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2 Anti-Globalization Discourses: Reflections on Modernity and Positivist International Relations Theories

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6 readings essays papers essays 26 iv

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8 vs vs vs vi

9 World Trade Organization WTO Seattle Close the Wage Gap! Starbucks Sucks! Free Trade! Fair Trade! Free Trade=Dead Turtles 1 Anti-WTO No New Round Women, Resist Globalization! Assert Women s Rights! 2 Battle of Seattle Anti-Globalization Movement World Bank International Monetary Fund IMF 2000 Spring Meetings 1 WTO Endangered Species Act Postman, 1999 Turtle Excluder Devices, TEDs WTO 2 1

10 Debt Kills 19,000 Children each Day Compassion, Not Greed! Honks For Global Justice! Break The Boomerang of Debt! Cancel the debt now! IMF Structural Adjustment Programs, SAPs Prague IMF 2000 Annual Meetings IMF Quebec Free Trade Area of the Americas, FTAA Quebec Wall NO to the FTAA! Chossudovsky, 2001 Genoa G-8 Summit 2

11 3 World Social Forum 4 World Economic Forum 2/2/ Firenze 5 3 platform Porto Alegre /3/3 4 Davos Corporate Citizenship /3/

12 Lselie Sklair Sklair, 1999: Zygmunt Bauman Bauman, 2001: 1 Bauman Kofi A. Annan Millennium Report Annan, 2000: 5 Amartya Sen Sen, 2001 United Nations Development Pragramme, UNDP UNDP, 1999:2 4

13 UNDP, 1999: UNDP, 1999: 3, World Bank, Held and McGrew, 2002: Ransom, 2002: Ellwood, 2002: 59, Brecher et al., 2000: ,560 Brecher et al., 2000: GDP 3,

14 WTO IMF global market democracy World Conservation Union Ellwood, 2002: , , Boyens, 2001: 11, 33 Robert Ayres Ellwood, 2002: 120 6

15 discourse Youngs, 1996: grand narrative

16 modernity International Relations Theory modernization modernism post-modernity post-modernism Globalisation-from-above people at the grassroots 8

17 Globalisation-from-below Falk, 1997; Brecher, Costello and Smith, 2000: chap. 1; Starr, 2001: chap. 3 Giddens, 1990: 64 Harvey, 2000 global consciousness world picture representation Smart, 1993: 129 9

18 Eurocentrism vs. 7 7 Smith, 1989: 4 10

19 Weber, 2001: reconciliation with nature Cox, 1992b: 178 Literature Survey nation-state popular sovereignty

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21 13

22 14

23 anti opposed against refused 2001 global Susan Strange Strange, 1996: xiii 8 8 David Held Held et al., 2004: Anthony Giddens distanciation of space and time Giddens, 1990: 64; 1991: 21 David Harvey compression of space and time Harvey, 1989 Manuel Castells Castells, 1996: 92 Roland Robertson Robertson, 1992: 8 Stephen Kobrin Kobrin, 1997: Robert Gilpin Gilpin, 1994:

24 Scholte, 2001: internationalization 9 liberalization universalization Westernization deterritorialization 9 Leslie Sklair Sklair, 1999:

25 Starbucks McDonald s Kentucky, KFC MTV MSN global assembly line global factory Brecher et al., 2000: 2 5,890 62,700 5,790 59,840 WTO, 2002: ,560 17

26 1.5 Brecher et al., 2000: 2 WTO IMF World Bank EU G-8 NAFTA APEC non-governmental organizations, NGOs think local, act global Spice Girls Disney David Beckham Calvin Klein Chanel Gucci Marlboro hip-hop blues Bobos Nike Just do it Levi s Levi s Coca Cola McDonald s Tomlinson, 2003: 23 18

27 10 World Wide Web Friedman, 2000: 24 1, UNDP, 2001: 35 business-to-consumer, B2C 250 2,330 business-to-business, B2B UNDP, 2001: 36 Bauman, 2001: Friedman IBM IBM Friedman, 2000: UNDP, 2001: 30 19

