- A Study of Relationships among the Salary Management, Salary Satisfaction and Job Satisfaction. -- The case of textile & chemicals company

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Abstract TitleA Study of Relationships among the Salary Management, Page:96 Salary Satisfaction and Job Satisfaction. SchoolNational Taipei University of Technology DepartmentGraduate Institute of Commerce Automation and Management TimeJune, 2007 ResearcherShoei-Cheng Huang DegreeMaster Advisor:Sen-Guey Liaw Key word: Salary, Salary Management, Salary Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction Salary is an issue that both labor and management consider important. Has employee salary benefits positive influence on employee management, which turns out double winner for both labor and management? This research explores the influence of salary system on employee job satisfaction. The research explored the influence on salary satisfaction in terms different combination of salary satisfaction variables, and further explores its influence on employee job satisfaction. It takes examples of traditional manufacturing industries to understand salary management of different industries has brought influence on job satisfaction. The research found: (1)job location in salary management, salary satisfaction, non- salary satisfaction shows evident variety, indicating sector varieties. (2) Salary management and salary satisfaction are highly and positively correlated, indicating employee feeling that salary satisfaction comes as high as salary management. (3) Salary satisfaction and job satisfaction are positively, though not highly correlated. (4) Personal relationship are positively correlated with job satisfaction, while the connection between personal growth & development and job satisfaction is relatively low.(5) Salary be able to respond the work hard and the difficulty. ii

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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------i -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------ii -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iii -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iv --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------vii --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ix ----------------------------------------------------------------------------1 1.1 -----------------------------------------------------------1 1.2 --------------------------------------------------------------------2 1.3 --------------------------------------------------------------------3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------5 2.1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------5 2.1.1 -------------------------------------------------------------5 2.1.2 ----------------------------------------------7 2.1.3 -------------------------------------------------9 2.2 -----------------------------------------------------------------13 2.2.1 ---------------------------------------------13 2.2.2 ----------------------------------------------14 2.3 -----------------------------------------------------------18 2.3.1 ---------------------------------------------18 2.3.2 ---------------------------------------------19 2.3.3 ---------------------------------------21 iv

2.3.4 ---------------------------------27 2.3.5 ------------------------------------------------28 2.3.6 ------------------------------------30 2.4 ----------------------------------------------------------34 ----------------------------------------------------------------------37 3.1 --------------------------------------------------------------------37 3.2 -----------------------------------------------------------------38 3.3 --------------------------------------------------------------------39 3.4 -----------------------------------------------------41 3.5 -----------------------------------------------------------42 3.6 -----------------------------------------------------44 3.6.1 ------------------------------------45 3.6.2 ---------------------------------46 3.6.3 ------------------------------47 3.6.4 ---------------------------------49 3.7 -----------------------------------------------------52 ------------------------------------------------------------54 4.1 --------------------------------------------------------------54 4.2 -------------------------------------------------55 4.3 --------------------------------------56 4.4 -----------------------------------------61 4.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------72 4.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------74 ------------------------------------------------------------------81 5.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------81 v

5.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------86 5.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------87 5.4 -------------------------------------------------------------88 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------89 ------------------------------------------------------------------------94 vi

2.1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------15 2.2 ---------------------------------------------------------19 2.3 -----------------------------------------------------21 2.4 ------------------------------------------------------ 24 2.5 ---------------------------------------- 27 3.1 --------------------------------------------45 3.2 -----------------------------------------47 3.3 -----------------------------------------------48 3.4 --------------------------------------49 3.5 --------------------------------------------------50 3.6 -----------------------------------------51 4.1 -----------------------------------------------------54 4.2 --------------------------------------------------------55 4.3 --------------------------------------------------------57 4.4 -----------------------------------------------------58 4.5 --------------------------------------------------59 4.6 -----------------------------------------------------60 4.7 -------------------------------------------61 4.8 ------------------------------------------62 4.9 ------------------------------------63 4.10 ------------------------------------------65 4.11 ----------------------------------------65 vii

4.12 -------------------------------------67 4.13 ----------------------------------68 4.14 ----------------------------------------69 4.15 -------------------------------------71 4.16 Pearson -------------------------------------73 4.17 -------------------------------------74 4.18 --------------------------------------75 4.19 --------------------------------------76 4.20 --------------------------------------77 4.21 ----------------------------------78 4.22 ----------------------------------79 4.23 -----------------------------------80 5.1 -----------------------------84 viii

