船用发动机排放标准研究制订情况

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1 中国船舶大气污染物排放标准法规最新进展 Latest progress on shipping emission standard in China 环境保护部二〇一四年二月 ESI of MEP February

2 目录 Agenda 中国船舶大气污染物排放现状 Current Situation of Air Pollutant Emissions from Ships in China 中国机动车船排放标准体系 Chinese System of Standards for Emissions from Motor Vehicles and Ships 远洋船舶大气污染物排放控制 Control of Air Pollutant Emissions from Oceangoing Vessels 船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 1

3 中国船舶大气污染物排放现状 Status of Shipping Emission in China 中国内河航道状况 Basic information of inland waterways in China 中国是一个造船大国, 同时也是一个内河航运资源比较丰富的国家 ; 内河航运是一种重要的运输方式, 在各种运输方式中占有不可替代的位置其优势是 : 能耗低, 运能大 ; 内河航运资源比较丰富拥有大小天然河流 5800 多条, 河流总长 43 万公里 ; 其中流域面积在 1000 平方公里以上的有 80 多条 ; 天然湖泊 900 多个 China is a big country in shipbuilding and a country with abundant resources of inland waterway transport; Inland waterway transport is an important means of transportation, which is irreplaceable in various modes of transportation. Its advantages: low energy consumption, and transport; high transport capacity; Abundant inland water resources Over 5,800 large and small natural riverstotal length of all the rivers: 430,000km; The drainage area of over 80 rivers is at least 1,000 square kilometers ; Over 900 natural lakes. 2

中国船舶大气污染物排放现状 Status of Shipping Emission in China 船舶大气污染物排放现状 Current situation of air pollutant emissions from ships 远洋船舶遵守国际公约, 大气污染物排放已有所控制 ; 内河船舶尚无专门排放标准, 污染物排放状况相对机动车非道路机械等落后 ;

4 中国船舶大气污染物排放现状 Status of Shipping Emission in China 船舶大气污染物排放现状 Current situation of air pollutant emissions from ships 远洋船舶遵守国际公约, 大气污染物排放已有所控制 ; 内河船舶尚无专门排放标准, 污染物排放状况相对机动车非道路机械等落后 ; 船舶的柴油消耗量约占非道路用途柴油的 15%; Ocean-going vessels comply with international conventions; air pollutant emissions have been controlled to a certain extent; No special standards for the emissions of inland waterway ships have been formulated. The management on pollutant emissions is outdated as compared with motor vehicles, non-road machinery, etc.; The diesel consumption of ships accounts for around 15% of that of non-road machinery; stationary engine Ship Railway locomotive Mobile agricultural machinery 2008 年各类非道路机械柴油消耗量比例 Proportion of Diesel Consumption of Various Types of Non-road Machinery in 2008 Agricultural carrier vehicle Construction machinery 来源 : 十一五国家科技支撑计划项目环境污染物排放关键技术标准研制 Source: Project of the National Science and Technology Support Program in the 11th Five-Year Period Development of Key Technology Standards for Environmental Pollutant Emissions 3

5 中国船舶大气污染物排放现状 Status of Shipping Emission in China 船舶大气污染物排放现状 Current situation of air pollutant emissions from ships 内河船型旧吨位小, 多使用技术落后的中小型船舶柴油机发动机 ; 为降低成本, 一些船舶使用劣质的燃料油, 使污染情况更加复杂和严重 ; 粗略估算, 内河船舶排入大气的污染物 ( 仅估算柴油机船舶部分 ): NOx:60~70 万吨 / 年 ; PM:5~6 万吨 / 年 ; SOx: 10 万吨 / 年 Inland waterway ships feature old models and low tonnage. Most of them are equipped with backward small and medium-sized diesel engines; To reduce costs, inferior fuel oil is used in some ships, resulting in more complicated and serious pollution; Rough estimation, air pollutants from inland waterway ships (only for diesel-engined ships): NOx: 600,000~700,000 tons/year; PM: 50,000~60,000 tons/year; SOx: 100,000 tons/year. 4

6 中国机动车船排放标准体系 Vehicle and Ship Emission Standard System 移动源 Mobile sources 船舶非道路移动机械等均属于非道路移动污染源范畴 ; 在机动车污染控制取得显著效果的情况下, 国家越来越重视非道路移动污染源的排放控制 ; Marine and non-road mobile machinery belong to the scope of non-road mobile sources of pollution; With significant results achieved in the control of motor vehicle pollution, the state pays more attention to the control of non-road mobile source emissions; 道路车辆和发动机 Road vehicles and engines 非道路发动机 Non-road engines 汽车 Motor vehicles 摩托车 Motorcycles 三轮汽车和低速货车 Three-wheeled vehicles and low-speed trucks 非道路移动机械 ( 如工程机械农用机械等 ) Non-road mobile machinery (e.g. construction machinery, agricultural machinery, etc.) 船舶 Ships 压燃式 : CO HC NOx PM 和烟铁路机车 Railway locomotives 点燃式 :CO HC 和 NOx 飞机 Aircrafts Compression ignition: CO, HC, NOx, PMand smoke Spark ignition:co, HCandNOx 5

