Microsoft Word 刘茜.doc

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1 4 4 Vol. 4 No Journal of Food Safety and Quality Aug., 2013 Monte Carlo 刘茜 1, 韩丽 2*, 伊雄海 2, 曲栗 2, 邓晓军 2, 张舒亚 2, 盛永刚 2, 王敏 2 (1., ; 2., ) 摘要 : 目的, 方法 Monte 结果 1,, 2 结论,, 关键词 : ; ; ; Risk assessment of endosulfan and its metabolite in freshwater product by Monte Carlo simulation LIU Qian 1, HAN Li 2*, YI Xiong-Hai 2, QU Li 2, DENG Xiao-Jun 2, ZHANG Shu-Ya 2, SHENG Yong-Gang 2, WANG Min 2 (1. College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai , China; 2. Shanghai Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai , China) ABSTRACT: Objective To assess and quantify the risk of endosulfan and its metabolites via intake of freshwater products. Method Based on the application 5.7 software of Monte Carlo simulation, the risk quotient was selected to characterize the dietary risk of endosulfan and its metabolites through consuming freshwater products. Results The risk quotient of endosulfan and its metabolites in general population through intake of freshwater products were all less than 1. Moreover, the risk quotient of endosulfan and its metabolites in special groups were higher than that in general population. Particularly, the results in the groups of infants, children and youth were two times than those in general population. Conclusion The dietary exposure of endosulfan and its metabolites only from freshwater products consumption was impossible to bring about severe health risk for general population. But the monitoring of endosulfan and its metabolite in environment should be reinforced to further reduce the dietary endosulfan and its metabolite risk level of the general population. KEY WORDS: endosulfan; freshwater product; risk quotient; risk assessment * 通讯作者 :,,, hanli@shciq.gov.cn *Corresponding author: HAN Li, Senior Engineer, Shanghai Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, No.1208, Minsheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai , China. hanli@shciq.gov.cn

2 , Farbwerk Hoechst [1-3],,, : [4-6] , [7] :, 5 μg/kg (100 μg/kg), [8], 1 危害识别 (endosulfan), : : C 9 H 6 Cl 6 O 3 S,, 6,7,8,9,10,10- -1,5,5a,6,9,9a- -6,9- -2,4,3- -3-,, α- (64%~69%) β- (29%~32%) [9],,,, [6] 1 [10-15] 2 危害特征描述, 90%, 3 8, 18, %,, LD mg/kg bw mg/kg bw,, ;,,,,,,, [16],,,,, [17], 35 mg/kg bw, 1,, [18] 0.02 mg/kg bw, (WHO), LD mg/kg [19] 1 Fig. 1 Structures of endosulfan and its metabolite

3 4, : Monte Carlo 暴露评估 3.1 暴露人群及途径,,,,, [9],, 3.2 评估方法与工具 Monte Carlo, 5.7,,, 3.3 样本浓度分析, ( ) ( ) ( )3, 350, - / [20], α- β-,,, ADI MRL, LOQ 0.5 µg/kg, LOQ,,, 1/2 LOQ(0.25 µg/kg) LOQ 摄入量情况,, [21,22] : RiskNormal( ,2.6069) 3.5 暴露模型的建立 C IR ED EF CDI = (1) BW AT : CDI-, μg/(kg d); C- μg/kg; IR-, kg/d; ED-, ; EF-, d/ ; BW-, kg; AT-, d [23] 3 表 ~2013 年淡水产品中硫丹含量 Table 1 Content of endosulfan in fresh water products in 2006~2013 (μg/kg) P50 P90 P95 P % % % % 表 2 不同人群的摄入量 Table 2 Intake content of different groups (kg) (g/d) (<3 ) / (3~17 ) ( 60 ) :

4 风险描述及分析 (RQ, risk quotient) CDI RQ = (2) ADI, ADI mg/kg bw d -1 [9,24] 3, Monte 10000, 10, 2~5 2, , 1 3~5, , 1 Table 3 表 3 暴露量计算参数 Parameters of exposed quantity / (<3 ) / (3~17 ) ( 60 ) C mg/kg 0.85 IR g/d BW kg ED 70 AT d EF d/ 350 Fig. 2 2 Probability distribution of endosulfan and its metabolite RQ from freshwater products for whole population

5 4, : Monte Carlo 1271 Fig. 3 3 (<3 ) Probability distribution of endosulfan and its metabolite RQ from freshwater products for 3-years-old infants Fig. 4 4 / (3~17 ) Probability distribution of endosulfan and its metabolite RQ from freshwater products for 3~17-years-old children and adolescents

