DiNDT-R02 认证准则（2015c）

Transcription

1 NANDTB-CN 认证专用资料 编号 :DiNDT-R02 版本 :Rev c 国防科技工业无损检测人员资格鉴定与认证委员会 Qualification and Certification Committee for NDT Personnel of Defense Indust 航空航天无损检测人员资格鉴定与认证 CERTIFICATION & QUALIFICATION OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST AEROSPACE PERSONNEL 考试专用版 Examination special edition 航空航天无损检测认证部 National Aerospace NDT Board of China I

2 目次 前言... III 1 范围 SCOPE 规范性引用文件 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 术语和定义 TERMS & DEFINITIONS 一般要求 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 资格鉴定与认证级别 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION LEVELS 培训和实践经历 TRAINING AND EXPERIENCE 考试 EXAMINATIONS 认证 CERTIFICATION 附录 A 无损检测 3 级人员更新认证信誉积分制 附录 B NANDTB-CN 信誉积分制应用细则 附录 C 波音公司供应商的附加认证要求 II

3 前言 Introduction 本文件内容等同于美宇航标准 NAS 410, Rev4, 和欧盟标准 EN 4179, Edition5.2014E This Revised Document is Equivalent in Technical Content to: NAS410,Rev4,2014 and EN4179, Edition5,2014. 本文件国家航空航天无损检测认证部 (NANDTB), 是指国防科技工业无损检测人员资格鉴定与认 证委员会设立的航空航天无损检测认证部 ( National Aero NDT Board-China, 英文缩写 :NANDTB-CN) 按照与 NAS410/EN4179 及 DiNDT-P15S01 的要求, 开展资格鉴定活动 This document addresses the use of a National Aerospace NDT Board (NANDTB). National Aerospace Nondestructive Testing Board of China (NANDTB-CN) established by DiNDT is used as specified and it is mandatory to compliance with requirements of the standard NAS410/EN4179 and DiNDT-P15S01 in personnel qualification acts. 国防科技工业无损检测人员资格鉴定与认证委员会秘书处 (DiNDT) 作为认证机构, 按照本文件要 求开展资格鉴定与认证工作, 航空航天无损检测认证部全体成员对本文件进行表决, 并对资格鉴定过程 的符合性进行监督 DiNDT as the qualification and certification body shall qualify and certify NDT personnel in accordance the requirements of with this document. NANDTB-CN shall vote for this document and maintain oversight to conformance of the DiNDT qualification 联系方式 : 官方网站 : 电子邮箱 :nandtb@126.com 联系电话 : 传真 : 版权声明 : 本文件归国防无损检测人员鉴认委 航空航天无损检测认证部所有, 仅限于本机构开展认证 相关的工作使用 未经书面许可任何单位及个人不得擅自使用 特此声明! III

4 第 4 页 / 共 43 页 航空航天无损检测人员资格鉴定与认证 Qualification and Certification of National Aerospace NDT personnel 1 范围 SCOPE 1.1 目的 本标准规定了从事航空航天产品无损检测 ( 包括 : 无损探伤 无损检查 无损检验和无损评价 ) 人员的资格鉴定与认证的最低要求 这些要求适用于从事航空航天制造 服务 维护和翻修的无损检 测人员 PURPOSE: This standard establishes the minimum requirements for the qualification and certification of personnel performing nondestructive testing (NDT), nondestructive inspection (NDI), or nondestructive evaluation (NDE) in the aerospace manufacturing, service, maintenance and overhaul industries. For the purposes of this standard, the term NDT will be used and will be considered equivalent to NDI and NDE. 注 : 在欧洲, 术语 批准 是用来表示由雇主以书面形式声明某个人达到要求并获得操作授权 当地方或法律要求 有规定时, 在本标准中要求按照 EN ISO/IEC 认证 3.1 中定义的术语 认证 一词在整个标准中作为 批准 替代使用 除非另有书面规定, 按照本标准进行的认证, 将包括操作授权 In Europe, the term approval is used to denote a written statement by an employer that an individual has met specific requirements and has operating approval. Certification per EN ISO/CEI is required by this standard when specified by local or regulatory requirements. The term certification as defined in 3.1 is used throughout this standard as a substitute for the term approval. Except when otherwise specified in the written practice, certification in accordance with this standard includes operating approval. 1.2 适用性 本标准适用于使用无损检测方法检测和 / 或验收材料 产品 零部件 组件和分组件的人员, 也 适用于对所有 NDT 方法的技术充分性直接负责的人员, 这些人员包括批准无损检测工艺规程及工艺 卡的人员, 审核无损检测机构的人员, 或提供无损检测技术支持或培训的人员 APPLICABILITY: This standard applies to personnel using NDT methods to test and/or accept materials, products, components, assemblies or sub-assemblies. This standard also applies to personnel directly responsible for the technical adequacy of the NDT methods used, who approve NDT procedures and/or work instructions, who audit NDT facilities, or who provide technical NDT support or training. 本标准不适用于仅对无损检测人员进行监督和管理的人员, 也不适用于无损检测技术研究开发人 员, 即使此技术在后续实施时需要得到 3 级人员批准 凡使用直读式仪器进行特定检验的人员, 经该 方法 3 级人员批准后不需要按本标准的要求进行资格鉴定与认证 This standard does not apply to individuals who only have administrative or supervisory authority over NDT personnel or to research personnel developing NDT technology for subsequent implementation and approval by a certified Level 3. Personnel performing specialized inspections using certain direct readout instruments as determined by a Level 3 certified in the method, do not require qualification or certification to this standard 实施 本标准规定了认证部的使用 认证部只是作为规定而不是强制性要求来满足本标准 按照之前版 次 NAS410 或 EN4179 要求认证的人员, 不需要按本标准的要求进行更新认证, 直到其所持有的证书到 期 IMPLEMENTATION: This standard addresses the use of a National Aerospace NDT Board(NANDTB). NANTDBs are only used as specified herein and it is not mandatory to have such a board for compliance with this document. Personnel certified to previous revisions of NAS410 or EN 4179 need not recertify to the requirements of this standard until their current certification expires.

5 第 5 页 / 共 43 页 1.3 常用方法 本标准包括如下常用无损检测方法的详细要求 : COMMON METHODS: This standard contains detailed requirements for the following common NDT methods: 渗透检测 Liquid Penetrant (PT) 其它方法 磁粉检测 红外热像检测 错位散斑检测 涡流检测 超声检测 射线检测 Magnetic Particle (MT) Thermography (IRT) Shearography (ST) Eddy Current (ET) Ultrasonic (UT) Radiography (RT) 当工程或质量部门 认可的工程组织或主承包商提出要求时, 本标准可适用于其它流行和新兴的 无损检测方法, 来验收和判定使用材料 零件 部件 分组件或组件适用性, 且此方法对零件的预期 功能没有损害 这些方法包括但不限于声发射 中子照相检测 泄漏检测和全息照相检测 对从事其 它方法的人员的培训 实践经历和考试的要求应按照 6.4 条的要求来确定, 并且雇主应将此类要求形 成文件 OTHER METHODS: When invoked by engineering, quality, cognizant engineering organization or prime contractor requirements, this standard applies to other current and emerging NDT methods used to determine the acceptability or suitability for intended service of a material, part, component, sub-assembly or assembly. Such methods may include, but are not limited to, acoustic emission, neutron radiography, leak testing and holography. The requirements for personnel training, experience, and examination for these other methods shall be established in accordance with paragraph 6.4 and shall be documented by the employer. 2 规范性引用文件 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 2.1 本标准引用了下述文件 : STANDARDS: The following documents are referenced in this standard: EN 4179 航空航天系列无损检测人员资格鉴定与批准 ISO NAS 410 EN ISO/CEI ISO 9712 无损检测 - 无损检测人员视力评定 无损检测人员资格鉴定与认证 合格评定 - 人员认证机构总则 无损检测 - 人员资格鉴定与认证 2.2 优先次序 : 如果本文件和在此引用的参考标准发生冲突时, 以本文件的要求为主 本文件的内 容不能替代适用的法律和法规, 除非已获得特别的豁免 ORDER OF PRECEDENCE: In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the requirements of this document take precedence. Nothing in this document supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 3 术语和定义 TERMS & DEFINITIONS 下列术语和定义适用于本标准 DEFINITIONS AS APPLIED TO THIS STANDARD

