Xin Yue, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES) November 14, 2013
Outline Progress of China s vehicle emission standards and fuel quality standards Real fuel quality situations Suggestions
Fuels apparent consumption (2012vs2011) Oil 476 million tons, 22% Produced 207 million tons, 1.4% Imported 271 million tons, 57%, 7.1% Exported 2.43 million tons, - 3.5% Gasoline 86.30 million tons, 11.5%, Produced 89.22 million tons, 9.6% Imported 4.5 thousand tons, -84.5% Exported 2.93 million tons, - 27.9% Diesel 169.61 million tons, 2.44%, ~50% Produced 170.53 million tons, 2.26% Imported 947 thousand tons, - 61.2% Exported 1.86 million tons, - 8.32%
Vehicle emission & gasoline fuel quality standards China 1 China 2 Emission GB18352.1-2001 Gasoline GB17930-1999 GB18351-2001 Emission GB18352.2-2001 Gasoline GB17930-1999 GB18351-2004 Start date Transition Start date Transition 2000.1.1/2001.4.15 2003.1.1 2000.7.1 class 1 2001.10.1 class 2 1000ppm Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou 800ppm countrywide (800ppm) 2003.7.1 2005.7.1 class 1 2006.7.1 class 2 2005.7.1 /2005.7.18 /2005.10.30 None /2005.10.30 /None
Vehicle emission & gasoline fuel quality standards China 3 China 4 Emission GB18352.3-2005 Gasoline GB17930-2006 GB18351-2010 Emission GB18352.3-2005 Gasoline GB17930-2011 GB18351-2013 Start date Transition Start date Transition 2008.7.1 2006.12.6 /2011.1.10 /2011.7.1 2010.1.1 /2011.7.1 2011.7.1 2011.5.12 /2013.10.10 /2014.1.1 2014.1.1
Vehicle emission & gasoline fuel quality standards China 5 Emission Gasoline GB17930-2013 GB18352.5-2013 Start date Transition 2013.9.17-2018.1.1 2013.12.31? 2018.1.1
Vehicle emission & diesel fuel quality standards China I China II Emission GB17691-2001 Diesel GB252-2000 Emission GB17691- Required Real supply 2001 Required Diesel GB/T19147-2003 Real supply 2001.9.1 2000ppm (93/12/EEC) 2000ppm 2002.1.1 2004.9.1 500ppm (93/12/EEC) 2003.10.1 2000ppm GB252
Vehicle emission & diesel fuel quality standards China III China IV Emission 2005 GB17691- Diesel GB19147-2009 emission GB17691- Diesel GB19147-2013 Start date Transition 2005 Start date Transition 2008.1.1 2010.1.1 2011.7.1 (limited supply) 2013.7.1(?) 2013.2.7 2015.1.1
Vehicle emission & diesel fuel quality standards China V Emission Diesel GB19147-2013 GB17691-2005 Start date Transition 2018.1.1? 2013.6.8 2018.1.1
Non-road diesel fuel standards China I China III Diesel GB252-2000 Light diesel fuels Diesel GB252-2011 General diesel fuels Start date transition Start date Transition 2002.1.1 None 2011.7.1 2013.7.1
National and local methanol gasoline standards GB/T23799-2009 Methanol gasoline (M85) for motor vehicles 80ppm sulfur, start on December 1, 2009 Formulation of China 3, 4 M15 recommended standard Local standards at China 1, 2 and 3 levels
National environmental protection standards on fuel quality The standards prescribe limits on content of hazardous materials in vehicle gasoline and diesel fuels that impose adverse effects on vehicle emission control, human health and ecological environment, and environmental protection requirement of vehicle gasoline and diesel fuels, in accordance with the requirement of implementation of China 4/IV, China 5/V vehicle emission standards Promulgated on February 14, 2011; come into effect on May 1, 2011
National environmental protection standards on fuel quality Promulgation announcement
National environmental protection standards on fuel quality GWKB1.1-2011 Hazardous materials control standard for motor vehicle gasoline (IV, V) Sulfur, lead, iron, manganese, copper, phosphorus, benzene, olefins, aromatics, methanol Requires addition of detergent additives Prescribes test methods and limits for detergency Differentiated vapor pressure requirement according to climate
National environmental protection standards on fuel quality
National environmental protection standards on fuel quality