28 information society being digital the end of geography the death of distance ~3-2 market-liberal 12 neo-liberalism 13 Washington regime institutionalism think tank 20

29 Consensus efficiency Hurrell and Woods, 1995: 448 efficient allocation of resources efficient production of goods efficient distribution of goods and services anarchy absolute gains relative gains Lamy, 2001: IMF World Bank World Bank John Williamson

30 bystanders Hurrell Woods, 1995: Thomas L. Friedman 22

31 Friedman, 2000: region states Friedman 14 Friedman, 2000: Friedman Friedman, 2000: Friedman Friedman, 2000: Friedman Friedman, 2000:

32 Friedman, 2000: 248 Friedman, 2000: 122 convergence Friedman IBM Pentium Friedman, 2000:

33 Friedman, 2000: 379 Hurrell Woods Hurrell and Woods, 1995: 450 rationality epistemic communities Hurrell and Woods, 1995:

34 Tomlinson, 2003: 35 Wagner, 1994: 3 story line 26

35 Bauman quasi-totalities 17 Bauman, 1991: 3-4 Stuart Hall Hall et al., 1996: 7 Giddens, 1990 Pieterse, 1995: 46 Albrow, Bauman Bauman, 1991: 4 27

36 Jürgen Habermas modernus Habermas, 1993: 19 Henri Lefebvre Lefebvre, 1995: 1 Bauman Bauman, 1991: 5 discontinuities Immanuel Kant Kant, 1992: 14 Michel Foucault Kant Foucault, 1992a: 23 Kant actualit 28

37 Foucault, 1992a: Age of Enlightenment 18 Kant 19 Kant, 1992: 15 Jeremy Black Hamilton, 1996: 27 Kant Foucault sapere aude, dare to know Kant, 1992: 14 Foucault Kant une onthologie de nous-meme Foucault, 1992a: 31 Kant philosophes 18 Kant Kant, 1992: Kant Kant, 1992:

38 Peter Hamilton Hamilton, 1996: David Hume Hume Science Human Nature Hamilton, 1996: 36 moral science disenchantment Kant 20 Hamilton naturalism control of prejudice Hamilton, 1996:

39 21 Kant Foucault closing-off Hamilton, 1996: 25, 40 men Hamilton, 1996: 34 Foucault Foucault, 1992a: Rationality Truth rationalities truths

40 Jean-Francois Lyotard Lyotard, 1993: 9 hard core Peter Wagner Wagner, 1994: rationalization 32

41 Hall, 1996a: 8 bureaucracy Brown, 1996: 91 Hall, 1996a: rational Immanuel Wallerstein 33

42 Wallerstein, 1979: 19 Giddens, 1990: 61 Giddens, 1990:

43 Hall, 1996a: 8 the state does not have a territory, it is a territory Poggi, 1999: territoriality motherland/fatherland sovereignty Poggi, 1999: 269 Held, 1996: 73-84; Mann, 1995:

44 David Held Held, 1996: 78 Hall, 1996a: 8 Karl Marx Marx alienation social class commercialization Marx Max Weber 36

45 22 patriarchy ideology of domesticity 23 Bradley, 1996: 128 Hall, 1996a: 8 24 Bocock, 1996: Weber intellectualization Turner, 1992: Sylvia Walby Bradley, 1996: Max Weber 37

46 imagined communities internal story the West the Rest Hall, 1996b project of modernity 38

47 modernization global modernity Tomlinson, 2003: 47 Charles Baudelaire Baudelaire, 1995: 485 globality Albrow, 1997: 4 39

48 ambivalence John Tomlinson Tomlinson, 2003: 49 Martin Albrow Albrow Albrow, 1997: 95 Tomlinson, 2003: Anthony Giddens Giddens Giddens, 1990: 64 Giddens time-space distanciation disembedding 40