6 第 6 页 / 共 43 页 3.1 认证 CERTIFICATION 雇主向符合本标准相关规定的人员颁发的书面凭证 CERTIFICATION: A written statement by an employer that an individual has met the applicable requirements of this standard 3.2 闭卷考试 CLOSED BOOK EXAMINATION 考试过程中不允许使用任何参考资料的考试 CLOSED BOOK EXAMINATION: An examination administered without access to any reference materials. 3.3 认可的工程组织 COGNIZANT ENGINEERING ORGANIZATION 主承包商 制造商或最终用户授权其工程或无损检测组织, 对有关无损检测做出决定, 并给出无 损检测相关批准 COGNIZANT ENGINEERING ORGANIZATION: The engineering or NDT organization of the prime contractor, OME (Original Equipment Manufacturer),or end user authorized to make NDT-related decisions and give NDT-related approvals. 3.4 直接观察 DIRECT OBSERVATION 观察者在适当的距离内 无需借助任何辅助手段, 可以不被干扰的在现场观察学员并进行语言等 交流, 能够对学员提供直接的指导和辅助 DIRECT OBSERVATION: Direct observation is when the observer is able to come to the immediate aid of the trainee and remains within a distance that permits uninterrupted, unaided visual and verbal contact with the trainee. 3.5 直读式仪器 DIRECT READOUT INSTRUMENT 以尺寸或电荷为单位 ( 如英寸 毫米或国际退火 ( 软 ) 铜标准 ), 通过数字读数或以模拟显示器 显示测量值的仪器, 如标尺 / 指针结构 不需要特殊技能或知识就可以对此类仪器进行设定, 并且不 涉及如阈值 延迟 增益或相位等信号显示的调节就可获得测量值 例如, 通用的直读仪器包括不带 示波器显示的超声测厚仪和涡流涂层测厚仪 DIRECT READOUT INSTRUMENT: Instruments that physically display measurements in dimensional or electrical units (e.g. inches, millimeters or %IACS) either as digital readout or an analog display, such as a scale/pointer configuration and do not require special skills or knowledge to set up the instrument and do not involve adjusting signal displays such as gates, delays, gain, or phase to obtain measurements. For example, common direct readout instruments include basic ultrasonic thickness gauges without an oscilloscope display, and eddy current coating thickness gauges. 3.6 文档 DOCUMENTED 以书面形式或电子形式的记录

7 第 7 页 / 共 43 页 DOCUMENTED: The condition of being recorded in written or electronic form. 3.7 雇主 EMPLOYER 雇用或合同形式聘用一个或多个无损检测人员的组织 个体经营者也包括在本定义内 EMPLOYER: An organization employing or contracting the services of one or more individuals who perform NDT. Self-employed individuals are included in this definition. 3.8 评定 EVALUATION 在无损检测过程中对出现的显示进行评判解释并观察确定是否满足规定的验收标准或确定其严 重程度 EVALUATION: A review following interpretation of the indications noted during an NDT inspection to determine whether the indications meet specified acceptance criteria or to determine the significance of the indication. 3.9 考试 EXAMINATION 按照程序要求进行的正式的 受控的 且有书面证明的测试, 用于验证报考人的视力 无损检测 技能或知识 EXAMINATION: Formal, controlled, documented testing conducted in accordance with a documented written practice to verify a candidate s visual capability, skill or knowledge of an NDT method 主考人 EXAMINER 按照本标准认证并由责任 3 级授权的 3 级人员, 在其认证的无损检测方法范围内, 负责管理全部或 部分资格鉴定过程 EXAMINER: A Level 3 certified to this standard and designated by the Responsible Level 3 to administer all or part of the qualification process in the NDT method(s) in which the Examiner is certified 3.11 实践经历 EXPERIENCE 在工作中通过实践操作与观察获得无损检测方法知识和技能的经历, 不包括正式课堂培训, 但可 以包括雇主书面管理程序中规定的实验室工作 在岗培训 EXPERIENCE: Actual performance of an NDT method conducted in the work environment resulting in the acquisition of knowledge and skill. This does not include formal classroom training, but may include laboratory and on-the-job training as defined by the employer s written practice 正式教育 FORMAL EDUCATION 在技校 学院或大学的理工科学习 FORMAL EDUCATION: Engineering or science studies at a technical school, college, or university.

8 第 8 页 / 共 43 页 正式培训 FORMAL TRAINING 一个有组织和书面管理程序指导的学习活动, 目的是传授按本标准鉴定所必要的知识和技能 经 责任 3 级或主考人的批准, 正式培训可以采取课堂授课 实际操作和自学相结合的形式 FORMAL TRAINING: An organized and documented program of learning activities designed to impart the knowledge and skills necessary to be qualified to this standard. Formal training may be a mix of classroom, practical and programmed self-instruction as approved by the Responsible Level 3 or Examiner 基础考试 ( 基础考试 ) GENERAL EXAMINATION 针对一种无损检测方法的基本原理和理论而进行的书面考试 GENERAL EXAMINATION: A written examination addressing the basic principles and theory of an NDT method. 显示 INDICATION 无损检测获得的响应或显现, 并需对其进行解释 INDICATION: The response or evidence of a condition resulting from an NDT inspection that requires interpretation. 教师 INSTRUCTOR 由责任 3 级人员或认证部指定或批准的对无损检测人员进行培训的人员 INSTRUCTOR: An individual designated or approved by the Responsible Level 3 or Examiner to provide training for NDT personnel. 解释 INTERPRETATION 确定显示是相关显示还是非相关显示 INTERPRETATION: The determination of whether indications are relevant or non-relevant. 方法 METHOD 一种存在不同技术的 NDT 学科 ( 如超声检测, 射线检验 ) METHOD: One of the disciplines of nondestructive testing (e.g. ultrasonic, radiography, etc) within which different techniques may exist. 国家航空航天无损检测认证部 ( 简称 认证部 ) NATIONAL AEROSPACE NDT BOARD (NANDTB) 是一个能够代表国家航空航天工业的独立航空航天组织, 由主承包商特许并且获得国家监管部门 承认, 按照 要求提供或支持 NDT 资格鉴定与考试服务 NATIONAL AEROSPACE NDT BOARD (NANDTB): An independent aerospace organization representing a nation's aerospace industry that is chartered by the participating prime contractors and recognized by the nation s regulatory agencies to provide or support NDT qualification, examination services in accordance with of this standard.