1.1 --------------------------------------------------------- 4 2.1 ------------------------------------------------------------- 8 2.2 ------------------------------------ 23 2.3 --------------------------------------------------------------- 26 3.1 -----------------------------------------------------------------37 ix

1.1 ( 2005) ( 2001) (2005) (1999) 1. ---- 2. ---- 3. ---- 4. ---- ( 2004) 1

?? 1.2 2

1.3 SPSSEXCEL 1.1 3

1.1 4

2.1 2.1.1 (1996.12.27 850029837 ) (2005.06.14 ) : 5

6 1989 Robbins1978 reward Henderson1979 Mikovich Newman1999 : ; : : ; : ( ) ( ); : (1986) pay incentives benefit wage salary bonus commission 1995

1996 1997 ( ) ( ) 2.1.2 (pay management) ( 2005) 2.1 7

峯 2002 (2005)p380 2.1 2000 (1991 (1997) 1. 2. 3. Milkovich & Newman(1993) 1. 8

2. 3. Lance & Dorothy(1999) 1. 2. 3. 4. (1997) (2005) 2.1.3 Lawler(1971) (discrepancy model) 9

Heneman & Schwab(1979) (modified discrepancy model) Lawler (2001) Heneman & Schwab1979 4 Pay Satisfaction Questionnaire PSQ (2005) Heneman & Schwab (1989) PSQ PSQ (1989) (1993) 10

11 1997 (1996) 1. 2. 3. 1996 1992 (2004) 40% 70% 1. 2. 3.

4. 5. (2001) Heneman & Schwab PSQ (1) (pay level) (2) pay raise (3) pay system (4) benefit ( ) 12

2.2 2.2.1 ( 2005) ( 2000) Porter & Lawler (1968) Smith, Kendell & Hulin (1969) (1977) (1989) (2001) 13

2.2.2 (J. Stacey Adams1965) (Equity Theory) ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) ( 1995p656) Adams input outcome referent 2.1 ( 1995p655) 14

2.1 A A A A A A B B B B B B A B (1995)p654 () internal consistency Lawer, 1981 15

() () 1999 16

(2001) 1. 2. 3. (1) (2) (3) 17

2.3 2.3.1 (job satisfaction) ( 2005) ( 2003) (2004) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Seashore & Tabor 1975 (1977 (1) (2) 18

2.3.2 Hoppoc Hoppock 1935 (job satisfaction) Porter & Lawler(1968), Smith, kendell, & Hulin (1969) Locke1976 2.2 2.2 Hoppock1935 Vroom1964 Porter & Lawler (1968) Smith, Kendell & Hulin 1969 Locke1976 19

Greenberg & Baron (1995) Jerald & Robert (1995) 2.2() Robbins1996 1977 1997 1989 1989 1992 (1993) 1999 global facet referenceframe (2000) (2003) (2005) 1977 (overall Satisfaction) (expectation discrepancy) (frame of reference) 2.3 20

2.3 2.3.3 ( 2005p310) X Y 21

ERG ( 1995ch16) (Maslow1954 Hierarchy of Needs Theory (Herzberg, Bernard, & Barbara 1959 Two-Factor Theory (Alderfer1969 ERG Existence Relatedness Growth Theory (Vroom1964 Expectancy Theory (Adams1965) (Equity Theory) Maslow(1954) (Hierarchy of Needs) 1 (physiological needs) 2 (safety needs) 3 social needs 4 esteem needs 5 (self-actualization needs) (2005)Maslow 2.2 22

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 2005p313) ( ) 2.2 Herzberg 1959 Two-Factor Theory (hygiene factors) (motivator factors) Herzberg 2.4 23

2.4 ERG Alderfer(1969) ERG (Existence Relatedness Growth Theory) (existence needs) (relatedness needs) (growth needs) 1 2 3 24

Alderfer ERG Maslow Maslow Alderfer Alderfer (Victor Vroom)1964 Expectancy Theory (valence) (instrumentality) (expectancy) VIE ( 1995p660) (1) (2) (3) (2005) 25

2.3 ( ) ( ) a b c 2.3 (2005)p318 (J. Stacey Adams1965) (Equity Theory) ( 1995p655) ( 2005p319) Maslow ERG 26

( 2000) 2.3.4 2.5 2.5 Vroom(1964) Herzberg(1968) Smith, Hulin, & Kendall (1969) Locke1969 Seashore & Taber (1975) Cron (1986) Arnold & Feldman (1982) Reiner & Zhao (1999) 1. (1). (2). (3). 2. 1. 2. (2005) (2003) (2005) 27

