1001-5558 2012 01-0029-11 G75 A 12 BGA070049 07JHQ006 1. 50 J., 1999, 5 46~54. 2. J. 1998, 2 3~24.. J. 2008, 6 2 3~42. N. W. Journal of Ethnology 2012 1 72 2012.No.1 Total No.72
12 34 56 78 910 輥輯訛 2009 14.3% 2010~2020 1 2002 146.9 2009 168.1 2.27% Northwestern Journal of Ethnology 1. J., 1994, 3 14~24. 2. J., 2004 4 148~150. 3. J., 2002, 6 9~17. 4. J., 2006 43 5 21~27. 5 2011, 1 61~67. 6. J.,. J. 2010, 1 9~16. 7 Fullan, M. The new meaning of educational change 3rd ed.. New York: Teachers College Press. 2001. 8 Hannum E. & Albert P. Academic achievement and engagement in rural China. In E. Hannum, P. Albert Eds.. Education and Reform in China. Oxford: Routledge. 2007. 9 2 1 1~8.. J., 2010, 10. J., 2008, 1. 輥輯訛. R.2010. 30
6.48% 9.27% 1 1 2002 2009 2 2! " # # # $%! " # # 2009 2 % 2009 96.7% 98.95% 98.8% 91.5% 3 2002 3 3 %! 1. Z.2010.. R.2010. 2. 2009 3 2009 99.4% 98.28% 93.61% 2009 31
4 % 2002 2009 2009 2002 5 1 1 5 Northwestern Journal of Ethnology 2009 38.4 35.7 40 73.1% 40 70% 741 91.63% 59.4% 5.13% 3.24% 281 39.36% 44.96% 2000 1 2006 1. 2009 32
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23.9% 60.9% 6 2009 3.84 6 2600 15.99% 24.04% 1 2 6 2009 3 Northwestern Journal of Ethnology +, 4, 2009 5.4 59.1% 13.8% 4 1. 2009~2010.. 2. 3 4!" #"! "!$#"% && "! (%&! "&$)(! " $(%! &#%# "*$( * -./ 01 2 #3"# )3#! *3"(!3 * *3( #3(& &3(( )3# )3# ""3* (3#* *()( % **"% *&#) "* " "%## ( #""* " *" **&( -./ 01 2 "3 *3)" % "3& *3& #3) %3 # %3) "3#) (3* "3((. 2009. 34
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Northwestern Journal of Ethnology 30% 50% 50 2020 36
50 1 1500 1000 5000 1 1 1 3000 1000 1 2009 17.25% 75.24% 78.04% 89.39% 94.97% 89.94%. 2009 4. 37
Northwestern Journal of Ethnology 1000 1000 5 1000 4 5 200 5 6 24.2 500 1000 1000 1000 5 38
500 50 P.77 2011-02-08 1965~ 730070 1975~ 730070 39
1274~2000 20 2010-09-23 1978~ 650091 Muslim Communities in Kunming: 1274-2000 Ma Xuefeng Abstract: In Yuan Dynasty, a comparatively larger Muslim community had been formed in Kunming city. During a period of nearly 600 years from the 13th century to the 19th century, this community had been developing peacefully in Kunming. As a result, five mosque-centered -Jama ats came into being as the traditional residential pattern of Muslim in Kunming. However, the Muslim community was completely destroyed in Xiantong Incident in the middle of 19th century. During the next 100 years, the Muslim community of Kunming had been restored progressively. Therefore, by the end of the 1950s, the five mosque-centered -Jama ats had been revived. Half a century later, however, under the influence of various factors of modernity, the traditional community structure has been changed in many aspects, which in turn led to its gradual disintegration. Key words: Kunming; Muslim community; five-mosque-centered-jama ats; disintegration Current Situation of Teaching Staff s Supplement, Improvement and Management in Ethnic Minority Areas of China and its Countermeasure Research Wang Jiayi Zhao Mingren Abstract: In the context of improving the quality of education in minority regions and promoting balanced development of education, it is a fact that strengthening teaching staff s supplement, improvement and management is a prerequisite and decisive factor to improve the quality of education in minority areas. Based on the experiences of developing education in minority regions and under the guidance of Scientific Concept of Development, the following policy recommendations are suggested to solve the key problems: fully understanding the great strategic significance in strengthening the teaching staffs in minority areas in new era; improving the treatment of teachers in minority areas; creating innovative resource allocation mechanism for teachers in minority areas; increasing the counterparts support and communication between urban and rural areas; carrying out cultivation and training of bilingual teachers, improving teachers management level and strengthening research on teachers in minority areas. Key words: ethnic minority regions; teachers; current situation; problem; countermeasure See P.29 1 1980 77