49 reflexivity presence absence 25 conflation Bauman Bauman, 2001: 15 Giddens, 1990: 21 Giddens Giddens symbolic tokens expert system trust place locale McGrew, 1996: David Morley Tomlinson, 2003: 59 41

50 Giddens Giddens Foucault Giddens 26 Giddens, 1990: 175 Giddens 27 Giddens Giddens International Relations Theory World-system Theory reductionism 42

51 Tomlinson Giddens Giddens Tomlinson, 2003: 67 Roland Robertson Giddens Giddens 28 Giddens Robertson, 1992: 144 Giddens Giddens, 1990: 175 Roland Robertson Giddens Robertson, 1992: Giddens dualism Giddens, 1990: 175 action-reaction 29 Robertson, 1995: 27 Robertson 28 Giddens positivist IR theory neo-liberalism regime neo-realism self help Giddens post-positivist IR theory Tomlinson Giddens Tomlinson, 2003: 70 Giddens re-embedding Tomlinson, 2003: 68 43

52 narratives Robertson, 1992: 141; 1995: 27 George Ritzer McDonaldization Ritzer, 2002: 2 Friedman 30 Friedman, 2000: 242 Benjamin Barber McWorld Barber, 2001: 97 Coca-colonization Disneyization McDisneyization global rationalization Robinet, 2003 CSM Worldwide Michael Robinet efficiency calculability predictability control through nonhuman technology Ritzer, 2002: NATO 11 Ritzer, 2002: 10 44

53 rational system Fordism Post Fordism flexible accumulation 31 Harvey, 1989: chap Harvey rigidity Keynesianism Harvey, 1989: dematerialization 33 Ritzer Ritzer, 2002: 19 45

54 34 Ritzer, 2002: Ritzer, 2002: Herbert Marcuse 34 Domino s 30 Pizza Hut 30 SYNNEX

55 Marcuse, 1990: 15 Max Weber 47

56 48

57 Max Horkheimer Theodor Adorno scientism instrumental rationality identity Horkheimer Adorno

58 reality representation 36 essentialism foundationalism Ritzer, 2002: chap. 7 Horkheimer and Adorno, 1989: 3 Horkheimer Adorno Dialectic of Enlightenment Horkheimer Adorno Weber Horkheimer and Adorno, 1989:

59 Horkheimer and Adorno, 1989: Horkheimer Adorno Horkheimer and Adorno, 1989: 21 Best and Kellner, 1994: Foucault Foucault 51

60 37 38 disciplinary institutions bio-power Best and Kellner, 1994: Foucault 40 Foucault Foucault, 1992b: 141 Foucault, 1992b: 143 rank 37 Foucault ascending descending Best and Kellner, 1994: Foucault Foucault, 1992b: Giddens Giddens 40 52

61 Foucault, 1992b: 145 coding Foucault, 1992b: Foucault Foucault, 1992b: 151 moment Foucault, 1992b: 153 Foucault Foucault, 1992b: Foucault Foucault, 1992b:

62 Foucault Foucault, 1992b: 163 Foucault, 1992b: 163 Foucault, 1992b: 164 Horkheimer Adorno Foucault Horkheimer Adorno Foucault Herbert Marcuse Marcuse advanced industrial society Marcuse, 1990: 15 54

63 Foucault Foucault Dreyfus and Rabinow, 1983: 31 Richard Rorty René Descartes Descartes G.eorg W. F. Hegel Descartes Descartes Descartes 55

64 Descartes Descartes reality Holland, 1998: 78 Martin Heidegger Griffin, 1998b: Descartes the Cartesian subject Foucault Dreyfus and Rabinow, 1983: 212 Descartes 56

65 43 Charles Taylor other misrecognition Taylor, 1997: 3 Foucault Descartes position of subject Raymond Williams individuality Hall, 1996c: 604 Hall Williams Enlightenment subject inner core Hall, 1996c: Foucault Descartes (subject) subjected to Hall, 1996c:

