1978
---
1 1978
2
3
4
5
6
7
1980 30 1998 1-1 World Investment Report 1998, United Nations Conference On Trade And Development, P.361 8
9
10 1-1 () () () 1,070,310 0.90 98.08 1,060,738 1.49 97.73 1,045,117 2.42 97.76 1-2 ( ) () () 7,405 0.83 78.06 7,344 1.09 78.25 7,265 0.93 78.21 1-1 1-1 1-3 ( ) () () 75,666 9.58 28.98 69,051-0.04 28.95 69,078 0.64 30.36 1-1 1-1
11
12
13
14 1-2
15
16
17
18
d 19
20
21
22
23
1 (2000) 11 p165-167 24
25
0 F F t 0 26
2 1999 p35-39 27
28
29
30
31
32
82.72% 11.11% 93.83% 2-1 90 5 24 90 5 48570 33
50.52% 48570 2-2 34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
(1) (5) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (6) ( )(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) ( ) 48
49 (2) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ( ) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ( ) (1) ( 5-1)(2) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) ( )(6) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (WTO) (1) ( 8-1 8-2) (2)
50 (WTO) (1)(2)( ) (WTO) (1) (2) ( ) (1) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) A. (1) (2) (3) (4) B. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) C. (1) (2) (3) D. (1) (2) (3) E. (1) (2) (3) (4)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) ( ) A (1)(2) B (1) (2)(3) C (1)(2)(3) D (1)(2)(3) E (1) (2) F (1)(2) G (1)(2) (3) (1) (2) WTO/ (3) (4) 51
52 (1) (2) (3) (4) (1) (2) (3) ( ) (4) (5) (6) (7) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
53
α α α α 54
55
3-3 (2) (5) (6) (7) 56
(8) (WTO) (6) (7) (8) 57
3-4 (1) (3) (4) (1) (2) (3) (4) 58
59
60 3-5 (1) (2)
61 ( )
62
3-6 63
64 80 4-1 1979 1990 2.9 60.3 36.8 90 1.7 65.4 62.4 32.9 4-1 (%) 1979~1990 1990 1991 2.9 1.8 1.8 60.3 84.4 81.5 81.7 80.4 36.8 13.8 16.7 100.0 100.0 100.0
65 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1991~1998 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.9 1.6 2.1 2.3 1.7 60.1 49.4 56.0 69.6 71.6 66.7 68.0 65.4 56.9 45.9 53.1 67.5 68.9 61.6 64.6 62.4 38.7 49.5 42.8 28.5 26.8 31.2 29.7 32.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ( ) 1993 8.4 1998 42.3 34.6 58.6 9.2 25.5 4-2 4-2 (%) 1993 1995 1997 1998 9.2 7.4 19.5 20.6 20.6 19.0 24.8 22.3
66 13.9 13.1 0.5 11.3 30.6 29.7 17.3 15.2 11.5 7.0 28.0 0.9 7.8 13.4 8.4 11.4 20.3 3.8 1.3 4.2 8.6 5.9 5.0 11.3 9.2 34.6 23.9 14.9 32.4 21.2 0.6 20.3 50.0 51.2 24.6 27.8 15.9 16.5 40.6 0.7 13.6 25.6 10.0 23.3 31.1 11.7 4.7 10.1 23.6 14.4 10.0 23.5 23.1 58.8 36.9 35.5 24.4 0.6 18.0 43.7 47.3 23.2 24.3 17.9 17.3 42.1 3.1 14.9 24.7 15.8 20.1 31.6 10.7 2.9 9.9 22.9 13.7 10.4 23.9 23.2 61.3 39.3 33.9 37.2 26.9 0.7 19.1 49.0 53.5 28.0 40.6 23.5 29.2 61.3 1.4 17.4 22.9 42.3 31.4 40.4 15.4 4.3 9.7 31.9 18.3 13.7 26.4 25.5 58.6 49.4 42.9 500 1993 1998 1998 2001 WTO 56 ()
() () () 67
a. b. c. d. e. 68
69
4-3 70
71
3% 4% 5% 5% 1% 7% 28% 10% 10% 13% 13% 4-1 72
% 17% 2% 0% 4% 7% 9% 11% 50% 4-2 73
10% 1% 6% 28% 14% 16% 24% 4 74
75 ( ) 28% 4-4 30% 18% 15% 10% 6% 21%
% 76
67% 12% 7% 7% 5% 2% 4 3 77
28% 31% 3% 2% 13% 23% 4 78
28.26 32.61 6.52 8.7 10.87 13.04 4-7 4-15 79
% % 8-1 80
4 81
10.87 10.87 6.52 4.35 67.39 4-9 ( ) 82
10.87% 83
4.35 17.39 13.04 65.22 4-10 13.04 2.172.17 21.74 60.87 4-11 84
1.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 5.2 1.0 2.1 5.2 6.2 7.2 11.3 13.4 27.8 17.5 ( ) 85
% 86
( ) 23.91% ( ) 87
82.61% ( ) 88
( ) % 19.57% 24% 14.59 6.25 8.34 10.42 60.44 ( ) 89
4-33 WTO/ ( ) 4-34 ( ) % 90
91 25.58 19.77 16.28 15.12 11.63 5.81 4.65 1.16 ( )
% % % 2.35 3.53 4.71 7.06 12.94 29.41 18.82 21.18 92
% 21.18% 18.82% 23.91% 413 93
α 94
95
96
97
4 98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113 1000 know-how 1000 1000 2-2.5% 15%
114
115
116
117
1. 1998 2. 2000-26 12 100-113 3. 2000 14 10-23 4. 2001 Vol10p13-20 5. 1989 PP353383 6. 1999 7. 2000 8. 1999 9. 1997 10. 1994. 11. 1985 12. 2000 89 6 13. 1998 3 118
14. 2000 89 6 15. 2000 64 1989 9 40-140 16. 2000 90 3-7 17. 2000 91 5-9 18. (2000) 11 19. 2001 90 6 20. 2000 21. 2000 Vol3p20-34 22. 2000 2000 23. 2000 2000 24. 1996 25. 1997 26. 90 6 119