2.3.5 Seashore Tabor 1975 ( ) ( ) (Seashore & Taber1975) (2005) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1. 2. (2000) 28

29 (1) (2) (2004) ( ) (2005) (1) ( ) (2) ( ) (2005) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

(1) ( 2005) (2) ( ) ( 2005) ( 2002) ( ) ( 1997) (3) ( ( 1995p494) 2.3.6 30

(1993) Wanous & Lawler1972 (1) (2) (3) (4) Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, MSQ Weiss, Davis, England, & Lofquist (1967) (long form) (short form) (intrinsic satisfaction) (extrinsic satisfaction) (general satisfaction) 100 20 5 1 Job Descriptive Index, JDI Smith, Kendall, & Hulin 1969 18 9 72 3 1 0 31

Job Diagnosis Survey, JDS Hackman & Oldham1976 2.5 The Job Satisfaction Survey, JSS Spector1985 ( 2004) 1~6 36~216 The Job in General Scale, JIG Ironson 1989 JDI 18 1974 Wanous (MSQ) 32

( 2004) (2004) (1) (2) (2000) (1) (2) MSQ ( 2003) ( 2003) 33

34 2.4 Maslow(1954) (Hierarchy of Needs) ( 2005P192) 1.28(Edward,199 2004P16) ( P78) (2005) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (2005) (1) (2)

35 (3) (4) (5) (1) ( 2005) (2) 41 40 ( 2001 45 25-30 ( 2005 (3) ( 2001 ( 2005 (4)

36 ( 2001 ( 2005 (5 ( 2001 ( 2005 (6 ( 2001 (Hoppock1935 ) ( 2005 ( ( 2005)

3.1 3.1 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 3.1 37

3.2 1. 2. 3. 4. a. b. c. 5. a. b. 38

c. 3.3 () (2005) (2002) (1989) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) () 39

(1989) (1989) () (2001) (2005) () (2000) 40

(2005) 3.4 (5,200 ) Cavana, Delahaya, & Sekaran (2001) (p345) 5,000 357 ( 7.14%) ( ) 41

7.2% 1 100 620 ( 700 100 500 60 1,600 200 2,400 260 3.5 Likert 1~5 3910 5~1 ( 60 ) (2001) Heneman & Schwab1983 Pay Satisfaction Questionnaire PSQ 16 16 2005 12 ( 2005) 42

12 Smith, Kendall, & Hulin(1969) (Job Description Index JDI) 1-4 ( 57 11 1214 15 ) ( )810 (2002) 15 3 9 12 0.5 (2005) Weiss, Dawis, Englang, & Lofguist1967 20 (1~4111520 ) (5~612~14 ) 43

(7~1016~19 ) 10 (%) (7~9 16~19 ) (1~4111520 ) (5~612~14 ) 3.6 Cronbach s α SPSS 0.5 Varimax 1 Factor Loading 0.5 (Item to Total Correlation) Cronbach s α Cronbach s α α 0.7 α 0.35 Cronbach s α0.6 44

3.6.1 3.1 10.337 64.608 0.963 3.1 α (%) 01. 0.819 02. 0.756 03. 0.818 04. 0.792 05. 0.795 06. 0.822 07. 0.839 08. 0.835 10.337 64.608 0.963 09. 0.799 10. 0.746 11. 0.843 12. 0.810 13. 0.811 14. 0.809 15. 0.784 16. 0.777 (2001) Heneman & Schwab1979 4 45

7 5 1 160 (54.24%) 1 ( ) 160 (2005) 57 6 75% 10 70% 3.6.2 3.2 7.406 61.720 0.943 (2005) ( ) 46

3.2 α (%) 1. 0.717 2. 0.748 3. 0.728 4. 0.778 5. 0.792 6. 0.806 7. 0.832 7.406 61.720 0.943 8. 0.753 9. 0.840 10. 0.849 11. 0.798 12. 0.775 3.6.3 3.3 3.4 7.2891.857 1.218 69.095 47