9 第 9 页 / 共 43 页 非胶片射线检测 NON-FILM RADIOGRAPHY 射线图像不用胶片作为记录介质 非胶片射线包括但不限于 CR DR 实时成像和 CT NON-FILM RADIOGRAPHY: Radiographic imaging that does not use a film based recording medium. NON-Film radiography includes, but may not be limited to, Computed Radiography, Digital Radiography, Radioscopy, and Computed Tomography. 在岗培训 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING 在工作环境中获得适当的技术指导下, 学习仪器设定 设备操作 工艺应用, 显示识别 解释和 评定等而进行的培训, 以获得实践经历 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING: Training in the work environment to gain experience in learning instrument set-up, equipment operation, applying the process, and recognition, interpretation and evaluation of indications under appropriate technical guidance 开卷考试 OPEN BOOK EXAMINATION 在考试中可以翻看提供的指定参考资料的一种考试 OPEN BOOK EXAMINATION: An examination administered with access to specific reference material that is provided with or referenced in the examination 操作授权 OPERATING APPROVAL 由雇主根据认证范围签发的 授权个人完成指定任务的书面证明 此类授权一定是在雇主对操作 人员进行了工作或指定任务培训的前提下进行 OPERATING APPROVAL: Written statement issued by the employer, based upon the scope of certification, authorizing the individual to carry out defined tasks. Such authorization can be dependent on the employer having provided job or task-specific training 外部机构 OUTSIDE AGENCY 独立于雇主之外的, 能够按照本标准要求提供无损检测的服务, 比如 : 培训和考核无损检测人员 的公司或机构 顾问和个体经营者也属于这一范畴 OUTSIDE AGENCY: An independent company or organization outside the employer who provides NDT services to implement the requirements of this standard, such as training and examination of NDT personnel. Consultants and self-employed individuals are included in this definition 实操考试 PRACTICAL EXAMINATION 考查个人执行雇主所要求使用的无损检测方法的能力的考试 考试过程中应使用评分表, 现场提 问和回答无需书面记录, 观察情况及结果应予以记录 PRACTICAL EXAMINATION: An examination to demonstrate an individual's ability to conduct an NDT method as used by the employer. Questions and answers need not be written, but a checklist must be used and observations and results must be documented.

10 第 10 页 / 共 43 页 主承包商 PRIME CONTRACTOR 对系统 零部件和产品的设计 控制和交付负全部责任的组织 PRIME CONTRACTOR: An organization having overall responsibility for design, control and delivery of a system, component or product. 工艺规程 ( 程序 ) PROCEDURE 如何去执行某一特定工艺的书面通用说明 此程序是用于编制工艺卡 ( 见 3.34 定义 ) PROCEDURE: A written general how to instruction for conducting a given process. Procedures are then used to develop work instructions, as defined in 资格鉴定 QUALIFICATION 考核报考人是否具备与其所报考级别相应的技能 培训 知识 考试 实践经历和视力的能力 QUALIFICATION: The skills, training, knowledge, examinations, experience and visual capability required for personnel to properly perform to a particular level. 责任 3 级 RESPONSIBLE LEVEL 3 由雇主指定并授权的 3 级人员, 并代表雇主确保本标准的要求得到满足 RESPONSIBLE LEVEL 3: A Level 3 designated by the employer with the responsibility and authority to ensure that the requirements of this standard are met and to act on behalf of the employer. 专业考试 SPECIFIC EXAMINATION 考查个人对雇主使用的无损检测方法的工艺规程 法规 标准 产品生产工艺 检测技术 设备 和规范的理解能力的书面考试 SPECIFIC EXAMINATION: A written examination to determine an individual's understanding of operating procedures, codes, standards, product technology, test techniques, equipment and specifications for an NDT method as used by the employer 分包商 SUB-CONTRACTOR 对主承包商负责, 进行航空航天产品制造或维修的组织机构 就本标准目的而言, 它包括供应商 和工序提供商 SUB-CONTRACTOR: An organization responsible to the prime contractor for the manufacture or maintenance of aerospace products. For the purposes of this standard, this includes suppliers and processors 技术 TECHNIQUE 一种检测方法中的一个类别 ; 例如 : 超声检测水浸法或超声检测接触法

11 第 11 页 / 共 43 页 TECHNIQUE: A category within a method; for example, ultrasonic immersion testing or ultrasonic contact testing 考试试件 TEST SAMPLE 在实操考试中, 为了考查报考人对某种无损检测方法的掌握情况而使用的含有一种或多种已知的 有文件记录的自然或人工不连续或缺陷的影像或零件 试件可以是实际零件, 制造的试验零件或者实 际零件的图像, 例如 : 射线照相底片 TEST SAMPLE: A part or image containing one or more known and documented natural or artificial discontinuities, flaws or conditions used in the practical examination to demonstrate the candidate' s proficiency in an NDT method. Test samples can refer to actual hardware, fabricated test parts, or, when applicable, images of actual hardware such as radiographs 工艺卡 WORK INSTRUCTION 指详细描述某具体部件, 一类零件 ( 例如 : 铝型材 钢支架 ) 或组件的无损检测技术和检 测参数的文件 在行业内有时也称为 技术卡 或 数据卡 此类工艺卡以 3.27 定义的工艺规程为 基础 WORK INSTRUCTION: A document detailing the NDT technique and testing parameters to be used for the inspection of a specific component, group of parts (e.g. aluminum extrusions or steel brackets ),or assembly. These are sometimes referred to in the industry as technique sheets or data cards. Such work instructions are based on procedures defined in 书面 WRITTEN 可追溯性的电子或硬拷贝文档 WRITTEN: Retrievable electronic or hard copy. 书面管理程序 WRITTEN PRACTICE 描述雇主控制和管理无损检测人员的资格鉴定和认证要求和方法的程序 WRITTEN PRACTICE: A procedure that describes an employer s requirements and methodology for controlling and administering the NDT personnel qualification and certification process. 4 一般要求 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 4.1 书面管理程序雇主应制定和维护符合本标准要求的无损检测人员资格鉴定和认证的书面管理程序 此程序应详细叙述雇主执行无损检测资格鉴定和认证时所必需的程序, 还应包括, 直接或间接的无损检测资格鉴定和认证程序的详细内容, 主要包括 : 雇主所使用的资格鉴定和认证级别 人员的职责和义务 培训和实践经历要求 认证和更新认证要求

12 第 12 页 / 共 43 页 记录和记录保存要求 证书过期 中止 吊销和证书恢复的要求 年度资格维护程序 书面管理程序应由责任 3 级批准 当雇主的客户和管理机构进行审查时, 应可提供该程序和采用 的认证部的程序 WRITTEN PRACTICE: The employer shall develop and maintain a written practice for the qualification and certification of NDT personnel that meets the requirements of this standard. The written practice shall address the procedural details necessary for the employer to implement an NDT qualification and certification program and shall include, either directly or by reference, the details of the NDT qualification and certification process, including: - the levels of qualification and certification used by the employer - personnel duties and responsibilities - training and experience requirements - certification and recertification requirements - records and record keeping requirements - requirements for expiration, suspension, revocation and reinstatement of certifications - Process for annual maintenance The written practice shall be approved by the Responsible Level 3. The written practice and applicable NANDTB procedures shall be available for review by the employer s customer(s) and regulatory agencies 附加要求 书面管理程序应包括雇主或认可的工程组织提出的所有附加要求, 如附加认证级别或增加的实践 经历要求 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS: The written practice shall include any additional requirements levied by the employer or cognizant engineering organization, such as additional certification levels or increased experience requirements 无损检测技术 书面管理程序应包括每种检测方法中的具体检测技术, 还应包括对已认证的个人增加特定的检测 技术时所采取的行动, 涉及附加培训 实践经历以及书面考试和实操考试等 NDT TECHNIQUES: The written practice shall include the specific technique(s) within each method and the actions to be taken concerning additional training and experience, as well as the written and practical testing, when additional techniques are introduced for a currently certified individual 培训大纲 书面管理程序应参考或包括雇主所使用的无损检测培训大纲 如果是由外部机构来提供培训时, 责任 3 级人员应核查此培训满足雇主的要求 TRAINING OUTLINES: The written practice shall reference or include the NDT training outlines used by the employer. If an outside agency is used to provide training, the Responsible Level 3 shall verify that the training meets the employer's requirements 考试程序 书面管理程序应包括负责管理考试的个人的姓名或机构的名称 试题数量和所使用的具体视力检 查方法 如需要, 更新认证的基础考试的使用也应在书面管理程序中规定 EXAMINATION PRACTICES: The written practice shall include the designation of the individual(s)or organization(s) responsible for administering examinations, the number of examination questions to be administered, and the specific visual acuity examination method to be used. If required, the use of a general examination for recertification shall be documented in the written practice.