National environmental protection standards on fuel quality GWKB1.2-2011 Hazardous materials control standard for motor vehicle diesel (IV, V) Sulfur, PAHs Requires addition of detergent additives Prescribes test methods and limits for detergency
National environmental protection standards on fuel quality
Other standards Detergent additive for vehicular gasoline GB19592-2004 GB/T19230.6 Detergent additive for vehicle diesel QSY1189-2009 SH/T0764 National standard completed opinion solicitation Ad blue(aus 32) GB 29518-2013
Real supply situations of vehicle gasoline and diesel 2010-2011
Real supply situations of vehicle gasoline and diesel Gasoline Average China 3, a few China 4, Shanghai China 4 Poor quality at local gas stations, Sinopec and PetroChina better, joint ventures in between Diesel Average China I, a few China III, Shanghai China 4 Poor quality at local gas stations, Sinopec facing pressure of lowering sulfur content, joint ventures in between
Current supply situations Gasoline Beijing China 5, Shanghai China 5 (Sep. 1), Pearl River Delta (China 5 by end of year), Jiangsu (China 4/5), other areas China 3 Diesel Beijing China V, Shanghai China V (Sep. 1), Pearl River Delta (China IV by end of year), Nanjing (China IV), other areas China III (General diesel fuels)
Major problems of fuel quality Mismatch of emission standard and fuel quality China 4/IV emission standard using China 3/III fuels Impaired emission standard Impaired in use emission reduction Supply of non-road diesel fuels to road vehicles General diesel fuels are prepared for non-road purposes GB252-2011 General diesel fuels, labeling is mandatory Non-road diesel Hard to know the real situations
Suggestions on fuel quality management Commence environmental protection management on fuel quality Major driver of fuel quality improvement Close relations between fuel quality and emission control Serious harm (delay of emission standards and impairing of in-use emission control) Basis and component of vehicle emission control Revision of Law of air pollution prevention and mitigation Clarify the relations between fuel quality and emission control Require environmental protection management on fuel quality Supply of China 4/IV and China 5/V fuels Abolish non-road diesel standard Transition period should have clear and detail plan Supply of China 5/V fuels to areas surround Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou immediately and implement emission standards
Suggestions on fuel quality management Gasoline, diesel, ethanol gasoline, methanol gasoline standards Require detergency and carry out inspection Differentiated vapor pressure requirement according to climate Formulate practical hazardous materials control standard s for methanol gasoline Tighten requirement on non-road diesel/oil Enhance enforcement Marine fuel
National fuel quality survey program Target Understand the compliance situations of hazardous materials and environmental protection requirement of fuels Promote the fuel quality improvement and supply of high quality fuels Reduce emissions Outcome Announcement, annual report, white book Detailed report
National fuel quality survey program Timing 2013 summer season 2014 winter season Areas Central eastern areas with serious vehicle emission pollution 101/113 key environmental protection cities (except those in Tibet, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Yunnan and Hainan) 188 gasoline samples, 180 diesel samples (each season)
National fuel quality survey program Sample assignment Provinces, cities directly under control of central government Key cities Sampling and transport Brands: Sinopec, PetroChina, joint ventures, local gas stations Sample obtained directly from pump 8 liters gasoline, 4 liters diesel Number, booking and seal Bulk transport to lab