8 0.510 0.853 48.595 4 0.703 0.781 12.382 3 0.685 0.850 8.118 3.3 01. 0.447 0.724 0.171 02. 0.288 0.772 0.209 03. -0.033 0.703 0.421 04. 0.400 0.781 0.096 05. 0.728 0.386 0.131 06. 0.709 0.356 0.105 07. 0.726 0.245 0.109 08. 0.329 0.166 0.685 09. 0.080 0.254 0.833 10. 0.100 0.159 0.850 11. 0.510 0.080 0.497 12. 0.853 0.039 0.146 13. 0.839 0.191 0.074 14. 0.802 0.173 0.214 15. 0.664 0.293 0.341 0.806 0.914 48

11 α 0.918 α 0.914 3 α 0.871 α 0.854 8 α 0.808 α 0.806 0.0040.0170.002 3.3 3.4 3.4 α (%) 05. 0.728 06. 0.709 07. 0.726 11. 0.510 7.289 48.595 0.914 12. 0.853 13. 0.839 14. 0.802 15. 0.664 01. 0.724 02. 0.772 1.857 12.382 0.854 03. 0.703 04. 0.781 08. 0.685 09. 0.833 1.218 8.118 0.806 10. 0.850 3.6.4 3.5 3.6 49

10.4291.593 1.017 65.196 10 0.5 3-6 0.844 0.910 3.5 01. 0.263 0.678 0.280 02. 0.331 0.802 0.180 03. 0.341 0.729 0.259 04. 0.067 0.650 0.484 05. 0.324 0.227 0.701 06. 0.189 0.280 0.699 07. 0.773 0.237 0.220 08. 0.748 0.112 0.359 09. 0.753 0.369 0.075 10. 0.494 0.415 0.317 11. 0.449 0.566 0.275 12. 0.289 0.280 0.686 13. 0.076 0.164 0.796 14. 0.218 0.170 0.681 15. 0.503 0.543 0.303 16. 0.598 0.453 0.308 17. 0.570 0.276 0.453 18. 0.803 0.319 0.147 19. 0.576 0.524 0.202 20. 0.476 0.604 0.214 7 0.570 0.803 52.147 7 0.543 0.802 50

7.963 5 0.681 0.796 5.086 3.5 3.6 3.6 α (%) 07. 0.773 08. 0.748 09. 0.753 16. 0.598 10.429 52.147 0.910 17. 0.570 18. 0.803 19. 0.576 01. 0.678 02. 0.802 03. 0.729 04. 0.650 1.593 7.963 0.903 11. 0.566 15. 0.543 20. 0.604 05. 0.701 06. 0.699 12. 0.686 1.017 5.086 0.844 13. 0.796 14. 0.681 51

3.7 EXCEL & SPSS Likert 1 cronbach α Pearson T T 52

Scheffe Scheffe s Multiple Comparison 53

SPSS (5,200 ) 4.1 96 1 96 4 ( ) 7.2% 2 620 331 53.39 325 52.42 4.1 4.1 700 500 1,600 2,400 5,200 100 60 200 260 620 80 40 53 158 331 74 39 53 158 324 74.00% 65.00% 26.50% 60.77% 52.26% 54

4.2 4.2 78.46% 40~ 50 39.38% 81.85% 50.46% 10 68.0% 60 67.08% 7 1 325 4.2 (N = 325 ) () (%) 255 78.46 70 21.54 325 100.00 50 54 16.62 40~ 50 128 39.38 30~ 40 117 36.00 30 26 8.00 325 100.00 40 12.31 53 16.31 111 34.15 47 14.46 74 22.77 325 100.00 59 18.15 266 81.85 325 100.00 66 20.31 1 42 12.92 2 149 45.85 3 58 17.85 4 10 3.08 325 100.00 55

4.2() (N = 325 ) 4 1.23 164 50.46 89 27.38 47 14.46 21 6.46 325 100.00 137 42.15 157 48.31 31 9.54 325 100.00 173 53.23 83 25.54 57 17.54 12 3.69 325 100.00 3 15 4.62 3~6 22 6.77 6~10 67 20.62 10~20 129 39.69 20 92 28.31 325 100.00 40 21 6.46 40~60 86 26.46 60~80 109 33.54 80 109 33.54 325 100.00 4.3 4.3 3 15. (2.963) 78.77% 56

1/3 01. (3.311) 02. (3.480) 05. (3.317) 13. (3.326) 4.3 01. 3.311 0.955 02. 3.480 0.915 03.3.058 1.027 04. 3.074 0.923 05. 3.317 0.917 06. 3.243 0.962 07. 3.132 0.942 08. 3.166 0.884 09. 3.298 0.930 10. 3.123 0.852 11. 3.120 0.920 12.3.138 0.954 13. 3.326 0.942 14. 3.086 0.868 15. 2.963 0.871 16. 3.289 0.904 4.4 3 7. (2.994) 57