66 significant others sociological subject the real me stitches Hall, 1996c: subject positions master identity post-modern identity Hall, 1996c: 598 Jean Baudrillard Simulation Society simulacrum Best and Kellner, 1994: late-modern new social movements 58

67 rupture break Best and Kellner, 1994: 7 not Best and Kellner, 1994: 51 anti-modern interventions 44 Descartes Descartes 45 anti-rationalism 44 Steven Best Douglas Kellner post counterculture Best and Kellner, 1994: irrationalism 59

68 real true invariable fixed essence Fuss, 1989: xi-xii Reason Foucault Best and Kellner, 1994: 64 Derrida deconstruction Derrida Jacques Derrida relativism nihilism 60

69 hierarchy of value Best and Kellner, 1994: 42 Derrida 46 McLennan, 1996: 652 Knowledge 47 Bernstein, 1983: 8 48 Rorty, 1994a: 46 Derrida 47 Richard Bernstein objectivism reality goodness rightness matrix Bernstein, 1983: 8 48 Rorty Plato Rorty, 1994b:

70 sense-perception theory of representation pluralism Descartes Lyotard metanarrative 49 Lyotard, 1995: 5 dissensus conformity Best and Kellner, 1994: Lyotard Lyotard, 1995: 5 dissension invention Lyotard, 1995: 6 Horkheimer Adorno 49 inscription Lyotard metaprescriptions Best and Kellner, 1994:

71 Foucault Derrida Lyotard Pierre Bourdieu arbitrary empire substantive rationality formal rationality procedural rationality technical rationality

72 unreasonable Ritzer, 2002: 215 Ritzer Ritzer, 2002: 217 Ritzer, 2002: Ritzer, 2002: pseudo-events 64

73 enchanted system Ritzer, 2002: 227 Ritzer, 2002: 229 Ellen Wood 65

74 Wood naturalizing capitalism Wood, 1998: consumerism capital Marx Marx commodification 66

75 use value Marx exchange value Schmitt, 1987: Max Weber Weber Weber 67

76 secularization Weber Weber inner-worldly asceticism other-worldly Bocock, 1995: 62 Weber Marx Marx Bocock, 1995:

77 consumer culture Don Slater lived culture Slater, 2003: 11, Slater Slater, 2003: 12 Slater Marx Marx Bocock, 1995: 74 69

78 Slater Slater Slater, 2003: 44 Kant Slater, 2003: 45 Slater, 2003: Slater, 2003: 59 Giddens Giddens, 1991: 84

79 Bauman technicize Slater, 2003: 149 Giddens, 1991: 81 Giddens, 1991: 198 Robert Bocock Bocock, 1995: Marx I buy, therefore I am. Marx Marx Best and Kellner, 1994: 274 Weber iron cage 71

80 Marx defined Slater, 2003: 177 Marx 72 Slater, 2003: Marx

81 Marx Slater, 2003: 185 Marx Marcuse Marcuse, 1990: 19 Marcuse, 1990: 22 73

82 51 Judith Williamson Slater, 2003: Marcuse, 1990: Marx 51 Marcuse Marcuse, 1990: Marcuse Marcuse, 1990: 21 74

83 Weber Weber Weber hedonism Daniel Bell consumption economy Bell, 1989: fate choice Thompson, 1996:

84 Tomlinson Tomlinson, 1994: chap. 4 Fredric Jameson Jameson, 1998: chap. 8 Slater, 2003: 307 Levi s Nike Naomi Klein Nike Just do it 98 76

85 53 Klein, 2003: 41 IBM Swatch Diesel The Body Shop Klein, 2003: Slater Slater, 2003: Nike Air Jordan Michel Jordan Baudrillard ,

86 Michael Wolf Klein Klein, 2003: 47 Klein Klein, 2003: 239 Nike Klein, 2003: 11 78

87 globaloney Petras, 2001: Marx Chilcote, 2001: 3 Petras, 2001: 248 Samir Amin Amin, 2001 Amin, 2001: universal Fotopoulos, 2001: 268, a; 2003b 56 Paul Hirst Grahame Thompson 79