National fuel quality survey program Gasoline samples 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样数 量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 北京 8 天津 4 重庆 2 上海 10 南昌 2 九江 2 石家庄 2 秦皇岛 1 唐山 1 济南 2 青岛 2 烟台 2 淄博 1 保定 1 邯郸 1 泰安 1 日照 1 枣庄 1 济宁 2 太原 1 长治 1 临汾 1 阳泉 1 潍坊 3 大同 1 郑州 1 洛阳 1 安阳 1 焦作 1 呼和浩特 1 包头 1 赤峰 1 开封 1 平顶山 1 三门峡市 1 沈阳 4 大连 3 鞍山 2 抚顺 1 武汉 4 荆州 3 宜昌 2 本溪 1 锦州 2 长沙 1 岳阳 1 湘潭 1 张家界 1 长春 4 吉林 2 株洲 1 常德 1 哈尔滨 4 牡丹江 1 齐齐哈尔 2 广州 7 深圳 3 湛江 3 珠海 2 南京 1 苏州 2 南通 2 连云港 1 汕头 3 韶关 3 无锡 2 常州 1 扬州 1 徐州 3 南宁 1 桂林 1 北海 1 柳州 1 镇江市 1 成都 5 绵阳 2 攀枝花 1 泸州 1 杭州 5 宁波 3 温州 2 湖州 2 宜宾 1 自贡市 1 德阳市 1 南充市 1 绍兴 1 贵阳 1 遵义 1 合肥 1 马鞍山 1 芜湖 1 西安 1 咸阳 1 延安 1 宝鸡 1 福州 2 厦门 2 泉州 3 铜川 1 渭南市 1
National fuel quality survey program Diesel samples 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样数 量 城市 抽样 数量 城市 抽样 数量 北京 3 天津 4 重庆 3 上海 6 南昌 2 九江 3 石家庄 2 秦皇岛 1 唐山 2 济南 2 青岛 3 烟台 1 淄博 3 保定 1 邯郸 2 泰安 1 日照 1 枣庄 2 济宁 2 太原 1 长治 1 临汾 2 潍坊 3 阳泉 1 大同 1 郑州 1 洛阳 1 安阳 1 焦作 1 呼和浩特 1 包头 2 赤峰 1 开封 1 平顶山 1 三门峡市 1 沈阳 3 大连 3 鞍山 2 抚顺 1 武汉 5 荆州 1 宜昌 2 本溪 1 锦州 1 长沙 2 岳阳 1 湘潭 1 张家界 1 长春 5 吉林 3 株洲 1 常德 1 哈尔滨 3 牡丹江 1 齐齐哈尔 3 广州 8 深圳 5 湛江 2 珠海 2 南京 1 苏州 1 南通 1 连云港 1 汕头 1 韶关 2 无锡 1 常州 1 扬州 1 徐州 1 南宁 3 桂林 1 北海 1 柳州 1 镇江市 1 成都 3 绵阳 1 攀枝花 1 泸州 1 杭州 4 宁波 3 温州 1 宜宾 1 自贡市 1 德阳市 1 南充市 1 绍兴 1 湖州 1 贵阳 2 遵义 1 合肥 2 马鞍山 1 芜湖 1 西安 2 咸阳 1 延安 1 宝鸡 1 福州 2 厦门 1 泉州 2 铜川 1 渭南市 2
Survey routes-beijing, Hebei
Survey routes-beijing, Shandong
Survey routes-dalian, Northeast
Survey routes-guangzhou, South China
Survey routes-nanjing, Southwest
Survey routes-ningbo, Zhejiang
Survey routes-qingdao, Henan
Survey routes-xiamen, Fujian
Survey routes-tianjin, North Chian, Northwest
Survey routes-zhangjiagang, Jiangsu
Analysis parameters and test methods Gasoline 1 parameter Lead Iron Manganese Copper Phosphorus Test method GB/T8020 SH/T0712 SH/T0711 SH/T0102 SH/T0020
Analysis parameters and test methods Gasoline 2 Parameter Sulfur Benzene Oxygen Methanol Distillation RON RON+MON/2 Gum Chloride Silica Test method SH/T0689 SH/T0713 SH/T0663 SH/T0663 GB/T6536 GB/T5487 GB/T503 GB/T5487 GB/T8019 ASTM D5808 ASTM D5185
Analysis parameters and test methods Diesel Parameter Sulfur PAHs Test method SH/T0689 SH/T0806
Major partners Beijing EPB Energy Foundation Intertek Members from clean fuels working group
Clean fuels working group Establishment Article 13, Chapter 3, Management methods of branches of the Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences, branches may set up relevant groups on need Appeal from oil industry to set up a working group in terms of environmental protection, in and after the May 18, 2011 annual meeting of clean fuels
Clean fuels working group Establishment The first meeting of standing members of the Committee Vehicle and Vessel Emission Control of 2013 approved the establishment of the Clean fuels working group
Clean fuels working group Fields and members Fields Detergent additives, urea solution, fuels, alcohols, engine oils, other additives Members Enterprises: fuels, vehicle related Research organizations Test facilities High schools, etc.
Clean fuels working group Responsibilities Information Collection Hot topics PM2.5 NOx Fuel quality gate Dynamics Monitoring of industry operation
Clean fuels working group responsibilities Coordinating within the industry Promote fair play, win-win situation, coordinate relations between members Laws, regulations and standards Organize and represent members in formulation of laws, regulations and standards Consultation Evaluation, examination and upscale of technologies
Clean fuels working group Responsibilities Cooperation and exchange Organize domestic and international technical cooperation and exchange Meeting and exhibition Hold exhibition and press conference Training Human resources, technologies, management
Clean fuels working group How to join the group Join the Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences Then join the Group Recent work Study of impact of diesel detergent additives on emissions National fuel quality survey program
Keep in Touch! Xin Yue 13501265820 yuexin@craes.org.cn