1. (3.375) 2. (3.425) 4.4 1. 3.375 0.886 2. 3.425 0.902 3. 3.268 0.946 4. 3.105 0.847 5. 3.222 0.864 6. 3.065 0.940 7. 2.994 0.911 8. 3.006 0.779 9. 3.191 0.923 10. 3.019 0.873 11. 3.111 0.864 12. 3.160 0.832 4.5 3 03. (2.907) 3 10 68.0% 20 28.31% 58

13. (3.449) 14. (3.415) 4.5 05. 3.402 0.811 06. 3.307 0.868 07. 3.383 0.856 11. 3.142 0.833 12. 3.396 0.810 13. 3.449 0.796 14. 3.415 0.773 15. 3.356 0.772 01. 3.325 0.836 02. 3.248 0.800 03. 2.907 0.693 04. 3.330 0.825 08. 2.892 0.889 09. 2.849 0.832 10. 2.713 0.855 4.6 3 13. (3.046) 14. (3.006) 59

7. (3.485) 8. (3.485) 9. (3.540) 18. (3.602) 3. (3.417) 11. (3.412) 4.6 7. 3.485 0.797 8. 3.485 0.812 9. 3.540 0.748 16. 3.380 0.791 17.3.290 0.827 18. 3.602 0.742 19. 3.429 0.774 1. 3.312 0.839 2. 3.383 0.731 3. 3.417 0.768 4. 3.146 0.735 11. 3.412 0.719 15. 3.373 0.775 20. 3.398 0.790 5. 3.120 0.880 6. 3.117 0.861 12. 3.179 0.754 13. 3.046 0.787 14. 3.006 0.841 60

4.4 Scheffe ( ) ( ) 4.7 4.7 N324 F P 255 0.080 0.971 7.741 0.006** 69-0.294 1.057 255 0.041 0.988 69-0.152 1.035 2.040 0.154 248-0.064 0.957 69 0.260 1.129 5.720 0.017* 248-0.040 0.987 69 0.181 1.040 2.641 0.105 248 0.062 1.000 69-0.250 0.986 5.294 0.022* 248-0.105 0.934 68 0.396 1.162 13.727 0.000** 248-0.035 1.001 3.102 0.079 68 0.205 0.963 248 0.053 1.004 2.948 0.087 68-0.183 0.998 P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 61

4.8 N324 F P Scheffe 50 54 5.469 0.864 40~ 50 127 0.028 0.839 30~ 40 117-0.209 1.102 30 26-0.330 1.088 50 54 0.491 0.830 40~ 50 127 0.012 0.810 30~ 40 117-0.168 1.138 30 26-0.322 1.177 50 52 0.232 0.806 40~ 50 126-0.004 1.026 30~ 40 113-0.129 1.075 30 26 0.194 0.873 50 52 0.359 0.870 40~ 50 126 0.014 0.928 30~ 40 113-0.112 1.080 30 26-0.195 1.112 50 52 0.253 1.062 40~ 50 126 0.063 0.894 30~ 40 113-0.174 1.047 30 26-0.129 1.105 50 52 0.242 0.792 40~ 50 126 0.059 0.998 30~ 40 112-0.144 1.078 30 26-0.116 1.050 50 52 0.187 0.812 40~ 50 126-0.016 0.850 30~ 40 112-0.067 1.165 30 26 0.196 1.181 50 52 0.288 0.803 40~ 50 126 0.037 0.891 30~ 40 112-0.185 1.096 8.642 0.000** 6.690 0.000** 1.876 0.134 3.093 0.027* 2.581 0.054 2.042 0.108 1.097 0.350 2.822 0.039* 30 26 0.067 1.340 P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 40 >40 40 >40 62

4.8 p-value 0.01 50 30 50 40 30 40 4.9 4.9 N324 F P Scheffe 39 0.096 0.782 53 0.126 0.806 111-0.074 0.977 47-0.508 1.286 74 0.292 0.941 40 0.082 0.838 53 0.124 0.736 111-0.114 1.070 46-0.469 1.226 5.335 0.000** > 5.455 0.000** > 63