7 中国机动车船排放标准体系 Vehicle and Ship Emission Standard System Prevailing standards for ship emissions 船舶相关排放标准现状远洋船舶 : 按照国际公约 (MARPOL 73/78) 附则 VI 防止船舶造成大气污染规则的相应要求执行内河及沿海船舶 : 小型船用柴油机按照非道路机械排放标准执行 (37kW 以下 ); 船用柴油机排放标准制订中 ( 37kW 以上 ); 点燃式船用发动机排放标准尚未制订船舶污染物排放标准 (GB ), 防治船舶排放的污染物对水域的污染而制订 Ocean-going vessels: In accordance with the international convention (MARPOL 73/78) Annex VI Regulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships. Inland and coastal ships: Small marine diesel engines: In accordance with the standards for emissions from nonroad machinery (below 37kW); The standards for emissions from marine diesel engines: in formulation (above 37kW); The standards for emissions from spark ignition marine engines: not yet formulated. Effluent Standard for Pollutants from Ship (GB ), targeting the prevention and treatment of pollution caused by emissions from ships. 6

远洋船舶大气污染物排放控制 Control of Air Pollutant Emissions from Ocean-going Vessels 国际海事组织 (IMO)MARPOL 73/78 公约 International Maritime Organization (IMO) MARPOL 73/78 Convention 附则 VI 防止船舶造成大气污染规则,2005 年 5 月

8 远洋船舶大气污染物排放控制 Control of Air Pollutant Emissions from Ocean-going Vessels 国际海事组织 (IMO)MARPOL 73/78 公约 International Maritime Organization (IMO) MARPOL 73/78 Convention 附则 VI 防止船舶造成大气污染规则,2005 年 5 月 19 日生效 ; 适用范围 : 国际航行的船舶, 海船远洋船等 ; 第 Ⅰ 阶段,2000 年 1 月 1 日或以后建造的船舶, 输出功率超过 130kW 的柴油机 ( 或重大改装的 ); NOx 第 Ⅰ 阶段排放限值 : AnnexVIRegulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships, effective as from May 19, 2005; Scope of application: international ships, sea-going vessels, ocean-going vessels, etc.; Phase I, Ships built on or after January 1, 2000; diesel engines with the power output higher than 130kW (or with major modification); NOx emission limits for Phase I: Rated engine speed 7

9 远洋船舶大气污染物排放控制 Control of Air Pollutant Emissions from Ocean-going Vessels 国际海事组织 (IMO)MARPOL 73/78 公约 International Maritime Organization (IMO) MARPOL 73/78 Convention NOX 第 Ⅱ 阶段和第 Ⅲ 阶段限值, 分别于 2011 年和 2016 年生效 : NOx emission limits for Phase II and Phase III come into effect as from 2011 and 2016 respectively: 发动机额定转速 Rated engine speed n(r/min) 第 Ⅱ 阶段 PhaseⅡ NO X (g/kwh) 第 Ⅲ 阶段 PhaseⅢ n< n<2,000 44*n *n -0.2 n 2,

船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 适用范围 : 内河船沿海船江海直达船和海峡 ( 渡 ) 船小型船用柴油机大气污染物排放标准 Scope of application: inland waterway ships, coastal ships, river-sea ships and

10 船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 适用范围 : 内河船沿海船江海直达船和海峡 ( 渡 ) 船小型船用柴油机大气污染物排放标准 Scope of application: inland waterway ships, coastal ships, river-sea ships and cross-channel ferries Standards for Air Pollutant Emissions from Small Marine Diesel Engines GB 非道路移动机械用柴油机排气污染物排放限值及测量方法 ( 中国 Ⅰ Ⅱ 阶段 ) ; 也适用于净功率 P 37kW 用于船舶驱动的柴油机 ; 2007 年 10 月 1 日第一阶段,2009 年 1 月 1 日第二阶段 ; 第三四阶段标准即将发布 GB Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery (China Phase Ⅰ, Ⅱ); Also applicable to diesel engines with the net power P 37kW and used for driving ships; October 1, 2007 Phase I, January 1, 2009 Phase II; Standards for Phase III and IV will be issued soon. Rated net power Phase Phase I Phase II 9

11 船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 船用柴油机大气污染物排放标准 Standards for Air Pollutant Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines 标准正在制订中, 控制思路 : 控制范围 : 内河船沿海船江海直达船和海峡 ( 渡 ) 船 ; 功率 37kW 的柴油发动机 ; 远洋船舶按照国际公约 (MARPOL 73/78) 相应阶段执行, 不适用于本标准污染物控制项目包括 :NOx PM CO HC SO 2 等 ; 常规污染物的控制需要改善燃烧, 或加装后处理装置, 类似于道路柴油车 ; Standards under preparation. Concept on control: Scope of control: Inland waterway ships, coastal ships, river-sea ships and cross-channel ferries; Diesel engines with the power 37kW; For ocean-going vessels, standards for the corresponding phases of the international convention (MARPOL 73/78) shall apply. These standards are not applicable. Pollution control projects Including: NOx, PM, CO, HC, SO 2, etc.; To control conventional pollutants, efforts need to be made in improving combustion or installing after-treatment devices, similar to diesel-engined vehicles; 10

