cd mg/L; 24 h 48 h 72 h 96h AI, Hg 2+ -Se 4+, 96h LC 50, Hg mg/L, Se mg/L; 24h 48h 72h 96h AI, Cd 2+ -Se 4+, 96h LC 50, Cd mg/L, Se mg/L; 24h 48h 72h 96h AI,, Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ Hg 2+ -Se 4+ Cd 2+ -Se 4+, Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ -Se , 4 4, Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ -Se 4+, 96h LC 50, Hg mg/L, Cd mg/L, Se mg/L; 24h 48h 72h 96h AI,, Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ -Se 4+, Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+, Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ 96h LC mg/L, 3

4 2 : (Apostichopus japonicus) 231 表 2 3 种毒性物质对刺参幼参急性毒性作用的分析 Tab.2 The regression of acute toxification of three poisons to A. japonicus juveniles LC 50 95% (h) R n P LC 50 (mg/l) (mg/l) Hg y = x < y = x < y = x < y = x < Cd y = x < y = x < y = x < y = x < Se y = x < y = x < y = x < y = x < 表 3 Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ 二元混合物对刺参幼参的联合毒性 Tab.3 The joint toxicity of binary mixture of Hg 2+, Cd 2+ and Se 4+ on A. japonicus juveniles LC 50 95%(mg/L) S AI A-B (h) A m B m Hg 2+ -Cd ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Hg 2+ -Se ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Cd 2+ -Se ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 表 4 Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ 共存对刺参幼参的联合毒性 Tab.4 The joint toxicity of Hg 2+ with Cd 2+ and Se 4+ to A. japonicus juveniles LC 50 95%(mg/L) S AI A-B-C (h) A m B m C m Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ -Se ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) , Hg 2+, Se 4+, Cd 2+ (, 1991), LC 50 <1mg/L, LC 50 = 1 100mg/L, LC 50 = mg/L, LC 50 = mg/L ; LC 50 >10000mg/L, Hg 2+ Se 4+, Cd 2+

5 232 40,, Hg 2+ Se 4+ (Xiphophorus helleri) 96h LC mg/l 6.64mg/L (, 2005); (Artemia salina) 24h LC mg/L 56.8mg/L (, 1992), Hg 2+ Se 4+, Espericueta (2001), Hg 2+ Cd 2+ (Litopenaeus vannamei) 96 h LC mg/l 2.49 mg/l; Verslycke (2003) (Neomysis integer), Hg 2+ Cd h LC mg/L 0.318mg/L, Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Hg 2+ Se 4+ Cd 2+,, Hg 2+, Se 4+, Cd Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+,, Marino (2000) (maximum permissible concentration, MPC) MPC = LC , Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ 96h LC 50 MPC mg/L Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+,,, 168h,, Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+ LC 50 MPC mg/L, mg/l, 0.02mg/L (, 2001), MPC, MPC,,,, MPC, MPC,,,,,,,, 3.3 Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+,, Cd 2+ Hg 2+ Pb 2+ (Sharma et al, 2008),,, (Gailer et al, 2000),,, Wang (2001)(Stenella plagiodon), Na 2 SeO 3 HgCl 2, (2005) Hg 2+ Se 4+ (Xiphophorus helleri), 48h 96h Hg 2+ -Se 4+,, Hg 2+ 2, HgCl 4, Hg 2+ ( ), Hg-Se,, Hg-Se-S-,, (Gailer et al, 2000),, SeO 3 CdCl 2, SeO 3 Se 2, Se 2 Cd 2+, 1.. 1, Cd-Se-, (Sharaky et al, 2007), Hg 2+ -Se 4+ Cd 2+ -Se 4+ Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ -Se 4+