1.John H. Dunning, "Explaining Changing Pattern of International Production: In Defence of the Eclectic Theory", Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 41, NO.4, Nov. 1979. 2.Makhija, Mona Verma, Government Intervention in The Venezuelan Petrolem Industry: An Empirical Investigation of Political Risk, Journal of International Business Studies, Winter (1986), pp57-61. 3.Liu, Yan and Brece Bjornson, Managing Exposere of Direct Foreign Investment to Political Risk: TheCase of Food Businesses in China, International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, Vol.1, No.3 (Mar. 1998), pp359-372. 4.Miller, Kent D., A Framework for Integrated Risk Management in International Business, Journal of International Business Studies, Second Quarter 1992, p.321 5.Political & Economic Risk Consultomcy, Ltd., Comparative Country Risk Report, 1998. 6.Richard N. Farmen & Barry M. Richman, International Business: An Operational Theory; Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1966. 7.Robert B. Stobaugh Jr. "How to Analyze Foreign Investment Climates", Harvard Business Review, Sept-Oct, 1969. 8.Ting, Wenlee, Multinational Risk Assessment and Management, Greenwoos Press, U.S.A., 1988. 9.Torr, Jose De La, Forecasting Country Political Risk, unpublished paper, December(1980), p40. 10.Toyne, Brain and Peter G. P Walters., Global Marketing Management: A Strategic Perspective, Allyn and Bacan, Incorporated, Massachusetts, U.S.A.(1989), pp47-69 11.Zhuang L., R. Ritchie and Q. Zhang, Managing Business Risks in China, Long Range Planning, Vol.31, No.4 (1998), pp606-614. 120
WTO 886-0922692879 886-0938710459 121
2001 01 02 03 1. ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ( (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) ( ) 2. ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7) 3. ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ( ) 4. ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) ( ) 5. (1) ( 5-1) (2) 5-1. ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) ( (6) 6. ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 122
7. ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 8. (WTO) (1) ( 8-1 8-2) (2) 8-1 (WTO) (1) (2)( 8-2. (WTO) (1) (2) ( ) 1. ( ) (1)(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)(10) 2. A. (1)(2) (3) (4) B. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) C. (1) (2) (3) D. (1) (2)(3) E. (1) (2) (3) (4) 3. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 123
124 (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) ( ) 4. A (1)(2) B (1)(2)(3) C (1)(2)(3) D (1)(2)(3) E (1) (2) F (1)(2) G (1)(2) (3) 5. WTO/ (1) (2) (3) (4) 6. (1) (2) (3) (4) 7. (1) (2) (3) ( ) (4) (5) (6) (7) 8. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7)
0958-088591 0915-439210 0938-710459 2001 01 02 03 04 1. (1) (2)(3)(4) (5) 2. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 125
3. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 4. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 5. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 6. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 7. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 8. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 9. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 126
10. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 11. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 12. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 13. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 14. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 15. (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 16. ( ) (1) (2)(3)(4)(5) 17. 127
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 18. (1) (2) 19. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 20. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 128
21. 3 6 22. 2 4 23. 8 10 24. 1 25. 2~16 26. 17~20 27. 14 18 129