13 第 13 页 / 共 43 页 管理 书面管理程序应当包括负责管理和维护全部或部分雇主认证项目的个人或机构的识别信息 ADMINISTRATION: The written practice shall include the identification of the individual(s) or organization(s) responsible for administering and maintaining all or part of the employer's certification program 记录 书面管理程序应包括负责管理和保存所有或部分雇主认证记录的个人或机构的识别信息以及存 放地点等 RECORDS: The written practice shall include the designation of the individual(s) or organization(s) responsible for maintaining the qualification and certification records and where such records shall be kept. 4.2 方法 对于 1.3 节中列出的常用方法, 关于培训 经历和考试的最低要求见本标准第 6 章和 7 章 这些 要求应作为对 节中规定的其它现有方法或新方法的指南 METHODS: For the common methods listed in 1.3, the minimum requirements for training, experience and examination are detailed in Sections 6 and 7 of this standard. These requirements shall serve as a guideline for other current or emerging methods as defined in 有限 1 级 当有认可的工程组织和雇主的书面管理程序授权时, 有限 1 级的人员可以对某个特定零件 部件 或组件进行无损检测 每一项有限 1 级人员的使用都应单独认证, 并得到认可的工程组织批准 在任 何指定的时间, 一个人不应同时拥有 3 项以上有限 1 级证书 下列内容应形成文件, 以供雇主的客户 和管理机构在进行审查时使用 : 逐项说明使用有限 1 级人员的理由 ; 认可的工程组织的批准 ; 培训和实践经历时间和试题数量 ; 将要进行的具体的无损检测试验 ; 待检测的具体零部件 ; 当适用时, 接受 / 拒收零件的授权 LEVEL 1-LIMITED: When authorized by the cognizant engineering organization and the employer s written practice, the performance of a specific NDT test on a specified part, feature, or assembly may be performed by personnel certified to Level 1-Limited. Each use of Level 1-Limited is a separate certification and shall be approved by the cognizant engineering organization. An individual shall not possess more than three Level 1-Limited certifications at any given time. The following shall be documented and be made available for review by the employer s customers and regulatory agencies: - the case-by-case justification for using Level 1-Limited - the cognizant engineering organization approval - the training and experience hours and the number of examination questions - the specific NDT test to be performed - the specific hardware to be tested - the authority to accept or reject hardware, if applicable 4.4 职责 雇主的职责是负责履行和遵守本标准并对人员资格进行认证 此外, 主承包商应负责其分包商遵 守本标准 使用外部机构的雇主应负责确保符合本标准的适用要求 雇主仅负责其员工进行认证, 不 能替代其他雇主进行认证 个人不能自我鉴定 如果个体经营者具备书面管理程序且已被其他按照本

14 第 14 页 / 共 43 页 标准认证的 3 级人员鉴定为符合本标准的要求, 则其可以进行自我认证 RESPONSIBILITY: The employer is responsible for the implementation of, and compliance with, this standard and for certifying qualified personnel. In addition, the prime contractor shall be responsible for compliance to this standard by their sub-contractors. Employers using outside agencies shall be responsible for assuring that the appropriate requirements of this standard are met. The employer is solely responsible for the certification of its employees and cannot certify for another employer. Individuals cannot qualify themselves. Self-employed individuals may certify themselves provided they have a written practice and have been qualified to the requirements of this standard by another individual certified to Level 3 in accordance with this standard 责任 3 级 雇主应以书面形式指定一名 责任 3 级 人员, 代表其实施无损检测资格鉴定和认证过程的相关事 宜 责任 3 级人员应根据本标准的要求被认证为一种或多种无损检测方法的 3 级人员, 并且应全面了 解雇主所使用的工艺规程 法规 规范和标准 同时还应熟知雇主所使用的材料 零部件 产品技术 无损检测方法及无损检测技术 责任 3 级应以书面形式进行确定和任命本标准定义的其他主考人, 以 覆盖雇主所使用的所有检测方法 责任 3 级人员可以来自外部机构, 但是在这种情况下, 仅能对人员 进行资格鉴定, 认证由雇主负责 责任 3 级人员负责执行本标准, 并全面负责人员资格鉴定和认证的 流程 RESPONSIBLE LEVEL 3: The employer shall identify in writing a Responsible Level 3 to act on its behalf in matters regarding the NDT qualification and certification process. The Responsible Level 3 shall be certified in accordance with this standard as a Level 3 in one or more NDT methods and shall have a thorough knowledge of the written instructions, codes, specifications and standards used by the employer. He/she shall also have a thorough knowledge of the materials, components, product technologies, NDT methods and NDT techniques used by the employer. Additional Examiners as defined in this standard may be identified and delegated in writing as necessary to provide coverage for all methods used by the employer. The Responsible Level 3 may be an outside agency but in this case he/she can only qualify personnel, as only the employer can certify personnel. The Responsible Level 3 shall be responsible for implementation of this standard and the overall administration of the qualification and certification program 认证部 (NANDTB) 认证部应有章程和理委员会, 并按照管理规定和工作程序进行运作, 管理委员会的投票成员应该 是 3 级人员, 并来自主承包商代表或型号适航证持有者 其他成员为有投票权或无投票权的的增选代 表但支持认证部工作的人员, 民航或国防主管部门有权作为观察员 责任 3 级可委托认证部进行 : 编写培训大纲和培训教材 ; 建立考试题库和管理考试 ; 批准提供培训和考试服务的内外部机构 ; 规定新的无损检测方法人员资格鉴定要求 ; 保留笔试和实操考试记录 ; 在为外部或内部组织提供培训和考试服务时指定主考人及教师 当使用认证部时, 应制定满足本标准要求的程序文件 认证部提供开发的活动 过程 程序 技 术类别等应可提供给主承包商或外部机构审查 对于没有建立认证部的国家, 可以使用其它国家的认 证部所提供的服务, 但并不要求这样做, 除非当地的管理条例有相应的要求 NATIONAL AEROSPACE NDT BOARD (NANDTB): The organization has a constitution, a deciding entity, and governed according to administrative and working procedures. The voting members in the deciding entity are NDT Level 3 personnel and are from participating prime contractors or type certificate holders as a minimum. Other members may be co-opted as voting or non-voting members as necessary to support the NANDTB. Regulatory agencies for civilian and/or defense have the right to be included as observer members. The Responsible Level 3 may use an NANDTB to: - Develop training course outlines and training material