88 Amin, 2001: 224 Prabhat Patnaik bourgeois internationalism Patnaik, 2001: 228 Patnaik developmentalism 1999 viii xiii 80

89 Patnaik Friedman Friedman Friedman Fukuyama, 1999 Friedman Men Hall, 1996b: 187 the West the West and the Rest 81

90 universality difference localization vs Hall, 1996b: 186 Hall, 1996b:

91 the Rest Foucault Hall, 1996b: discursive practice Edward Said Orientalism Said the Orient Said Said Said, 2002: 2 Said Orientalist 83

92 Said, 2002: 3-4 Said Said Said, 2002: 10 dominating frameworks Said, 2002: 56 84

93 Said, 2002: 73 Said, 2002: Said, 2002: 101 Said Said, 2002: 94 Said 85

94 the dark side Huntington, 1997: Mike Featherstone 86

95 Featherstone, 1995: 10 Said Said, 2002: 88 cultural deficit Tomlinson, 2003: 71 westernization 58 vs. universal civilization Huntington, 1997:

96 the universal community of humankind McGrew, 1996: 467 Huntington, 1997: 76 Said global system 59 civilizing process

97 Global Americanization Beck et al., 2003 infrastructures Held Held et al., 2004: Anthony Smith Tomlinson, 2003: 112 Held et al., 2004: Wolf 60 United Nations Educations, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESC Time -Warner Disney Sony Held et al., CNN HBO Cinemax TNT Times Fortune People Atlanta Braves AOL /11/17 89

98 Klein, 2003: 184 global players McChesney, 1997 homogenization Edward Herman Robert McChesney Herman and McChesney, 1997: 154 cultural imperialism Barber, 2001; Ritzer, 2002; 1997 Antonio Gramsci theory of hegemony counter-hegemony Ritzer 90

99 slowfood Ritzer, 2002: McDonald s International Ritzer, 2002: capitalization construct articulate local subjects cultural colonialization 61 Carlo Petrini Piedmont Bra /12/ /12/ /12/22 91

100 64 Asian Values Benjamin Barber Jihad Barber McWorld Barber, 2001: 9, 11, 207 Barber, 2001: 6-7 Barber parochial nationalism nostalgia Barber, 2001: Smith world memories 64 Mahathir Bin Mohamad Bangkok Declaration

101 memoryless national culture invented traditions imagined community particular, timebound and expressive Smith, 1990: Smith religious fundamentalism 65 Islamic Fundamentalism Muslim Brotherhood Hasan al-banna Barber, 2001: Barber Barber, 2001: 155 Barber cultural parochialism 65 Barber Hamas Islamic Jihad Barber, 2001: vs. Jihad vs. McWorld Barber Barber, 2001: xi-xii 93

102 Barber, 2001: 157 Appadurai, 1990: 295 global local vs. synchronization Robertson Robertson, 1992: 26 Robertson, 1995: Robertson either- or- 94

103 glocalization Robertson dochakuka living on one s own land micro-marketing Robertson, 1995: 28 the invention of consumer traditions diversity sells Robertson, 1995: 29 Robertson global fundamentals Robertson, 1992: WTO

104 67 68 Tomlinson, 2003: empowering constraining Roudometof, 2003: 45 Peter Berger James Watson nonsacramental Berger, 2002: WTO hybridization Pieterse, 1995 Berger and Huntington,

105 Robertson Robertson, 1992: 159 invention of locality Global System Theory Sklair transnational capitalist class, TCC Sklair, 1997; 2001 Sklair Sklair, 1997: 521 culture-ideology of consumerism Sklair, 1997: Tomlinson 97

106 indigenous Held Held et al., 2004: Tomlinson, 2003: Tomlinson Berger Huntington Berger and Huntington,

