Challenges for shipowners using low sulphur fuels, October 2016

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Challenges for shipowners using low sulphur fuels, October 2016"

延莱
6 years ago
Views:

1 Challenges for shipowners using low sulphur fuels William H. Moore, Dr. Eng. Senior Vice President Shipowners Claims Bureau, Inc., Managers The American Club New York, NY

2 Low sulphur fuels: A summary International regulations Facts regarding USA/EU regulations Facts regarding PRC and Hong Kong regulations Technical concerns Prices & availability & Loss prevention measures

3 Challenges of emission requirements

4 Challenges of emission requirements (cont.)

5 Challenges of emission requirements (cont.)

6 Challenges of emission requirements (cont.)

7 Low sulphur fuels: International regulations MARPOL 73/78 Convention, Annex VI (Air pollution) Limits pollutants from ship exhaust gas SO x, NO x and Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) Designated Emission Control Areas (ECAs)

8 Low sulphur fuels: International regulations (cont.) MARPOL 73/78 Convention, global sulphur caps Reduced from current <3.5% to <0.5% on 1 January 2020 subject to feasibility review authority to delay implementation % 0.5% Limits on SO x and particulate matter in ECAs reduced to 0.1% from 1 January %

9 Low sulphur fuels: International regulations (cont.) 2010 Emission Control Area ( ECA ) limit reduced to <1% (from <1.5%) % 1.5% 2012 Global limit reduced to <3.5% (from <4.5%) % 4.5% 2015 ECA limit reduced to <0.1% %

10 Low sulphur fuels: International regulations (cont.) 2020 Global limit to <0.5% but a review in 2018, with authority to delay implementation, will determine whether this is achievable % 2025 Global limit to <0.5% notwithstanding the result of the 2018 review %

11 Low sulphur fuels: US regulations North American ECAs US, Canada, Gulf of Mexico, Hawaii and US Caribbean

12 Low sulphur fuels: EU regulations ECAs in Baltic Sea and North Sea Passenger ships operating on regular services to and from any EU ports required to use marine fuels of <1.5% in sea areas outside of ECAs 1.5%

13 Low sulphur fuels: Chinese regulations PRC Ministry of Transport s Ship & Port Pollution Prevention Special Action Plan: year program to reduce SO x and NO x emissions in Chinese ports No direct link between Chinese and MARPOL 73/78 requirements

14 Low sulphur fuels: Chinese regulations (cont.) All ships navigating, anchored and operating within ECAs excluding military, fishing boats and recreational vessels

15 Low sulphur fuels: Chinese regulations (cont.) ECA regions and designated ports Pearl River Delta Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Zhuhai - Yangtze River Delta Shanghai, Ningbo-Zhoushan and Nantong Bohai Rim Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Tangshan and Huanghua Switch to compliant fuel must be within one (1) hour of arriving at the berth and at least one (1) hour after departing berth 1 1

16 Low sulphur fuels: Chinese regulations (cont.) 1 January 2017 ships calling ECA ports must use fuel <0.5% sulphur content while berthed % 1 April 2016 ships calling ECA ports in Yangtze River Delta must use fuel <0.5% sulphur content while berthed (ahead of 1 January 2017 schedule)

17 Low sulphur fuels: Chinese regulations (cont.) 1 October 2016 ships calling at ECA designated port of Shenzhen must use fuel <0.5% sulphur content while berthed (ahead of 1 January 2017 schedule) % January 2019 ships operating within ECA regions must use fuel <0.5% sulphur content prior to and exit ECA

18 Low sulphur fuels: Chinese regulations (cont.) Authorities will accept alternative compliance methods of emissions reduction (e.g. use of shore power, scrubbers for exhaust gas cleaning and clean fuels such as LNG) Regulations apply to SO x and not NO x at this time Chinese government will review requirements in 2019 to determine if stricter requirements are necessary 2019

Low sulphur fuels: Hong Kong regulations Ocean going vessels >500 GT 500 Must burn fuel with <0.5% sulphur content while berthed in HK territorial waters 0.

19 Low sulphur fuels: Hong Kong regulations Ocean going vessels >500 GT 500 Must burn fuel with <0.5% sulphur content while berthed in HK territorial waters 0.5% Change overs between fuels must be within one (1) hour of berthing and no more than one (1) hour before departure 1 1 Exemptions as similar to PRC requirements

20 Low sulphur fuels: Technical concerns Modern ship machinery not designed for LSFOs Poor lubrication lead to potential damages to fuel injection equipment, seizing of fuel pump plungers, injection needles, etc. HFO combustion is relatively more acidic than that of LSFOs Requires use of lube oils to have a total base number (TBN) to maintain neutral combustion during operation Rates of supply of cylinder oils to engine may need adjustment

21 Low sulphur fuels: Technical concerns (cont.) Continuous operation with normal rates and high TBN cylinder oil can lead to ash build up on pistons causing scuffing of cylinder liners Thermal shock during switchover of fuels, temperature differences between fuels can lead to thermal shock and differential expansion of machinery components - Filter clogging can occur when distillate fuel and HFO are incompatible Loss of propulsion

22 Low sulphur fuels: Loss prevention measures PRC MSA has issued guidelines on implementation and supervision of ECAs: Notice of the MSA of the PRC on Strengthening the Supervision and Administration of ECAs for Vessels (HCJ [2016] No. 48) ( HCJ [2016] No. 48)

23 Low sulphur fuels: Loss prevention measures Methods of verification of compliance Ships using low sulphur fuels: checking of bunker delivery notes, fuel change over procedures, engine room log book records and fuel oil samples Ships using alternative compliance: checking of International Air Pollution Prevention (IAPP) certificates and records and engine room log books

24 Low sulphur fuels: Loss prevention measures (cont.) Ensure bunkering strategies and fuel change over procedures meet ECA compliance requirements including: Instructions on temperature management, fuel flow, etc. Fuel analysis to determine if fuel additives are needed to address compatibility concerns Check with engine builders Cylinder oil TBN must be considered, particularly if operating for prolonged periods in ECA Vessels need separate tank capacity for low LSFO and alternate cylinder oil

25 Low sulphur fuels: Loss prevention measures (cont.) Take and maintain detailed records of dates and times of the ship s arrival, departure, fuel change over operations and ensure available for inspection Obtain and maintain onboard the bunker delivery notes Take and maintain representative samples of low sulphur fuel oil delivered Recommended guidance material ABS Fuel Switching Advisory Notice ABS

26 Low sulphur fuels: Prices & availability & BW380 index BW0.1%S index Source: Bunkerworld

27 Low sulphur fuels: Prices & availability (cont.) & Low sulphur fuel oil (LSFO) is in relatively low supply Low sulphur distillates are widely available, but costly Oil majors expressing concerns in meeting global demand as compliance dates are reached, particularly the 2020 deadline for <0.5% sulphur content as per MARPOL 73/78 MARPOL 73/78 0.5%

Loss prevention is core to American Club s Mission http://american-club.

28 Loss prevention is core to American Club s Mission Best practices & guidance Education & training tools Safety comics & posters Questions? Contact us! William Moore: william.moore@american-club.com Danielle Centeno: danielle.centeno@american-club.com John Wilson: john.wilson@scbmcs.com

29 Thank you for the attention

LH_Series_Rev2014.pdf

LH_Series_Rev2014.pdf REMINDERS Product information in this catalog is as of October 2013. All of the contents specified herein are subject to change without notice due to technical improvements, etc. Therefore, please check