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3 GDP 3.0% GDP 7.0% GDP 15.0% 1 GDP t _34152.html 2017 http // gongzuodongtai/ 2 GDP GDP 3 4

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中国社会保障 40 年经验总结与改革取向图中国多层次医疗保障体系注 2016 年基本医疗保险参保人数和基金收支数据来自国家统计局网站报销比例数据来自人力资源和社会保障部及各地医保制度规定城乡居民大病保险保障水平来自人力资源社会保障部对十二届全国人大五次会议第 6049 号建议的答复城镇职工大病保险和公务员医疗补助缴费和待遇来自各地大病保险相关规定和公务员医疗补助暂行规定

6 中国社会保障 40 年经验总结与改革取向图中国多层次医疗保障体系注 2016 年基本医疗保险参保人数和基金收支数据来自国家统计局网站报销比例数据来自人力资源和社会保障部及各地医保制度规定城乡居民大病保险保障水平来自人力资源社会保障部对十二届全国人大五次会议第 6049 号建议的答复城镇职工大病保险和公务员医疗补助缴费和待遇来自各地大病保险相关规定和公务员医疗补助暂行规定 2015 年公务员医疗补助和补充医疗保险数据来自人力资源和社会保障部社会保险运行报告年运行报告没有再公布相关数据 2016 年健康险和团体健康险保费根据中国保险年鉴 2016 相关数据计算 2017 年健康险数据来自保监会 2017 年保险业经营情况表个人税优型健康险相关规定和数据根据保监会相关问题的通知公告整理而成二社会保障 40 年的贡献经济发展与社会稳定根据世界银行的统计 1978 年中国GDP 总量仅为亿美元人均 GDP 仅为 155 美元而 2017 年中国 GDP 总量高达 12.3 万亿美元稳居世界排名第二人均 GDP

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17 Chinese Journal of Population Science A bimonthly No. August ABSTRACTS 40 Years of China s Social Security: Experiences and Reform Orientation Zheng Bingwen 2 On the occasion of the 40 th anniversary of reform and opening up, the paper reviews the difficult processes and great achievements since the establishment of the social security system, and analyzes the origin and motivation of its reform. The main contributions of social security to economic and social development are that it is helpful to make enterprises as real market players and individuals as free labourers, and the social security system become a regulator of market economy and a safety net for social stabilization. The paper summarizes the successful experiences and remaining problems about the system. Paradoxically, it argues that both experiences and problems result from multipoint trial and error. The paper puts forward the following four points on the orientation for future social security reforms: to change the rapid expansion of social security to high- quality development, to solve the existing problems of insufficiency and imbalance of social security as soon as possible, to make the top- level design of the social security play a vital role in the supply- side structural reform, and to apply the actuarial balance principle in the social security reform. A Study on Poverty Reduction Effects of Transferring Agricultural Labor Force in China Zhang Guiwen and Others 18 Employing the methods of logical deduction and mathematical analysis, the paper analyzes the effects of agricultural labor s transferring on reducing rural poverty. Four mechanisms are proposed as follows: to increase non- agricultural income through non- farm employment, to increase agricultural income by promoting scale operation of land, to improve farmers earning ability by increasing their human capital stock, and to improve farmers influences on policy making by reducing the agricultural population. The paper uses econometric analyses to test these mechanisms empirically. The results show that the transfer of Chinese agricultural labor significantly reduces poverty incidence and plays a vital role in poverty reduction in the rural areas. Meanwhile, the average years of education among rural labor force, national financial support for agriculture, rural finance, and rural infrastructure construction have important impacts on rural poverty reduction. In order to strengthen the poverty reduction effect of transferring agricultural labor force in the new era, it is necessary to promote the urbanization of transferred rural population, to deepen the reform of rural land system and that of the state financial and monetary systems, and to implement differentiated poverty alleviation policies. Research on Regional Inequality and Inter-region Synergy of Green Total Factor Productivity in China Liu Huajun and Others 30 Narrowing the regional inequality of green total factor productivity (TFP) is an important task for the harmonization of regional development in the high- quality development stage. By adopting DMSP/OLS night- time lights data as a proxy of good productivity, this paper uses the Malmquist Productivity Index to measure green TFP and analyzes its regional inequality and influencing factors empirically in China. The results are as follows. Firstly, China s green TFP is low and there is a long way to go before realizing high- quality development. Secondly, the regional inequality of green TFP is increasing. There are two key missions in order to narrow the regional inequality of green TFP. One is to strengthen the interregional coordination of high- quality development and another is to narrow the regional difference of technological progress. Thirdly, economic development, rationalization of industrial structure, and marketization all have positive effects on green TFP, while factor endowment structure and energy consumption structure have negative effects. Based on the above conclusions, this paper provides recommendations for promoting the inter- region synergy of green TFP in China. 126

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香港知识溢出对内地创新能力影响的实证研究以广东省为例王鹏赵捷摘要 : 改革开放以来, 内地经济技术和创新水平的提高离不开源自香港的知识溢出本文以广东省为例, 运用 1990 ~ 2010 年粤港两地经济社会数据, 从知识溢出角度