6 Fig. 5 5 ( 60 ) Probability distribution of endosulfan and its metabolite RQ from freshwater products for 60-years-old aged 5 结果与讨论 5.1 风险商分析 1,,,,, 2,, 5.2 不确定性分析,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 参考文献 [1],,,. [J]., 2008, 29(2): Ren NQ, Zhang XD, Zhou GH, et al. Induce apoptosis and mechanism of endosulfan in mouse germ cells [J]. Environm Sci, 2008, 29(2): [2] DG Environment, European Commission. Draft exploration of management options for endosulfan [R]. Canada: European Commission, [3] Desalegn B, Takasuga T, Harada K H, et al. Historical trends in human dietary intakes of endosulfan and toxaphene in China, Korea and Japan [J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 83: [4] Weber J, Halsall C J, Muir D, et al. Endosulfan, a global pesticide: A review of its fate in the environment and occurrence in

7 4, : Monte Carlo 1273 the Arctic [J]. Sci Total Environ, 2010, 408: [5] Hapeman CJ, McConnell LL, Potter TL, et al. Endosulfan in the atmosphere of South Florida: Transport to Everglades and Biscayne National Parks [J]. Atmos Environ, 2012: [6]. [D]., Jia HL. Distribution and transport of endosulfan in Chinese soil and air [D]. Dalian Maritime University, [7]. [J]., 2006, 9(2):1 4. You TS. Endosulfan content of eel exported to Japan from mainland [J]. Food Safe Focus, 2006, 9(2):1 4. [8] Panel on animal feed, Norwegian Scientific Committee on Food Safety. Comments on dietary exposure studies on endosulfan in fish [R]. Norwegian: Norwegian Scientific Committee on Food Safety, [9] Department of Health & Family Welfare. Report of the committee to evaluate the safety aspects of endosulfan [R]. Gujarat, INDIA: Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar, [10] Scremin OU, Chialvo DR, Lavarello S, et al. The environmental pollutant endosulfan disrupts cerebral cortical function at low doses [J]. Neuro Toxicol, 2011, 32: [11],,,. [J]., 2008, 43(4): 1 6. Hu GC, Gan L, Wu TS, et al. Toxicological effects of endosulfan on Danio rerio [J]. Chin J Zool, 2008, 43(4): 1 6. [12] Sharma A, Mishra M, Shukla A K, et al. Organochlorine pesticide, endosulfan induced cellular and organism response in Drosophila melanogaster [J]. J Hazard Mater, 2012, : [13],,,. [J]., 2002, 16(5): Zhu XQ, Zheng YF, Zhang QW, et al. Effects of endosulfan on the spermatogenesis and oxidative damage in rats [J]. Chin J Pharmacol Toxicol, 2002, 16(5): [14]. [J]., 2012,(9): Zhao Q. Effect of endosulfan on male sperm [J]. Technol Innovat Appl, 2012, (9): [15] 濛,. [J]., 2010, 45(1): Zhang M, Zhou XQ. Effect of endosulfan on immune function of erythrocytes in mice [J]. Chin J Zool, 2010, 45(1): [16]. [D]., Wu XY. MRLs and risk assessment of tea pesticide [D]. Anhui Agricultural University, [17]. [J]., 2002, 23(5): 35. Zhang BZ. Effect of endosulfan on human health and ecological environment [J]. Pestic Sci Admin, 2002, 23(5): 35. [18] Lehr W. Summary of intoxications with endosulfan [J]. Clin Cases Poison Incid, [19] IOMC, UNEP, ILO, et al. The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification [M]. Geneva: WHO, [20] SC/T [S]. SC/T Determination of endosulfan residues in aquatic products by gas chromatography [S]. [21] 2002 [R]. Chinese residents of nutrition and health survey in 2002 [R]. [22],,,. [J]., 2010, 22(6): Zhao XP, Yuan YW, Hu XQ, et al. Residues and its dietary exposure estimation of indoxacarb and chlorpyrifos in pakchoi cabbage [J]. Acta Agr Zhejiangensis, 2010, 22(6): [23] USEPA Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfind (RAGS), vol.1.human Health Evaluation Manual Supplemental Guidance: Standard Default Exposure Factors. OSWER Directive [24] GB [S]. GB National food safety standard Maximum residue limits for pesticides in food [S]. 作者简介 ( 责任编辑 : 张宏梁 ) 刘茜, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为食品安全检测 liuqian_cici@163.com 韩丽, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全检测 hanli@shciq.gov.cn

Microsoft Word 聂雪梅.doc

Microsoft Word 聂雪梅.doc 4 4 Vol. 4 No. 4 2013 8 Journal of Food Safety and Quality Aug., 2013 聂雪梅 *, 李立, 孙利, 高飞 (, 100123) 摘要 : 2011 12,, 2007~2011,,,, 关键词 : ; ; ; ; Trade and notification situation on food import and export