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Transformation to a Performance Based Urban Landscape: Fifteen Years at Georgia Tech Josh Koons Koons Environmental Design, Inc. With Appreciation To: Rob Fisher Robinson Fisher Landscape Architect Howard Wertheimer / Jason Gregory Georgia Institute of Technology

Georgia Tech Campus 2002 Existing Conditions

Georgia Tech Campus 2002 Tree canopy cover on campus is less than 20% Largest woodland is 5 acres 60% Impervious Coverage 10,000 existing parking spaces

Master Plan Update 20 Acres of Building Area Projected 40% Increase in Parking + Stormwater Fee?

Evolution of the Landscape Master Plan Reviewing Campus Landscape + 6 Years + 3 Years Plant community synergy lets plants grow faster and become sustainable more quickly

Evolution of the Landscape Master Plan Reviewing Campus Landscape 0 % 45% 0% 45% reduction of rainfall reaching the ground 6 years after woodland planting. LAWN $145 sf/year Storm-water Biomass WOODLAND $27 sf/year + -

Evolution of the Landscape Master Plan Developing a Strategy Runoff (cfs) 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Georgia Institute of Technology Effects of Open Space Plan on Stormwater Runoff 113 Campus Runoff in 1892 686 Campus Runoff Today Development Scenario 315 Campus Runoff with Implementation of Open Space Plan Developing a Performance landscape could potentially decrease stormwater runoff by 54% from current levels. Unconnected Landscape 71 Acres 18% Performance Landscape 50 Acres 13% Fields 30 Acres 8% Forest 50 Acres 13% Buildings 77 Acres 20% Roads 23 Acres 6% Walks, Plazas, etc. 15 Acres 4% Parking 69 Acres 18%

Evolution of the Landscape Master Plan Campus Analysis

Evolution of the Landscape Master Plan The Eco-Commons Performance-Based Open Space System Olmsted s Boston Fens

Evolution of the Landscape Master Plan The Eco-Commons Interception Interception RUNOFF Storage RUNOFF

Evolution of the Landscape Master Plan Reinforcing the Strategy Landscape 27 Acres 7% Fields 30 Acres 8% Existing Buildings 77 Acres 20% Performance Landscape 50 Acres 13% Infill Development with Green Growth Strategies Increase Woodlands Develop Performance Landscape Decrease Impervious Surfaces Design Buildings as Trees Forest 50 Acres 13% Future Parking 17 Acres 4% Future Buildings 22 Acres 6% Roads 23 Acres 6% Walks, Plazas, etc. 20 Acres 5% Existing Parking 69 Acres 18%

Creating the Landscape Master Plan Developing Key Principles and Objectives

Creating the Landscape Master Plan Campus Analysis v2.0 total open space places interstices corridors eco-commons ecological potential

Creating the Landscape Master Plan Defining Ecological Performance

Creating the Landscape Master Plan Defining Landscape

Creating the Landscape Master Plan Testing the Landscape Pilot Woodland Project

Creating the Landscape Master Plan Testing the Landscape Pilot Woodland Project Atlantic Avenue 64 Stems per 1000sf

Creating the Landscape Master Plan Testing the Landscape Pilot Woodland Project

Creating the Landscape Master Plan Defining Landscape

Creating the Landscape II. Circulation Master Plan Patterns Integrating the Human Landscape Georgia Tech 1892 Georgia Tech 1929

Creating the Landscape II. Circulation Master Plan Patterns Defining Corridors Corridors are the Community Life of Campus Corridors highlight the potential to unify campus Corridors play an important role in transferring stormwater

Creating the Landscape II. Circulation Master Plan Patterns Defining Corridors Eco-Commons Phase One and Atlantic Street Corridors

Creating the Landscape Master Plan Defining the Layers Hardscape Guidelines Soil Renovation Cisterns

The Landscape Master Plan A Living Document DESIGN Express Georgia Tech identity Create campus legibility/orientation Unify Campus and create sense of place ENERGY AND AIR QUALITY Create microclimates that help buildings conserve energy Reduce energy subsidy of campus landscape Encourage walking and bicycles for transportation Fulfill recreational needs on campus to reduce car use Reduce heat island effect Enhance outdoor thermal comfort for people Improve air quality WATER Reduce stormwater discharge by 50% over 2003 levels. Reduce consumption of potable water for non-potable uses Improve surface water quality VEGETATION Increase campus tree cover to 55% Increase campus coverage by woodlands Reduce lawn areas Increase biodiversity and vegetation biomass Reduce landscape maintenance

The Landscape Master Plan Moving Forward. CONSULTANTS GT ADMINISTRATION Start using the LMP plan/process with GT operations departments and develop consensus on the specifics. Address the issue of paying for landscape management. -The notion of a Green Utility -Develop a list of charges -Who gets the bill? Identify landscape-only projects -THE ECO-COMMONS -THE CORRIDORS -CAMPUS REVEGETATION (TREE REPLACEMENT) -TEMPORARY PROJECTS (vacant or unused land for less than 10 Yrs.)