107 Steve Smith Smith, 2004: 507 John MacLean philosophical roots 99

108 MacLean, 2000: 5-10, gross and systematic inequality MacLean, 2000: 14 Smith MacLean positive

109 172 Leszek Kolakowski Kolakowski, 1988: 2 70 Kolakowski, 1988: 2-3 Auguste Comte Comte Hamilton, 1996: Comte Comte Comte theology fetishism polytheism monotheism theocracy metaphysical state Comte the positive era Kolakowski, 1988: Comte 70 Kolakowski normative 101

110 Smith, 1996: 14 logical positivism/logical empiricism Vienna Circle verifiable falsifiable Smith, 1996: empiricist epistemology Smith, 1996: 15 facts values 102

111 Smith, 1996: 16 Comte unity regularities facts values Smith, 1996: 14-16; 2001: 227 Robert Keohane International Studies Association ISA testable theory Smith, 1996: 12 Keohane Keohane foundation dogma Smith 103

112 Smith, 1996: 11, 17-18, Smith Jim George out there 71 the necessity theme the positive philosophy paradigm 71 out there out there out out there out there out

113 intra-paradigm a half-sibling Jervis, 1999: 43 the neo-neo debate intellectual siblings 72 Lamy, 2001: truth as correspondence reliable knowledge out there facts 72 idealism 73 International Organization International Security policy orientation 105

114 the real international anarchy Keohane, 1988: 381, state-centrism capability/power like-unit complex interdependence 106

115 realpolitik 74 Holsti, 1985: 1; 1989: a post-positivist era 74 Great Debate idealism realism Brown, 1997: neo-neo Lamy, 2001: John Vasquez meta-theoretical protective belt hard core Imre Lakatos Vasquez, 1995:

116 Lapid, 1989: ; Ashley and Walker, 1990; Ferguson and Mansbach, 1991 rationalist position Smith, 2001: 228 Smith, 2001: 227 arbitrary nature Vasquez, 1995: choice posing as truth Vasquez, 1995: human-imposed Vasquez, 1995: 221 explanatory theories constitutive theories 108

117 Smith, 2001: 226 bring the living people back in J rgen Habermas That we disavow reflection is positivism. Neufeld, 1994: politico-normative 3 Neufeld, 1994: 13 Archimedean point time-bound Neufeld commensurable and therefore comparable incommensurable and therefore incomparable incommensurable yet still comparable Neufeld 109

118 Neufeld, 1994: reflectivist theories Smith, 2001 Smith normative theory critical theory feminism historical sociology Smith, 2001: Smith Smith, 1995: 26 Yosef Lapid paradigmatism perspectivism relativism Lapid, 1989: meta-scientific/meta-theoretical units 76 thematic axis Lapid, 1989: 240 Neufeld, 1994: phenomenic axis analytic axis metaphysical social-intellectual-ethical Lapid, 1989:

119 inescapability of theory the prisoner of unstated assumptions Lapid, 1989: methodological monism scientific dissensus Lapid, 1989: 243 Jim George intellectual imperialism metatheoretical inquiry 111 George, 1989: 270 art of the possible George, 1989:

120 Kjell Goldmann negative extra-academic intra-academic Goldmann, 1996: Quantitative International Politics policy-oriented change within the system change of the system Hoffman, 1989: 70-71; Cox, 1996b: balance of power power politics national security military alliances foreign policy conflict resolution 77 Waltz, 1997: Waltz, 1986:

121 rational-deductive Keohane, 1984: 63 Cox, 1996b: 509 arbitrary cultural constructs Goldmann, 1996: 413 reductionism reality Ferguson and Mansbach, 1991: 369 Cox Theory is always for someone and for some purpose. Cox, 1986:

122 theory as a tool theory as critique theory as everyday practice Zalewski, 1996:

123 complex failure Lebow and Risse-Kappen, 1995b: 3-4 Little, 1995; Cox, 2001: 111 Little, 1995:

124 Fukuyama, 1989; 1993 unabashed victory fascism Fukuyama, 1989: 4 Hegel Fukuyama, 1989: 6-8 Fukuyama, 1989:

125 78 de-ideologized 79 Fukuyama, 1989: 15 historical post-historical Common Marketization Fukuyama, 1989: struggle for recognition Fukuyama, 1989: Friedman Friedman Friedman, 2000: Sim, 2002:

126 unwarlike Fukuyama, 1993: liberal internationalism inter-national relations the shrinking of the world 80 Immanuel Kant Jeremy Bentham Adam Smith Dunne, 2001: democratic peace theory war-prone peace-prone Baylis, 2001b:

127 Habermas Habermas, 2002: 84 Beck, 1999: Castells, 2002: 269 OECD Held WTO Held et al., 2004: Beck Container-Theorie Staatliche Beherrschung des Raumes Beck, 1999:

128 Held governor Habermas OECD Habermas, 2002: 86 Ulrich Beck Beck, 1999: global risks Beck Beck, 1999: Castells Castells, 2002: 295 Habermas 120

129 Habermas, 2002: Zapatistas Chiapas Castells, 2002: 89 Klein, 2002: 213 Castells 82 Castells, 2002: regime or institution 82 mestizo Castells, 2002: Castells, 2002: 334; Habermas, 2002: nationaler Gemeinschaften Habermas 84 order system mechanism regime institution norm 121

130 Keohane, 1988: 383 principles norms rules decision-making procedures Krasner, 1983b: 2 conformity Keohane, 1988: absolute gains relative gains cheating institution regime institution regime institution regime

131 Keohane and Martin, 1995: 42 Keohane Keohane, 1984: 13 Keohane, 1984: zones of peace zones of conflict Keohane, 2000: John Hobson ideal collective capitalist state Hobson, 2003:

132 87 global civil society Meyer al., 1997; Beck, 1999: chap.5; Scholte, 2001: Scholte, 2001: world society Meyer et al., 1997 Beck, 1999: chap. 5 Tomlinson, 2003: Scholte Scholte, 2001:

133 cosmopolitan democracy Held, 1995: Beck Shell 89 Beck Beck, 1999: 95 world polity world citizenship 89 1,800 7,

134 nation-state s family transnational sub-political group NGOs governance with government governance without government with government without government Castells, 2002: global good governance Smith and Baylis, 2001: 8; Weber, 2001: chap. 6 Cynthia Weber 126

135 Weber, 2001: 106 old leftist old right next big thing Weber, 2001: 112 Weber Weber Fukuyama s myth Weber empty core Weber, 2001: Weber, 2001:

136 Derrida Sim, 2002: 71 Stuart Sim Derrida Sim, 2002: Derrida Derrida 90 military-industrial complex 91 Sim, 2002: 74 Derrida Sim, 2002: rogue states

137 Bauman dissent Bauman living without an alternative Sim, 2002: 78 globals localities Bauman, 2001: 2-3 Sim Sim, 2002: 79 Pierre Bourdieu Reflexive Sociology Barber deliberative democracy sociology of slowing down real time totality 129

138 Weber Weber Weber, 2001:

139 Joseph Stiglitz IMF Stiglitz, 2002: 42 IMF Jeffery Sachs IMF Ellwood, 2002: 124 WTO 92 WTO Dispute Settlement Body, DSB WTO DSB WTO DSB DSB UPS DSB Ellwood, 2002: Wayne Ellwood WTO WTO WTO Ellwood, 2002:

140 Cox Cox, 1986: 219 Cox 132

141 competitiveness deregulation privatization restructuring Cox, 1996b: 31 Rosenau and Czempiel, 1992 Cox, 1992a: 30 internationalization of the state Cox, 1986: 230 Cox WTO IMF OECD G-8 Cox, 1986: 232; 1992a: stratification 133