15 第 15 页 / 共 43 页 - Create examination questions and administer examinations - Approve outside and/or internal organizations providing training and/or examination services - Define requirements for qualification of NDT personnel in emerging NDT methods - Retain written and practical examinations Designate Examiners and/or instructors at outside or internal organizations providing training and examination services Where an NANDTB is used to provide such services, it shall develop processes and procedures that shall ensure full compliance with the requirements of this standard. The activities, processes, procedures, technique catalogs, etc. undertaken/developed by an NANDTB shall be made available for review by prime contractors and regulatory agencies. For countries where no NANDTB exists, the services of other NANDTB s may be used, but are not required to do so, unless specified by local or regulatory requirements 外部机构 雇主可以使用来自外部 ( 按照本标准要求认证 ) 的 3 级人员作为责任 3 级, 制定其认证程序 ; 对 无损检测人员开展资格鉴定或履行 3 级人员职责 外部机构可以进行资格鉴定, 但不能进行人员认证 雇主应对其选定的外部机构的适当性进行书面记录, 以确定该机构所履行的职责是符合本标准的要求 该文件应充分列明详细信息, 以证实外部机构有能力履行所规定的 3 级人员职责 OUTSIDE AGENCY: An employer may use a Level 3 certified in accordance with this standard from an outside agency to develop a certification program, act as the Responsible Level 3, examine NDT personnel or perform any other qualification or Level 3 function. An outside agency may qualify, but not certify personnel. The employer shall document the suitability of any outside agency selected to perform any function in meeting the requirements of this standard. This documentation shall be of sufficient detail to justify the outside agency s ability to perform the required Level 3 function(s). 5 资格鉴定与认证级别 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION LEVELS 5.1 鉴定和认证的级别 四个基本的认证级别包括 : 有限 1 级 1 级 2 级和 3 级 雇主可以适当地对级别进行细分 增 加和限制, 但不得删减或降低每个级别的最低要求 如果雇主不使用所有级别, 则所使用的级别应体 现在雇主的书面管理程序文件中 若实施了其它变动或细分时, 其要求和责任也应在雇主的书面管理 程序中予以详述 如果无损检测人员未被认证为相应技术 / 方法的相应级别时, 则不得独立履行 和 中列出的职能 LEVELS OF QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION: The four basic levels of certification are Level 1-Limited, Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3. The employer may subdivide, add or limit levels as appropriate, but cannot eliminate or reduce the minimum requirements for each level. If the employer does not wish to use all of the levels, those levels to be used shall be documented in the employer s written practice. Where other variations or subdivisions are implemented, the requirements and responsibilities shall also be detailed in the employer s written practice. NDT personnel shall not independently perform the functions listed in 5.1.2, 5.1.3, and if not certified to the appropriate level in the applicable technique/method 学员 是指有文件证明参加某种无损检测方法的培训课程, 并在将获得被认证为 1 级 有限 1 级或直接 认证到 2 级资格过程中的个人 在学员准备进行认证的技术 / 方法领域, 学员应 : 有文件证明其为学员, 并在规定的时间内, 积极参加特定无损检测方法的培训课程 在同一方法的 2 级或 3 级人员的直接观察下获得实践经验 只有经责任 3 级人员批准后, 才可以在 1 级人员或教师的直接观察下获得经验 不能做出验收或拒收的决定

16 第 16 页 / 共 43 页 不能独立进行检验 不能独立履行任何其它无损检测职责 TRAINEE: An individual who is documented as participating in a training program for an NDT method and is in the process of becoming qualified for certification to Level 1, Level 1-Limited or directly to Level 2 shall be considered a trainee. In the technique/method in which they are preparing for certification, trainees shall: - Be documented as a trainee and be actively participating in a training program for a stated NDT method for a limited and specified period of time. - Obtain experience under the direct observation of a Level 2 or Level 3 in the same method. - Obtain experience under the direct observation of a Level 1 or instructor only when approved by the Responsible Level 3. - Not make accept or reject decisions. - Not independently conduct tests. - Not independently perform any other NDT function 有限 1 级 有限 1 级是只允许对指定零件 特定零件或组件进行特定的无损检测方法的认证 对于经过此认 证的检测技术和方法, 有限 1 级人员应 : 能够遵守工艺卡 必要时, 接受同方法 2 级或 3 级人员的指导或监督 具备按照批准的工艺卡处理零件, 记录检测结果与设备标定的技能和知识 具备按照批准的工艺卡, 在检验前或后对零件进行必要准备的技能和知识 当书面管理程序中有规定, 和经过认可的工程组织的允许时, 拥有评定检测结果和按照经批 准的工艺卡对责任 3 级人员在书面管理程序中限定范围的特定零件 部件或组件进行验收或 拒收的技能和知识 LEVEL 1-LIMITED: Level 1-Limited is a limited certification allowing only the performance of a specific NDT test on a specified part, part feature, or assembly. In the test technique and method in which certified, Level 1-Limited personnel shall: - be able to follow work instructions. - receive guidance or supervision from a certified level 2 or level 3 in the method when necessary. - have the skills and knowledge to process parts, document results and perform equipment standardization in accordance with approved work instructions. - have the skills and knowledge to carry out any necessary preparation of parts before or after inspection in accordance with approved work instructions. - when specified in the written practice and when the cognizant engineering organization allows,have the skills and knowledge to evaluate test results and perform acceptance or rejection of a specific part, part feature, or assembly in accordance with approved work instructions, and within the limitations documented by the Responsible Level 级 对已认证的检测方法,1 级人员应 : 能够遵守工艺卡 ; 具备按照批准的工艺卡处理零件 记录检测结果与校验设备的技能和知识 ; 具备按照批准的工艺卡在检验前后对零件进行必要准备的技能和知识 ; 具备按照适用的工艺标准进行系统性能检查的技能和知识 ; 必要时, 接受相同方法 2 级或 3 级人员的指导或监督 ; 当书面管理程序中有规定, 并且经过责任 3 级人员的批准后, 可以按照经批准的工艺卡, 对 特定零件 特制零件或组件进行解释及评定, 并判定其验收或拒收 LEVEL 1: In the method in which certified, Level 1 individuals shall: - be able to follow work instructions