6 2 : (Apostichopus japonicus) 233, Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), ; Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ (Cyprininae carpio), (, 1995), Hg 2+ -Cd 2+, DNA Hg 2+ Cd 2+ (, 2004) Hg 2+ -Cd 2+, (, 2007), (Feron et al, 2002;, 2003),,,, 4 Hg 2+ Cd 2+ Se 4+, 96h LC mg/L, Hg 2+ >Se 4+ >Cd 2+,, Hg 2+ Se 4+, Cd 2+ Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ Hg 2+ -Se 4+ Cd 2+ -Se , 24h 48h 72h 96h, Hg 2+ -Cd 2+ -Se , 24h 48h 72h 96h,,,,,,,,,, (Moerella iridescens)., 38(4): ,, , 28(2): 32 34, : NY ,. :, 1 5,,, , 8(1): 55 62,,, , 26(5): 80 85,, :, 69 70,,, (C ), 33(6): ,,, DNA. ( ), 24(5): , Dave G, , 21(6): ,, , 32(3): 44 46,,, , 23(2): Espericueta F M G, Voltolina D, Osuna L J I, Acute toxicity of cadmium, mercury and lead to whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) postlarvae. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicity, 67(4): Feron V J, Groten J P, Toxicological evaluation of chemical mixtures. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 40(6): Gailer J, George G N, Pickering I J et al, Structural basis of the antagonism between inorganic mercury and selenium in mammals. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 13(11): Marino B J C, Poza E, Vazqez E et al, Comparative toxicity of dissolved metals to early larval stages of Palaemon serratus, Maja squinado and Homarus gammarus (Crustacea: Decapoda). Archive of Environmental Contamination and Toxicity, 39(3): Sharaky A S E, Newairy A A, Badreldeen M M et al, Protective role of selenium against renal toxicity induced by cadmium in rats. Toxicology, 235(3): Sharma S K, Goloubinoff P, Christen P, Heavy metal ions

7 are potent inhibitors of protein folding. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 372(2): Verslycke T, Vangheluwe M, Heijerick D et al, The toxicity of metal mixtures to the estuarine mysid Neomysis integer (Crustacea: Mysidacea) under changing salinity. Aquatic Toxicology, 64(3): Wang A, Barber D, Pfeiffer C J, Protective effects of selenium against mercury toxicity in cultured Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella plagiodon) renal cells. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 41(4): SINGLE AND JOINT TOXICITY OF MERCURY, CADMIUM AND SELENIUM ON JUVENILE SEA CUCUMBER APOSTICHOPUS JAPONICUS SUN Zhen-Xing, WANG Hui-En, WANG Jing, LIU Jin-Chuan, ZHANG Jie, ZHANG Ying, WU Chuan-Yan (College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai, ) Abstract The single and joint toxicity of Hg 2+, Cd 2+ and Se 4+ to the juveniles of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus are tested in still water at water temperature of The joint toxicity tests are determined using equitoxic ratio mixing, and the effects of joint toxicity are evaluated with the Marking s additive index. The results indicate that the median lethal concentrations (LC 50 ) of acute toxicity of Hg 2+, Cd 2+ and Se 4+ at 96 hours to the juvenile are , and mg/l, respectively. The toxicity sequence of the three poisons to the juveniles ranged as Hg 2+ > Se 4+ > Cd 2+. The maximum permissible concentrations of Hg 2+, Cd 2+ and Se 4+ on the juvenile are , and mg/L, respectively. The results of joint toxicity test show that when the juvenile are exposed to equitoxic mixtures, the joint toxicities of Hg 2+ with Cd 2+, Hg 2+ with Se 4+, and Cd 2+ with Se 4+ at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours are all antagonistic. The joint toxicity are antagonistic too if Hg 2+, Cd 2+ and Se 4+ are together with equitoxic mixture for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Furthermore, the paper also discusses the possible mechanism of the joint toxicity acting on juvenile A. japonicus. Key words Sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, Hg 2+, Cd 2+, Se 4+, Acute toxicity, Joint toxicity

Microsoft Word - 32 李文静.doc

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