12 船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 船用柴油机大气污染物排放标准 Standards for Air Pollutant Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines 排放限值综合借鉴 IMO 国际法规美欧排放法规 ; 控制水平, 相当于美国第 2 阶段 (2005 年开始 ) 和欧盟第 1 阶段 (2006 年开始 ) 测试循环等效使用 ISO 中规定的 C1 D2 E2 或 E3 测试循环 ; 与欧美等法规一致, 有利于船机认证的国际协调和统一 Emission limit values Using IMO and US and European laws and regulations on emissions for reference; Control level, equivalent to Phase II of the U.S. (as from 2005) and Phase I of the EU (as from 2006). Test cycle Equivalently usingthe test cycles ofc1, D2, E2 or E3provided for in ISO8178-4; Aligned with European and US laws regulations; facilitating the international coordination and harmonization of marine engine certification. 11

13 船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 船用柴油机大气污染物排放标准 Standards for Air Pollutant Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines 船舶使用燃料的要求限制内河船上使用低硫轻柴油 ; 不允许使用燃料油 ; 内河船沿海船江海直达船和海峡 ( 渡 ) 船上装用的船机, 应使用符合标准的柴油 ; GB 普通柴油 : 过渡期至 ,S 含量限值 350ppm 耐久性要求有效寿命期 :10,000 小时 ; 发动机在有效寿命期内, 排放应达标 Requirements for ship fuels Low-sulfur diesel oil for inland waterway ships are limited; Fuel oil is not allowed; Inland waterway ships, coastal ships, river-sea ships and cross-channel ferries shall use diesel oil meeting relevant standards; GB Regular Diesel Fuels: Period of transition to ; content limits 350ppm. Requirements for durability Useful life period: 10,000hrs; The emissions of engines within the useful life period shall meet relevant standards. 12

14 船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 船用柴油机大气污染物排放标准 Standards for Air Pollutant Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines SO 2 排放控制高硫燃料造成了船舶的 SO 2 高排放 ; 降低 SO 2 排放最有效方法就是使用低硫含量的燃油 ; 海水清洗 SO 2 除硫效果可达到 90% 以上, 但仅适用于沿海船舶, 对内河船应用困难, 因在淡水区域航行 ; 本标准未规定专门的 SO 2 排放限值 ; 通过降低燃油硫含量来实现 SO 2 减排 SO 2 emissions control High-sulfur fuels result in higher emissions of SO 2 from ships; The most effective method of lowering SO 2 emissions is using low-sulfur fuels; By seawater cleaning, more than 90% of SO 2 can be removed. However, this method applies only to coastal ships. It s difficult to be applied for inland waterway ships in freshwater areas; There isn t special SO 2 emission limit value in these standards; The content of sulfur in fuel oils is loweredto reduce SO 2 emissions. 13

船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 船用柴油机大气污染物排放标准 Standards for Air Pollutant Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines 单台发动机污染物减排幅度 Range of pollutant emission reduction of

15 船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 船用柴油机大气污染物排放标准 Standards for Air Pollutant Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines 单台发动机污染物减排幅度 Range of pollutant emission reduction of single engine 实施标准后新型达标船舶 3 年累计排放削减量为 :NOx,56 万吨 ;PM, 10 万吨 ;SO 2,40 万吨 After the implementation of the new standards, the total emission reduction in 3 years are as follows: NOx, 560,000 tons; PM, 100,000 tons; SO 2, 400,000 tons. 14

16 船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 船用柴油机大气污染物排放标准 Standards for Air Pollutant Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines 编制工作进展本年度重点推进的排放标准项目 ; 已基本完成征求意见稿 ; 尽快向全社会公开征求意见 Progress of preparation Key projects of emissions standards in this year; Exposure draft basically completed; Soliciting public comments and suggestions as soon as possible. 15

17 船用发动机排放标准进展 Progress of Standards for Marine Engine Emissions 对船用发动机大气污染物排放标准的实施和管理建议 Proposals on the implementation and management of the standards for air pollutant emissions from marine engines 船用发动机按照排放标准进行定型和环保核准 ; 与现有船舶管理体系相结合, 新船舶的准入条件中, 增加环保方面的强制性要求 ; 加强船用燃油的质量监督和管理 Stereotyping and verification and approval regarding environmental protection for marine engines shall be made in accordance with the emission standards; Based on the existing ship management system, mandatory requirements for environmental protection shall be included in the conditions in access of new ships; Efforts shall be made in strengthening quality supervision and management of fuel oils for ships. 16

18 谢谢大家! Thank you! 17

Chinese oil import policies and reforms 随着经济的发展, 目前中国石油消费总量已经跃居世界第二作为一个负责任的大国, 中国正在积极推进能源进口多元化, 鼓励替代

Chinese oil import policies and reforms SINOPEC EDRI 2014.8 Chinese oil import policies and reforms 随着经济的发展, 目前中国石油消费总量已经跃居世界第二作为一个负责任的大国, 中国正在积极推进能源进口多元化,