17 第 17 页 / 共 43 页 - have the skills and knowledge to process parts, document results and perform equipment standardization in accordance with approved work instructions. - have the skills and knowledge to carry out any necessary preparation of parts before or after inspection in accordance with approved work instructions. - have the skills and knowledge to conduct system performance checks in accordance with the applicable process standard. - receive guidance or supervision from a certified Level 2 or Level 3 in that method when necessary. - when specified in the written practice and approved by the Responsible Level 3, may perform interpretations and evaluations of specific product(s) or product form(s) for acceptance or rejection in accordance with approved work instructions 级 对已认证的检测方法,2 级人员应 : 具备设定和校验设备 处理零件 解释 评定 验收或拒收和记录检测结果的技能和知识 ; 熟悉检测技术 / 方法的适用范围和局限性 ; 具备按照适用的工艺标准进行系统性能检查的技能和知识 ; 能够对学员和 1 级人员提供所需的指导及监督 ; 熟悉雇主用于控制无损检测工艺的法规 标准和其它合同文件 ; 当书面管理程序中有规定时, 能够根据经批准的通用程序编制工艺卡, 此类工艺卡应要求经 该方法的 3 级人员的最后批准 ; 具备产品制造和检验技术相关的基础知识 ; 当书面管理程序中有规定时, 具备飞机或飞行器维护的基础知识 LEVEL 2: In the method in which certified, Level 2 individuals shall: - have the skills and knowledge to set up and standardize equipment, process parts, interpret and evaluate for acceptance or rejection, and document results. - be thoroughly familiar with the scope and limitations of the technique/method. - have the skills and knowledge to conduct system performance checks in accordance with the applicable process standard. - be capable of providing the necessary guidance and/or supervision to trainees and Level 1 personnel. - be familiar with the codes, standards, and other contractual documents that control the method as used by the employer. - when specified in the written practice, be capable of developing work instructions from approved general procedures. Such work instructions shall require final approval by a Level 3certified in the method. - have a basic knowledge of relevant product manufacturing and inspection technology. - when specified in the written practice, have a basic knowledge of aircraft or vehicle maintenance 级 对已认证的检测方法,3 级人员应 : 具有解释 控制无损检测方法的法规 标准和其他合同文件的技能和知识 具备对无损检测机构和人员承担技术责任的能力 对某一项具体检测具备选择方法和技术的能力 具备编制和校核程序及工艺卡适用性的能力 批准无损检测程序和工艺卡, 以确定技术的适合性 具备雇主所采用的其它无损检测方法和产品制造技术及检测技术的一般知识 当书面管理程序中有规定, 则应具备飞机或飞行器维护的基础知识 能够实施或指导培训, 并对该方法检测人员进行鉴定和认证 只有在实操考试中其熟练能力得到证明时, 才能指导零件无损检测的验收并记录结果 当书面管理程序中有规定时, 能够审核外部机构以确保符合书面管理程序的要求 LEVEL 3: In the method in which certified, Level 3 individuals shall:

18 第 18 页 / 共 43 页 - have the skills and knowledge to interpret codes, standards, and other contractual documents that control the NDT method(s). - be capable of assuming technical responsibility for the NDT facility and staff. - be capable of selecting the method and technique for a specific inspection. - be capable of preparing and verifying the adequacy of procedures and work instructions. - approve NDT procedures and work instructions for technical adequacy. - have a general knowledge of other NDT methods and product manufacturing and inspection technologies used by the employer. - when specified in the written practice, have a basic knowledge of aircraft or vehicle maintenance. - be capable of providing or directing training, examination, and certification of personnel. - conduct NDT for the acceptance of parts and document the results if a demonstration of proficiency in this ability was included in the practical examination. - when required by the written practice, be capable of auditing outside agencies to ensure the requirements of the written practice are met 审核员 执行无损检测审核 评审或评定的人员, 应进行培训, 并应具有理解所采用无损检测工艺和程序 的技能和知识 审核人员应熟悉适用于控制无损检测工艺的法规 标准和其它合同文件 AUDITOR: Personnel performing technical NDT audits, surveys or assessments shall have the training, skills and knowledge to understand the processes and procedures utilized in the application of NDT processes. The individual shall be familiar with the applicable codes, standards, and other contractual documents that control the applicable method(s). 6 培训和实践经历 TRAINING AND EXPERIENCE 6.1 培训 报考所有级别认证的人员应完成足够的正式培训, 以熟悉适用检测方法和技术的原理和实际操作, 并有能力履行第 5 部分中所规定的职责 正式培训应在在岗培训之前或与在岗培训同时进行 所有已 经完成的无损检测培训都应有书面记录 表 1 和表 1A 列出了特定检测方法 1 级和 2 级人员的最短培训学时要求, 有限 1 级人员的最短培 训时间由责任 3 级人员决定, 并进行书面记录, 但有限 1 级人员的学时不应少于相应检测方法 1 级人 员最短培训学时的 25% 个人在通过 2 级认证之前, 不能直接被认证为 3 级人员 对于已认证的射线检测方法的 3 级人员, 要进行额外的 40 学时的培训, 才能实现胶片与非胶片 射线技术之间的转换 通常情况下, 可以从雇主或外部机构获得基础 专业和实际操作培训, 但雇主应补充提供在岗培 训 TRAINING: Candidates for certification to all levels shall complete sufficient formal training to become proficient with the principles and practices of the applicable test method and technique(s) and be capable of carrying out the duties specified in Section 5. Formal training shall be conducted prior to, or in conjunction with, on-the-job training. All completed NDT training shall be documented. The minimum training hours for Level 1 and Level 2 are provided in Table I and Table IA for the specified NDT methods. The minimum training hours for Level 1-Limited shall be determined and documented by the Responsible Level3, but Level 1-Limited hours shall not be less than 25% of those required for Level 1 in the applicable method. Individuals cannot certify to Level 3 without prior certification to Level 2 in the method. 40 additional hours of training is required for current certified Level 3 radiography personnel transitioning to either film or non-film radiography. General, specific and practical training may be obtained with the employer or outside agency but shall always be supplemented by practical on-the-job training with the employer. 表 1:1 级和 2 级人员最短的正式培训时间

19 第 19 页 / 共 43 页 方法 1 级 2 级 ( 有 1 级证 ) 2 级 ( 无 1 级证 ) 渗透检测 磁粉检测 红外热像检测 错位散斑检测 涡流检测 超声检测 射线检测 ( 胶片或非胶片 ) 射线检测 ( 胶片和非胶片 ) 表 1A: 胶片和非胶片射线检测相互转化的正式培训时间 附加的正式培训学时 1 级转 1 级 2 级转 2 级 1 级转 2 级 Table1-MINIMUM FORMAL TRAINING HOURS,LEVEL 1 & LEVEL 2 Method Level 1 Level 2 with previous Level 2 without previous Level 1 certification Level 1certification PT MT IRT ST ET UT RT Film or NonFilm RT Film & NonFilm Table1A- RT FORMAL TRAINING HOURS FOR TRANSITION TO FILM AND NONFILM Additional Formal Training Hours Current Level 1 Current Level 2 Current Level 1to Level 2 Film &NonFilm 培训大纲 所有培训应按照责任 3 级人员批准的详细课程大纲进行 该大纲应包括培训参考资料清单 培训 内容至少应包括 : 基础理论 检测原则, 包括无损检测方法的选择, 适用材料 零部件和检测参数