Moving Forward. Making Plans

Planning & Design Commission (PDC) Established by the President of Georgia Tech Broad base of professional judgment and skill Guide the future development of campus planning & design Participates in A/E selection and ongoing design review Overall physical development planning, design and aesthetic principles Site planning\architecture Landscape Engaged in most planning and design projects >$1-3M Meets quarterly for 2 days each - (March, June, September, December)

Executive Planning & Design Commission (EPDC) Internal Georgia Tech Leadership Users/Stakeholders Meets quarterly (at midpoint of PDC meetings) Keeps project and decision making on schedule 5/24/2012 EPDC

Bicycle Master Plan

Stormwater Master Plan Basin A!I Legend MAJOR DRAINAGE BASINS Other Drainage Basins Basin A

Stormwater Master Plan

Peak Rate Reduction with Stormwater Master Plan (25-yr, 24 Hr Event)

Investment Strategy (the long view): Comprehensive Campus-wide Approach vs. Project-by-Project Basis 9.5 x City Requirement for Volume reduction

Stormwater Master Plan Concept

1.4m Gallon Cistern water for toilet flushing, irrigation for approximately 13 ac water for the Campanile Fountain manages stormwater for 22.5 ac

Sector Plan Retention Reclamation Infiltration

Stormwater Master Plan: Flow Diagram - Reclaimed Blackwater

Reclaimed Water or Irrigation Cistern Feeds Stream

Sector Plan Retention Reclamation Infiltration

Eco-Commons

Engineered Art Sculpture Exhibit Arts@Tech

Albert Einstein Sculpture

Moving Forward. Making Progress

Atlantic Drive Streetscape

G. Wayne Clough Undergraduate Learning Commons (2011) LEED Platinum Architect: Bohlin Cywinski Jackson, CM: Turner Construction Co., TPB: $93.6M

G. Wayne Clough Undergraduate Learning Commons (2011)

ECOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE

THE HUMAN LANDSCAPE

SOCIAL THEATER

Engineered Biosystems Building (EBB) Interdisciplinary Thematicbased Research: -Cell Therapies -Chemical Biology -Computational Biology Architect: Cooper Carry with Lake Flato Landscape Architect: Nelson Byrd Wolz with jb+a CM: McCarthy Builders TPB: $113M

West Campus Dining - Conceptual Development Plan Architect: Cooper Carry with Lake Flato Landscape Architect: Koons Environmental Design CM: Juneau Construction TPB: $29M

West Campus Dining Commons The Reminder.

West Campus Dining Commons The Idea.

West Campus Dining Commons The Discussion

West Campus Dining Commons The Test Fit

West Campus Dining Commons Site Design

West Campus Dining Conceptual Development Plan

West Campus Dining Commons Stormwater

What Makes a Living Building? 20 Imperatives within a 7 Petal Structure PLACE: Restoring a Healthy Interrelationship with Nature WATER: Net Positive Water Use ENERGY: Net Positive Energy Use HEALTH & HAPPINESS: Optimize Well Being MATERIALS: Safe for all Species Through Time EQUITY: Supporting a Just and Equitable World BEAUTY: Uplifting the Human Spirit Focus on Integrated, Holistic Planning of Site and Campus Living Building at Georgia Tech www.livingbuilding.gatech.edu

Living Building at Georgia Tech www.livingbuilding.gatech.edu What Would Nature Do?

Living Building at Georgia Tech Living Building at Georgia Tech www.livingbuilding.gatech.edu

Living Building at Georgia Tech www.livingbuilding.gatech.edu

Sector Planning: Eco-Commons Sector Development Plan* 2. New Police Facility 4. New Parking Structure & Office Building 5. The Living Building at Tech (tentative) 6. Eco-Commons Living Building at Georgia Tech www.livingbuilding.gatech.edu *Pending

Living Building at Georgia Tech www.livingbuilding.gatech.edu

Looking back. The Report Card

West Campus Dining Conceptual Development Plan REVIEW OF COMPLETED PROJECTS West Campus Dining Commons Project area within Eco- Commons Project Area within Green Building Zone Total Project Area Project Completion Date: (Summer 2017) Review Date: (Fall 2016) Project Area (acre) 1.32 0.31 1.63 Associated Corridor Area: (8th & McMillan) (acre) 0.05 0.06 0.11 Total Project Area 1.37 0.37 1.74 Percent of Total Project Area 79% 21% 100% Building Footprint (approx) (acre) 0.46 Total Project Area Minus Building Footprint (acre) 0.91 ECOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT Total Site C-Factor (stormwater runoff) * 0.25 0.5 0.30 Tree Canopy Coverage (achieved within 10 yrs) (acre)*** 0.65 0.16 0.81 Woodland Area (acres) 0.35 0.03 0.38 Replacement Trees Required 213 PROJECT ACHIEVEMENT Total Site C-Factor (stormwater runoff) ** 0.70 0.72 0.70 Tree Canopy Coverage (achieved within 10 yrs) (acre)*** 0.49 0.21 0.7 Woodland Area (acres) *** 0.14 0.04 0.18 Replacement Trees (expressed as 2-4" cal trees) 33 PERCENT OF REQUIREMENTS ACHIEVED Total Site C-Factor (stormwater runoff) 43% Tree Canopy Coverage (achieved within 10 yrs) 86% Woodland Area 47% Replacement Trees 15% * The physical interpretation of the runoff coefficient for a watershed is the fraction of rainfall on a watershed that becomes storm water runoff. Thus the runoff coefficient must have a value between zero and one. ** The impact of cisterns is not reflected in a Project's Achievement of the Total Site C-factor, but is applied separately as a credit. *** Building Footprint Area is subtracted from requirement

Looking back. The Report Card

Georgia Tech. 2005 2014

Q & A