74 0.329 0.854 4.9() N324 40-0.190 1.015 52-0.151 0.903 108-0.130 0.990 45 0.130 1.018 72 0.356 1.007 40 0.332 0.936 52-0.032 0.781 108-0.284 1.058 45 0.507 0.844 72-0.016 1.032 40-0.078 0.904 52 0.201 0.821 108-0.118 0.998 45-0.465 0.990 72 0.338 1.066 40 0.224 0.956 52-0.210 0.978 108-0.059 1.012 44 0.088 0.951 72 0.074 1.066 40-0.058 0.838 52-0.314 0.763 108-0.177 1.165 44 0.452 0.953 72 0.323 0.809 40 0.009 1.051 52 0.130 0.780 108-0.201 1.052 44-0.088 1.150 72 0.266 0.909 3.664 0.006** 6.607 0.000** 5.723 0.000** 1.338 0.256 6.776 0.000** 2.694 0.031* > > > > 64

P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 4.10 4.10 N324 F P 59-0.265 1.113 5.129 0.024* 265 0.059 0.966 59-0.287 1.145 265 0.064 0.955 58 0.003 1.113 259 0.007 0.981 58-0.042 0.951 259 0.020 1.014 58-0.129 1.108 6.030 0.015* 0.001 0.977 0.182 0.670 1.070 0.302 259 0.022 0.979 58-0.043 0.976 0.149 0.699 258 0.013 1.015 58 0.090 1.028 0.381 0.538 258-0.000 0.991 58-0.152 1.239 1.661 0.198 258 0.037 0.945 P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 4.11 4.11 N324 F P Scheffe 4-1.176 2.061 4.053 0.003** 163 0.084 0.992 65

89-0.251 1.047 > 47 0.265 0.759 21 0.039 0.780 4.11() N324 4-0.934 1.883 163 0.096 0.927 89-0.172 1.132 47 0.062 0.951 21 0.024 0.748 4-0.073 0.884 160 0.087 0.992 87-0.235 1.022 45 0.132 0.910 21 0.135 1.153 4-0.008 0.351 160 0.078 0.989 87 0.053 1.002 45-0.238 1.062 21-0.179 1.011 4-0.237 1.387 160 0.088 1.005 87-0.194 1.053 45 0.083 0.904 21-0.088 0.877 4-0.221 0.791 159 0.158 1.023 87-0.241 1.050 45-0.062 0.863 21 0.022 0.862 4-0.067 1.215 159 0.008 0.908 87-0.030 1.111 45 0.043 1.097 21 0.237 0.944 4 0.096 1.311 159 0.020 0.942 87-0.151 1.088 45 0.246 1.063 1.978 0.098 1.798 0.129 1.103 0.355 1.293 0.272 2.361 0.053 0.320 0.865 1.199 0.311 66

21-0.041 0.920 P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 4.12 4.12 N324 F P Scheffe 136-0.083 1.014 157 0.117 1.015 31-0.225 0.794 137-0.133 0.929 156 0.176 1.064 31-0.300 0.818 136-0.102 0.930 150 0.064 1.104 31 0.071 0.779 136-0.070 0.923 150 0.078 1.095 31-0.154 0.832 136-0.183 1.005 150 0.232 1.014 31-0.259 0.684 2.353 0.097 5.151 0.006** 1.079 0.341 1.138 0.322 7.617 0.001** 135-0.114 0.940 150 0.089 1.097 1.486 0.228 31 0.038 0.786 135-0.053 0.936 150 0.037 1.084 0.475 0.622 31-0.120 0.800 135-0.017 0.974 1.848 0.159 > > 67

150 0.073 1.075 31-0.305 0.725 P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 4.13 N324 F 172-0.202 1.096 83 0.121 0.910 57 0.297 0.699 12 0.649 0.584 172-0.138 1.068 83 0.088 0.955 57 0.173 0.808 12 0.552 0.824 170-0.007 1.032 80 0.070 1.042 55-0.120 0.918 12 0.345 0.645 170 0.031 1.023 80-0.042 0.942 55-0.016 1.096 12 0.134 0.627 170-0.044 1.060 80-0.114 0.948 55 0.235 0.849 12 0.146 1.115 169 0.071 1.050 80-0.105 1.033 55-0.055 0.889 12 0.023 0.672 169 0.076 1.009 80-0.102 1.002 55-0.064 0.956 12 0.344 0.933 169-0.191 1.059 6.425 0.000** 3.168 0.025* 0.862 0.461 0.168 0.918 1.544 0.203 0.627 0.598 1.131 0.337 P Scheffe > 68