20 第 20 页 / 共 43 页 产品形状和材料 ; 缺陷的形式和特征 设备操作和标定 工艺控制的重要性 适当工艺步骤和参数的重要性 安全事项 适用技术及其优缺点 每种方法和技术的局限性和检测能力 适用规程 法规 操作程序和工艺卡 适用时, 评定 解释和记录检测结果 如果由外部机构或认证部提供培训时, 责任 3 级人员应验证其培训达到了雇主的要求 TRAINING OUTLINES: All training shall be conducted in accordance with a detailed course outline approved by the Responsible Level 3. The outline shall include a list of references from which the training material is derived. As a minimum the training shall include: - Basic theory - Test principles, including choice of NDT methods, relevance to different materials and part and test variables - Product forms and materials; defect formation and characterization - Equipment operation and standardization - The importance of process controls - The importance of appropriate processing steps and parameters - Safety - Applicable techniques and the advantages and disadvantages of each - Limitations and capabilities of each method and technique - Applicable specifications, codes, operating procedures and work instructions - If applicable, evaluation, interpretation and documentation of inspection results. If an outside agency or NANDTB is used to provide training, the Responsible Level 3 shall verify that the training meets the employer's requirements 前期培训 经过前期培训的人员或在培训 12 个月内没有鉴定的人员应进行重新培训 前期培训应有书面记 录, 以便于雇主接受 重新培训至少应包括产品 设备的设置 操作和校验 详细的操作程序 适用 的技术 无损检测结果的解释和评定 安全和适用的法规 标准及规程 前期培训的证明可以不是原 始记录, 只要责任 3 级人员或主考人认可了前期培训的充分性和等效性 PREVIOUS TRAINING: For personnel credited with previous training, or personnel not certified within 12 months of their training, refresher training must be provided. Previous training must be documented to be accepted by the employer. As a minimum, refresher training shall cover products, equipment set-up, operation and standardization, specific operating procedures, applicable techniques, interpretation and evaluation of NDT results, safety, and applicable codes, standards and specifications.for documentation of previous training, records other than original records may be accepted if adequacy and equivalency have been determined to be acceptable by the Responsible Level 3 or Examiner 等效培训 对于根据 NAS410 EN4179 或其它无损检测资格鉴定程序认证的人员, 前期培训的充分性和等同 性是否满足表 1 和表 1A 的要求, 应由责任 3 级人员或主考人确定并进行记录 适用时, 前期培训的 小时数可全部或部分接受 EQUIVALENT TRAINING: For personnel previously certified under NAS 410, EN 4179 or other recognized NDT qualification program, the adequacy and equivalency of their previous training to the requirements of Table I and Table IA shall be determined and documented by the Responsible Level 3 or Examiner. All or a portion of previous hours may be accepted as applicable 健康与安全培训

21 第 21 页 / 共 43 页 应严格遵守有关危险品 事故预防及安全操作规程有关的所有条例 应按照当地的法规和条例确 定相关安全培训的要求 在接受认证之前, 所有报考射线照相检测的人员都应了解有关电离辐射的危 害和安全要求的相关知识, 并熟悉适用的法律法规 HEALTH AND SAFETY TRAINING: All regulations relating to hazardous substances, accident prevention and safe working practices shall be strictly adhered to. Safety-related training requirements shall be determined in accordance with local codes and regulations. Prior to certification, all candidates seeking radiography qualification shall have received instruction on the hazards and safety requirements associated with ionizing radiation and be knowledgeable of, and comply with, the applicable regulations and laws 培训设施 培训设施和教室应提供一个无干扰的教学环境 教学应配备数量充足的设备 教具 模型和试样 等, 以确保满足培训课程的全部要求 另外, 为了覆盖报考人从事检测的范围, 应提供足够数量的包 含自然缺陷或人工缺陷的代表性试样, 用于实操考试的试样不应在培训时使用 为了确保报考人在实 际操作中有足够的收获, 用于培训的设备应和报考人在实际工作中使用的设备在性能上具有充分的可 比性, 培训时可以采用生产中使用的零件和无损检测设备 TRAINING FACILITIES: Training facilities and classrooms shall provide an environment conducive to learning and shall be sufficiently well equipped with equipment and training aids, models, samples, etc., to ensure that all aspects of the training course requirements are met. In addition, a sufficient number of representative test samples containing natural or artificial features and/or flaws shall be available to cover the range of testing to be conducted by the candidate. Test samples used for practical examinations shall not be used for training purposes. To ensure the candidate fully benefits from the practical exercises, equipment used for training shall be sufficiently comparable to that which the candidate will use in the performance of their job. Production parts and NDT equipment may be used for training. 6.2 培训和考试人员 责任 3 级人员应对无损检测培训计划进行总体控制和审查, 包括任命或批准合格的主考人 教师 和外部机构 TRAINING AND EXAMINATION PERSONNEL: The Responsible Level 3 shall maintain overall control and cognizance over the NDT training program, including designating or approving qualified Examiners, instructors and outside agencies 主考人 必要时, 责任 3 级人员应以书面形式任命或批准主考人, 所有主考人应按照本标准的规定进行认 证 经责任 3 级人员决定和进行记录后, 主考人即可实施无损检测的书面及操作考试和评分, 并负责 管理其已认证检测方法的整个或部分资格鉴定过程 EXAMINERS: When necessary, Examiners shall be designated or approved in writing by the Responsible Level 3. All Examiners shall be certified in accordance with this standard. As determined and documented by the Responsible Level 3, an Examiner can prepare, administer and grade written or practical NDT examinations, and administer all or part of the qualification process in the method in which he/she is certified 教师 教师应具备依据批准的教学大纲进行计划 组织 提供课堂培训和实际操作的知识和技能 教师 应由责任 3 级人员任命或批准 INSTRUCTORS: Instructors shall have the skills and knowledge to plan, organize, and present classroom training and practical exercises in accordance with approved course outlines. Instructors shall be designated or approved by the Responsible Level 外部机构

22 第 22 页 / 共 43 页 当采用外部机构时, 外部机构应向雇主提供其名称和资质证明材料, 适用时, 还应提供负责培训 和考试人员的资格证书的证明材料 OUTSIDE AGENCIES: When an outside agency is used, the outside agency shall provide the employer with the names, evidence of qualifications and, if applicable, evidence of certifications held by the personnel conducting the training and examination. 6.3 实践经历 有限 1 级 1 级 2 级及 3 级认证的报考人应具备充足的实践经历, 以确保他们能够履行所报考 级别的职责 1 级和 2 级人员的最短经历要求如表 2 和表 2A 中所示 3 级人员的最短实践经历要求见 表 3 和 6.4.2( 适用时 ) 有限 1 级人员的实践经历要求应由责任 3 级人员确定, 并进行书面记录, 但 不应少于相应检测方法 1 级人员的 10% 根据书面管理程序中的相关规定, 为获得经历而进行的在岗 培训, 应在持证人员的指导下进行 应有文件记录学员实践经历的日期 任务 小时数和提供直接观 察指导的持证人员, 以备审查 持有射线 3 级人员进行胶片和非胶片之间的转化时, 应在主考人 教师或外部培训机构的监督指 导下附加 240 学时的实践经历 EXPERIENCE: Candidates for certification to Level 1-Limited, Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 shall have sufficient practical experience to assure that they are capable of performing the duties of the level for which certification is sought. The minimum experience requirements for Level 1 and Level 2 are provided in Table II and Table IIA, as applicable. The requirements for Level 3 are in Table III and 6.4.2, as applicable. Experience requirements for Level 1-Limited shall be determined and documented by the Responsible Level 3, but shall not be less than 10% of those required for Level 1 in the applicable method. As documented in the written practice, on-the-job training for the purpose of gaining experience shall be overseen by personnel certified in accordance with this standard. For trainees gaining experience, documentation shall be available for review to indicate individual, date, task, hours, and certified personnel providing direct observation. Additional experience requirements for current Level 3 radiography personnel transitioning to either film or non-film radiography are 240 hours with guidance or supervision from an examiner, instructor, or outside agency 前期实践经历 只有当报考人的前期实践经历是有文件记录的且经过责任 3 级人员或主考人批准时, 其从先前雇 主那里获得的实践经历才能被现在的雇主接受 适用时, 可以接受全部或部分前期经历的时数 前期 经历的文字记录可以不是原始记录, 只要责任 3 级人员或主考人确定了前期实践经历的充分性和等效 性是可以接受的 PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE: A candidate's experience with a previous employer may be accepted by the current employer only if such experience is documented and approved by the Responsible Level 3 or Examiner. All or a portion of previous hours may be accepted as applicable. For documentation of previous experience, records other than original records may be accepted if adequacy and equivalency have been determined to be acceptable by the Responsible Level 3 or Examiner 等效实践经历 对于根据 NAS410 EN4179 或其它无损检测程序认证的人员, 其按照表 2 表 2A 和表 3 的要求的 前期实践经历的充分性和等同性应由责任 3 级人员或主考人确定并形成记录 EQUIVALENT EXPERIENCE: For personnel previously certified under NAS 410, EN 4179 or other recognized NDT qualification program, the adequacy and equivalency of their previous experience to the requirements of Table II, Table IIA or Table III shall be determined and documented by the Responsible Level 3 or Examiner. 表 2: 1 级和 2 级人员最短的实践经历要求 实践经历时间 ( 单位 : 小时 ) 方法 1 级 ( 学员经历 ) 2 级 ( 有 1 级证书 ) 2 级 ( 无 1 级证书 )

