to tag each of their wives. 公元前一世纪 : 益智环首先出现在亚洲, 苏丹们和酋长们用它来标识他们的每个妻子 1217: The bishop of Salisbury puts an end to the popular practice of seducing gir

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The History of Engagement Rings 订婚戒指的历史 Have you ever wondered why we first began lusting after diamonds? Blame it on one enterprising archduke, who arguably started the tradition.

1 The History of Engagement Rings 订婚戒指的历史 Have you ever wondered why we first began lusting after diamonds? Blame it on one enterprising archduke, who arguably started the tradition. 你是否想知道我们最初贪恋钻石是出于什么原因? 恐怕这这个传统的开始要归咎于一个有魄力的大公身上 One of the first recorded uses of a diamond engagement ring was Archduke Maximilian of Austria's proposal to Mary of Burgundy with a ring set with thin, flat pieces of diamonds in the shape of an "M." 关于钻戒使用的最早记录中有一条是奥地利大公马克西米利安向勃垦地的玛丽求婚时, 赠与了一个 M 形又薄又平的钻石镶嵌的戒指 But we can trace this mark-your-territory wedding trend way, way back, eons before Max and his fair Lady M. Below, how our love affair with the rock slowly evolved. 但是, 这个标志你归宿的婚礼可以追溯到马克西米利安和他的夫人玛丽结婚以前的很多年, 我们的爱情与石头的关系是怎样演变的 Pre-History: The caveman tied cords made of braided grass around his chosen mate s wrists, ankles, and waist, to bring her spirit under his control. 史前 : 穴居人把编织的草绑在他选择的伴侣的手腕, 脚腕, 腰上, 使她的精神在他的控制之下 Circa 2800 BC: Egyptians are buried wearing rings made of a single silver or gold wire on the third finger of their left hands, believed to be connected directly to the heart by the vena amoris. 大约公元前 2800 年 : 埃及人在下葬时都会在左手的第三个手指上戴上由单银或金子制成的戒指, 因为他们相信这只手指的静脉血管 vena amoris 直达心脏 2nd Century BC: According to Pliny the Elder, the groom gives the bride first a gold ring to wear during the ceremony and at special events, then an iron ring to wear at home, signifying her binding legal agreement to his ownership of her. 公元前 2 世纪 : 根据老普林尼记载, 在仪式和特别活动期间新郎首先要赠给新娘一枚金戒指, 然后在家中戴铁戒指, 标志着他对她的所有权是具有法律约束力的 1st Century BC: Puzzle rings first appear in Asia, where sultans and sheiks use them

2 to tag each of their wives. 公元前一世纪 : 益智环首先出现在亚洲, 苏丹们和酋长们用它来标识他们的每个妻子 1217: The bishop of Salisbury puts an end to the popular practice of seducing girls into mock marriage with rings made of rushes. His solution is declaring a marriage with a rush-ring legally binding. 1217: 索尔兹伯里主教结束了利用灯心草制成的戒指引诱女孩假婚的流行做法他宣布灯心草戒指意味着这次婚姻具有法律约束力 1456: The Gutenberg bible is published. There is no mention of betrothal or marriage rings in this or any other edition of the bible. 1456: 古腾堡圣经出版在这本圣经以及其他版本的圣经中都没有提及订婚戒指或是结婚戒指 1477: In one of the first recorded uses of a diamond engagement ring, Archduke Maximilian of Austria proposes to Mary of Burgundy with a ring that is set with thin, flat pieces of diamonds in the shape of an "M." 1477: 在钻戒使用的最早记录中, 奥地利大公马克西米利安向勃垦地的玛丽求婚时, 赠与了一个镶着又薄又平的 M 形钻石的戒指 1700s: Silver "poesy rings" engraved with flowery sayings are in vogue in Europe. Across the Atlantic Ocean, the Puritans give their betrotheds useful thimbles instead of rings, which are derided as frippery. Eventually, however, many thimbles get their tops sliced off and are worn as rings anyway 年 : 刻着优美语句的银诗意环在欧洲盛行横跨大西洋, 清教徒们赠与自己的未婚夫有用的顶针, 而不是被嘲笑为俗气的戒指但是最终, 许多顶针的头部被切掉, 并作为戒指来戴 1800s: The highly sentimental Victorians make jewelry from human hair, and use gemstones to spell out names or endearments, such as a D-E-A-R-E-S-T ring set with a sequence of diamond, emerald, amethyst, ruby, emerald, etc 年 : 感情十分丰富的维多利亚人用人的头发做首饰, 并用宝石拼写出名字或表达爱意, 列如 D-E-A-R-E-S-T 戒指用钻石, 绿宝石, 紫水晶, 红宝石, 翡翠等依次排列而成 1867: Diamonds are discovered in the Cape Colony (now a province in South Africa), the beginning of a huge increase in the diamond supply. 1867: 钻石在开普敦殖民地 ( 现在是南非的一个省 ) 被发掘, 于是钻石供应开始大量增加 1880: Cecil Rhodes, who arrived in South Africa in 1873, founds the DeBeers Mining Company with other investors. Within the decade, they will control 90 percent of the world s diamond production. 1880: 塞西尔罗德斯在 1837 年到达南非, 与其他投资者一起建立了德比尔斯矿业公司在十年里, 他们将会控制世界钻石制造量的 90% 1886: Tiffany & Co. introduces the "Tiffany setting," a six-prong ring designed to maximize a diamond's brilliance by raising it up from the band. 1886: 蒂芙尼公司推出了 "Tiffany setting" 戒指, 一个把钻石高高镶嵌于铂金六爪戒托之上, 以便最大程度的衬托钻石光彩的六爪镶嵌订婚钻戒