80 0.235 0.899 55 0.129 0.865 12 0.585 0.969 5.346 P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 4.13 2 3 4.14 ; 4.14 N324 F P Scheffe 3 15-0.367 1.311 3~6 22-0.496 0.907 6~10 67-0.220 1.117 10~20 129 0.029 0.964 20 91 0.301 0.825 3 15-0.200 1.305 3~6 22-0.472 1.142 6~10 67-0.268 1.204 10~20 129 0.067 0.886 20 91 0.250 0.809 4.992 0.001** 4.318 0.002** 3 15 0.455 1.171 1.241 0.293 20 > 3~6 20 > 3~6 69

3~6 22-0.167 0.964 6~10 65-0.068 1.132 10~20 126-0.040 0.990 20 89 0.094 0.895 4.14() N324 3 15-0.326 0.910 3~6 22-0.318 1.337 6~10 65-0.140 0.984 10~20 126-0.091 0.992 20 89 0.395 0.844 3 15 0.189 1.104 3~6 22-0.333 1.233 6~10 65-0.217 1.004 10~20 126 0.108 1.013 20 89 0.035 0.885 3 15-0.058 0.934 3~6 22-0.375 1.212 6~10 64-0.052 1.040 10~20 126-0.028 1.013 20 89 0.189 0.911 3 15 0.351 1.051 3~6 22-0.323 1.381 6~10 64-0.182 0.940 10~20 126 0.043 1.028 20 89 0.151 0.833 3 15 0.377 1.190 3~6 22 0.099 1.286 6~10 64-0.122 1.024 10~20 126-0.135 0.982 5.249 0.000** 1.913 0.108 1.638 0.164 2.155 0.074 2.295 0.059 20 89 0.199 0.882 P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 20 > 3~6 70

4.15 60~80 4.15 N324 F P Scheffe 40 21-1.305 1.311 80 40~60 86-0.108 0.834 21.965 0.000** > 60~80 108-0.068 1.039 40 80 109 0.405 0.738 40 21-1.090 1.455 80 40~60 85 0.041 0.786 13.534 0.000** > 60~80 109-0.121 1.012 40 80 109 0.298 0.871 40 21-0.092 0.871 40~60 84 0.055 1.148 60~80 107-0.058 0.998 0.354 0.787 80 105 0.053 0.916 40 21-0.036 1.269 40~60 84 0.125 0.783 60~80 107-0.147 1.077 1.453 0.227 80 105 0.082 1.012 40 21-0.351 1.491 40~60 84-0.022 0.749 60~80 107-0.040 1.161 1.345 0.260 80 105 0.110 0.879 40 20-0.391 1.160 40~60 84 0.132 1.092 60~80 107-0.042 0.992 1.570 0.197 80 105 0.020 0.907 40 20 0.301 1.181 2.074 0.104 40~60 84 0.064 0.800 60~80 107-0.163 1.085 71

80 105 0.108 0.992 40 20-0.357 1.368 40~60 84-0.030 0.892 2.575 0.054 60~80 107-0.097 1.076 80 105 0.197 0.912 P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 4.5 Pearson γ 0.71.0 γ 0.30.7 γ 00.3 γ 1 γ0 4.16 γ=0.855, p<0.01 γ=0.372, p<0.01 γ=0.293, p<0.01 γ=0.546, p<0.01 γ=0.257, p<0.01 γ=0.219, p<0.01 γ=0.601, p<0.01 () γ=0.289, p<0.01 () γ=0.217, p<0.01 72

() γ=0.600, p<0.01 4.16 Pearson 1.000 0.855** 1.000 0.372** 0.408** 1.000 0.293** 0.313** 0.000 1.000 0.546** 0.548** 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.257** 0.289** 0.554** 0.111* -0.035 1.000 0.219** 0.217** 0.403** 0.352** 0.011 0.000 1.000 0.601** 0.600** 0.254** 0.244** 0.557** 0.000 0.000 1.000 ** < 0.01* < 0.05 () γ=0.554, p<0.01 () γ=0.403, p<0.01 () γ=0.254, p<0.01 () γ=0.111, p<0.05 () γ=0.352, p<0.01 () γ=0.244, p<0.01 73

() () γ=0.557, p<0.01 4.6 Adjusted R 4.17 F 872.746P 0.000 R 0.731 Adjusted R 0.730 73.0% P 0.942 > α 0.05 0 Y1=0.858 X1 4.17 t P 74