23 第 23 页 / 共 43 页 渗透检测 磁粉检测 红外成像检测 错位散斑检测 涡流检测 超声检测 射线检测 ( 胶片或非胶片 ) 射线检测 ( 胶片和非胶片 ) 表 2A:RT 胶片和非胶片射线检测相互转化的实践经历要求 附加的最少实践经历时间 ( 单位 : 小时 ) 1 级 2 级 1 级转换为胶片和非胶片的 2 级 表 3: 常规无损检测方法中 3 级人员认证最少实践经历要求 大专或本科无在技术学校 专科学院或大学有 2 年理工科学习经历 3~4 年的理工科大学学位 2 级实践经历 4 年 2 年 1 年 TABLE Ⅱ: MINIMUM EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS FOR LEVEL 1 & LEVEL 2 Experience Time in Hours Method Level 1 Level 2 with previous Level 2 without previous (Trainee experience) Level 1 certification Level 1 certification PT MT IRT ST ET UT RT Film or NonFilm RT Film & NonFilm TABLE ⅡA:RT EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSITION TO FILM AND NONFILM Additional Minimum Experience Time in Hours Current Level 1 Current Level 2 Current Level 1 to Level 2 Film & NonFilm TABLE Ⅲ: MINIMUM EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS FOR LEVEL 3 IN COMMON METHODS College or University Level 2 Experience

24 第 24 页 / 共 43 页 None Two years of engineering or science study at a technical school, college or university 4 years 2 years 3-4 year science or engineering undergraduate degree 1 years 6.4 无损检测新方法 雇主使用的但未在 1.3 节 表 1 和表 2 中列出的检测方法的最低培训要求和最低实践经历要求应 由责任 3 级人员决定 EMERGING NDT METHODS: The minimum required training and experience hours for methods used by the employer that are not listed in 1.3, Table I, and Table II shall be established by the Responsible Level 级和 2 级 确定表 1 和表 2 中未列出的新方法的培训或实践经历最低小时数方法数应参照表 1 和表 2 中列出 的具有类似复杂程度的检测方法的要求 这仅适用于 节中定义的 其它 或新的检测方法, 不适用 于渗透 磁粉 超声 射线照相 红外热成像检测 错位散斑干涉检测和涡流检测 LEVELS 1 AND 2: When determining training or experience hours for new methods not listed in Tables I and II, the minimum hours shall be based on the requirements for a method of similar complexity listed in Table I and II. This only applies to other or emerging methods as defined in and cannot be applied to penetrant, magnetic particle, ultrasonic, radiography, thermography, shearography or eddy current testing 级 当经过认可的工程组织批准, 且经雇主书面管理程序授权时, 在下列情况下, 雇主可以对未被列 在 1.3 节内的无损检测新方法的首个 3 级人员进行资格鉴定和认证 : 对于新方法, 如采用的认证部有此程序则应使用, 没有则不被采用 报考人具备履行 节中列出的 3 级人员职责的技能和能力 满足表 4 中的所有要求 在 6.4,6.4.1 和 内的要求仅适用于 节中规定的 其它 或新的方法, 并不适用于渗透 磁 粉 超声 射线照相 红外热成像 错位散斑干涉或涡流检测 LEVEL 3: When approved by the cognizant engineering organization and authorized by the employer s written practice, an employer may qualify and certify its first Level 3 in a new NDT method not listed in 1.3 provided: - The applicable NANDTB does not have a process for qualifying a Level 3 in the new method. If the applicable NANDTB has such a process, it shall be used. - The candidate has the skill and ability to carry out the Level 3 responsibilities in All of the requirements in Table IV are met. The requirements of 6.4, and only apply to other or emerging methods as defined in and cannot be applied to penetrant, magnetic particle, ultrasonic, radiography, thermography, shearography or eddy current testing. 表 4: 无损检测新方法首个 3 级人员的最低要求 大专或本科授课 / 学习实践经历其它认证的无损检测方法 没有在技术学校 专科学院或大学 进行理工科学习的经历 80 小时 300 小时 先前至少获得一个 3 级 或两个 2 级证书

25 在技术学校 专科学院或大学有 2 年 理工科学习的经历 60 小时 200 小时 第 25 页 / 共 43 页 先前至少获得一个 3 级 或两个 2 级证书 3~4 年的理工科大学学位 40 小时 200 小时先前至少获得一个 2 级证书 TABLE Ⅳ: MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRST LEVEL 3 IN AN EMERGING NDT METHOD College or University Instruction/Study Experience Other NDT Certifications No engineering or science study at a technical school, college or university Two years of engineering or science study at a technical school, college or university 3-4 year science or engineering undergraduate degree 80 hours 300 hours 60hours 40hours 200hours 200hours At least one previous Level 3 or two Level 2certifications held At least one previous Level 3 or two Level 2certifications held At least one previous Level 2 certification held 7 考试 EXAMINATIONS 7.1 目的 对报考人进行认证的每种方法的资格鉴定考试应包括 : 基础考试 专业考试和实操考试 报考人 在初次取证前应进行视力检查并在认证后定期进行 视力检查要求和基础考试和专业考试的试题或试 题库以及实操考试的检查单等应妥善保存, 以便雇主的客户在审查时提供 考生只有在考试时才能接 触到试题和试件, 不允许对笔试试题进行口试或口译 PURPOSE: Examinations to verify the technical qualifications of candidates shall consist of a general, specific and practical examination for each method in which the candidate is to be certified. An examination for visual acuity shall also be conducted prior to the candidate s first certification and periodically thereafter. The requirements for the vision examination, the questions or question database used for the general and specific examinations and the checklist for the practical examination shall be available for review by the employer s customers. Examinations and test samples shall be made available to the candidates only during administration of the examinations. An oral or verbal translation of written examinations is not permitted 视力 通过对学员 有限 1 级 1 级 2 级与 3 级无损检测人员进行视力检查, 保证申请人的近距视力 与辨色能力符合表 5 的要求 视力要求不适用于教师与审核人员 近距视力应每年检查一次, 而辨色 能力检查则至少每 5 年一次 雇主应确保表 5 中的要求传递所有必要人员和机构 Jeager 和 Snellen 的 视力检查由经过责任 3 级人员指定的经过培训的人员或有资质的医务人员负责 ISO18490 的测试应按 照该标准要求进行 如需进行视力纠正才能通过视力检查时, 进行检测工作时应佩戴视力纠正装置 在认证前, 人员辨色能力的任何局限性都需经过责任 3 级人员评估, 且应以书面形式批准 近距离视力 表 5: 视力要求检查要求 - 按照 ISO 英寸 (42cm)+/- 1"(2.54 cm)* 距离下 20/25 ( 斯内伦视力表 ) - 12 英寸 (30.48cm) 外达到 Jaeger 1*