3 1890s: Affordable wedding rings and diamond engagement rings appear in mail-order catalogs, such as Sears & Roebuck 年 : 能够支付的起的结婚戒指和钻石订婚戒指出现在邮购的目录里, 列如西尔斯 1918: Cartier creates the Trinity Ring intertwined hoops in pink gold (love), white gold (friendship), and yellow gold (fidelity) for Jean Cocteau, who gives one to his lover, poet Raymond Radiguet. It is still a traditional wedding ring in France. 1918: 卡地亚为其好友让考克托设计了三色金戒指粉红色 K 金 ( 象征爱 ), 白色 K 金 ( 象征友谊 ), 黄色 K 金 ( 象征忠诚 ) 三种颜色的 K 金环环环相套让考克将此送给了他的爱人 - 诗人雷蒙德哈第盖至今在法国三色金戒指仍然是传统的结婚戒指 1920s: Manufacturers and retail jewelers try to launch the concept of men's engagement rings, which sinks like a lead balloon 年 : 制造商和零售珠宝商尝试制造男式订婚戒指, 但是这个想法却像灌了铅的气球一样很快销声匿迹 Early 1940's: Engagement rings become the leading line of jewelry in most department stores 年初 : 订婚戒指在许多百货商场成了珠宝的主打产品 1944: A Catholic priest queries The American Ecclesiastical Review as to whether he's permitted to marry a couple in a "double ring" ceremony, and, if so, how to go about it. (The Roman Ritual calls only for the blessing of the bride's ring.) 1944: 一名天主教神父询问美国教会评审他是否可以允许结婚的夫妇两人都戴上戒指, 如果可以, 应该怎样进行呢?( 罗马仪式要求只能为新娘的戒指祝福 ) 1946: Humphrey Bogart chooses to wear his first groom's ring when he is married for the fifth, and final time to Lauren Bacall. 1946: 亨弗莱鲍嘉在与劳伦巴考尔结婚时戴上了第一枚新郎戒指这是他的第五次婚姻, 也是最后一次 1950:Breakfast at Tiffany's is published. In Truman Capote s novel, Tiffany's engraves the cracker-jack ring that winds up as Holly Golightly's engagement ring. 1950: 蒂凡尼的早餐出版在杜鲁门卡波特的小说中, 雕刻着 Tiffany 字样的爆米花赠品戒指最后成为了郝利戈莱特利的订婚戒指 1978: Following her divorce from Richard Burton, Liz Taylor puts the 69-plus karat

4 "Taylor-Burton" diamond up for sale to raise funds for a hospital in Botswana. 1978: 在和理查德伯顿离婚后, 利兹泰勒出售了一个 69 多克拉的泰勒 - 伯顿钻石, 并把筹得的资金用于在博茨瓦纳修建医院 2000: Amid growing concern over human rights violations associated with their trade, the diamond industry creates the World Diamond Council to develop and oversee a tracking system that will "prevent the exploitation of diamonds for illicit purposes such as war and inhumane acts." 2000: 在日益增长的贸易侵犯人权的忧虑中, 钻石行业成立了世界钻石理事会, 以制定和监督跟踪系统这个系统将防止非法目的的钻石开采, 列如战争以及不人道的行为等等 2001: Brad Pitt sues Dalmani International, which made the wedding ring he gave Jennifer Aniston. Pitt says the ring was his exclusive design, but the company sold replicas and implied the couple endorsed them. 2001: 布拉德皮特起诉 Dalmani 国际, 这是他送给詹妮弗安妮斯顿戒指的制造公司皮特说, 戒指是他的独家设计, 但该公司出售它的复制品, 并暗指已经取得他们夫妇的同意 2002: According to a Fairchild Bridal Group Study, more than a third of couples buying diamond engagement rings spend at least two months' salary. 2002:( 根据一项费尔柴尔德新娘集团的研究 ), 有三分之一的夫妇至少花费 2 个月的工资来购买订婚戒指 2003: Wal-Mart introduces its "Keepsake" brand of diamonds and, according to its annual report, becomes "one of the top sellers of diamonds in the world." 2003: 沃尔玛提出了纪念品牌钻石, 根据其年度报告, 这已成为世界上最畅销的钻石之一 2005: A week before Valentine's Day, the one-carat round solitaire diamond ring set in 14K white gold ($1,988) is out of stock on Wal-Mart.com. The author of this story notices a day-glo billboard in her hometown of Lincoln, Nebraska, advertising an "ENGAGEMENT RING EXPLOSION," and hopes no one was hurt. 2005: 情人节的前一个星期, 镶有一克拉圆形纸牌钻石的 14K 白金戒指在沃尔玛的网站上已经脱销这篇文章的作者发现在他的家乡内布拉斯加州林肯市的一

5 个幻彩萤光漆广告牌上写着订婚戒指爆炸, 希望没有人受伤

区域活动进入中班我们区域的设置和活动材料都有所变化, 同时也吸引孩子们积极的参与学习操作区的新材料他们最喜欢, 孩子们用立方块进行推理操作用扑克牌进行接龙游

区域活动进入中班我们区域的设置和活动材料都有所变化, 同时也吸引孩子们积极的参与学习操作区的新材料他们最喜欢, 孩子们用立方块进行推理操作用扑克牌进行接龙游日常生活本月我们日常生活活动的重点 :1. 让孩子养成良好的生活习惯, 注重生活细节如 : 在换好鞋子后能将鞋子整齐的摆放进鞋架坐在椅子上换鞋正确的收放椅子等 2 让孩子有自我照顾的意识如, 让孩子感受自己的冷热并告知老师,