142 transnational managerial class established workers Cox, 1996c: 26 Cox, 1992b: macro- micro-regionalism Cox, 1992b: 179 WTO IMF OECD G-8 WEF Cox 134

143 Cox, 1996c: Cox, 1996b: 34; 2001: post-sovereign democratic deficits Scholte, 2001:

144 apartheid Fukuyama, 1993: ; Friedman, 2000:63-87 IMF IMF Scholte World Bank Board of Governors International Monetary and Financial Committee, IMFC EU Council of Ministers UN Security Council Scholte, 2001: Cox Cox, 1997: Tomlinson 136

145 Commission on Global Governance Global Neighborhood enforced proximity Tomlinson, 2003: , global market democracy Scholte, 2001: 29 Korten, 1995: 127 Scholte digital divide

146 Scholte, 2001: Catherine Eschle gender hierarchies Eschle, 2002: Eschle masculinist biases Eschle Eschle, 2002:

147 Held Held et al., 2004: 573 Petras, 2001: 282 corporate globalization Petras Petras, 2001: 84 R. B. J. Walker Walker, 2002: 9 139

148 94 95 power politics balance of powers Fukuyama, 1993; Friedman, power force structural realism 140

149 inter-subjective 97 the lowest common denominator race to the bottom Lamy, 2001: 194 Kenneth Waltz Waltz, 1997: 120 interdependence integrated a big state mutualism 97 like -units

150 Waltz, 2000: 52 Waltz, 2001: 55 the State of the State Waltz, 2000: 47 inter-national Waltz, 2000: 50 Waltz, 2000: 56 Waltz Waltz, 2000: 51 inter-governmental organizations WTO, 2004: 2 ability will Waltz 142

151 delusion Scholte, 1996: 50 fad Waltz, 2000: 47 myth Hirst and Thompson, nation government country Ferguson and Mansbach, 1991:

152 Thomas Hobbes state of nature Hobbes a warre, as is of every man, against every man Bull, 1995: 82 self-help right of nature Hobbes 98 Richard Ashley heroic practices proposition Ashley, 1995: reasoning man the anarchy problematique Ashley double reading Ashley 98 English School Hedley Bull the domestic analogy Bull, 1995: social constructivism Alexander Wendt Anarchy is What States Make of it. Wendt,

153 Ashley ideal-type double exclusion Devetak, 1996b: Ferguson and Mansbach, 1991: ahistorical Eurocentricity 2 behave actor state-as-actor 3 99 rational choice game theory Powell, 1994:

154 4 5 state/society international/domestic a state was a state was a state Cox, 1986: Catharine MacKinnon the state is male objectivity 100 social forces Hoffman, 1989:

155 point-of-viewlessness MacKinnon, 1989: 163 state-as-rational-man-writ-large Youngs, 2001: gendered states public/private spheres True, 1996: ; Youngs Hobbes relations Tickner, 1992: True, 1996: 231 politics of everyday life gendering world politics Tickner,

156 Ashley 101 the prism of the state Ashley, 1986: Youngs 101 Ashley state-centricity the state is ontologically prior to the international system Ashley, 1986:

157 Youngs, 2001: Youngs Youngs, 2001: 25 Powell, 1994: Youngs, 2001:

158 150

159 vs. 151

160 152

161 spatiality methodologischer nationalismus Beck, 1990:

162 Youngs, 2001: 44 Said given available 154

163 Said, 2002:

164 156

165 /6/ a /10/ b /10/ Habermas

166 vs. 3-1~ vii-xxxiii Peter L. Berger and Samuel P. Huntington /10/ /10/17 Albrow, Martin, The Global Age: state and society beyond modernity. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Amin, Samir, 2001 Ronald M. Chilcote Annan, Kofi A., 2000 Millennium Report /3/6 Appadurai, Arjun, Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy, in Mike Featherstone ed, Global Culture: Nationalism, globalization and modernity. London: Sage, Ashley, Richard K., The Poverty of Neorealism, in Robert O. Keohane ed., Neorealism and Its 158

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