(Y1) 0.0021 0.072 0.942 0.858 29.542 0.000** (X1) R Adj R F P 0.731 0.730 872.746 0.000** P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 10.0% 35.9% () 4.18 F 28.547P 0.000 R 0.083 Adjusted R 0.080 8.0% P 0.955 > α 0.05 0 Y1=0.295 X1 4.18 t (Y1) P R Adj R F P 75

0.0031-0.057 0.955 0.295 5.343 0.000** (X1) 0.083 0.080 28.547 0.000** P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 () 4.19 F 15.470P 0.000 R 0.047 Adjusted R 0.044 4.4% P 0.755 > α 0.05 0 Y1=0.210 X1 4.19 t (Y1) -0.0171-0.312 0.755 0.210 3.933 0.000** (X1) P R Adj R F P 0.047 0.044 15.470 0.000** P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 () 4.20 F 176.208P 0.000 76

R 0.359 Adjusted R 0.357 35.7% P 0.953 > α 0.05 0 Y1=0.611 X1 4.20 t (Y1) -0.0027-0.060 0.953 0.611 13.274 0.000** (X1) P R Adj R F P 0.359 0.357 176.208 0.000** P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 () 4.21 F 49.866P 0.000 R 0.320 Adjusted R 0.314 31.4% P 0.995 > α 0.05 77

0 P 0.000 P 0.01 < 0.017 < 0.05 P 0.443 > α 0.05 Y1=0.553 X1 + 0.110 X2 4.21 t (Y1) 0.0002-0.006 0.995 0.553 11.973 0.000** (X1) 0.110 2.391 0.017* (X2) 0.035-0.768 0.443 (X3) P R Adj R F P 0.320 0.314 49.886 0.000** P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 () 4.22 F 42.430P 0.000 R 0.286 Adjusted R 0.279 27.9% P 0.998 > α 0.05 78

0 P 0.000 P 0.819 > α 0.05 Y1=0.402 X1 + 0.351 X2 4.22 t (Y1) 0.0001 0.003 0.998 0.402 8.496 0.000** (X1) 0.351 7.419 0.000** (X2) 0.011 0.229 0.819 (X3) P R Adj R F P 0.286 0.279 42.430 0.000** P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 () 4.23 F 81.316P 0.000 R 0.434 Adjusted R 0.429 42.9% P 0.966 > α 0.05 0 79

P 0.000 Y1=0.253 X1 + 0.245 X2 + 0.557 X3 4.23 t (Y1) 0.0018 0.043 0.966 0.253 6.016 0.000** (X1) 0.245 5.805 0.000** (X2) 0.557 13.195 0.000** (X3) P R Adj R F P 0.434 0.429 81.316 0.000** P ** < 0.01* < 0.05 80

5.1 () 3 2~3 () (1) (2) (3) 81

() 3 10 68.0% 78.8% 80 66.5% () () 1. 2. 50 30 50 30 3. 4. 82

5. 6. 7. 2 3 8. ; 9. 60~80 5.1 1. 2. 83

78% 3. 5.1 ** ** ** * ** ** ** ** ** ** * ** * ** ** * ** * ** ** * ** ** ** ** * * ** ** < 0.01* < 0.05 84

4. () Pearson 1. 2. 3. 85

5.2 78.77% 25.54 1/3 86

5~7 21.54 5.3 60 5 ( 331 5.5 ) 87

5.4 88

( ) [1] 1995 [2] 1999 [3] 2005 [4] II 2004 [5] 1993 [6] 1997 [7] 1986 [8] 1992 [9] 7 2 2000p271-282 [10] 25 1989 p52-70 [11] 18 1999 [12] 1996 [13] 122 1996 p45-73 [14] 89

35 1977p13-56 [15] 1997p141-166 [16] 201 1991p117-122 [17] 2000 [18] 2002 [19] 2005 [20] 2003 [21] 1993 [22] 2004 [23] 2004 [24] 峯 2002 [25] 2002 90

[26] 2005 [27] 1989 [28] 2005 [29] 200 [30] 2005 [31] 2001 [32] 2004 [33] 1989 [34] 2004 [35] 2000 [36] 1995 91

( ) [1] A. MaslowMotivation and personality, New York: Harper & Row, 1954. [2] J.S. Adams, Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz(Ed.), Advances In Experimental Social Psychology, 2San Diego, CAAcademic Press.1965, pp267-299. [3] Alderfer, C.P. Effects of task factors on Job attitudes and Job behaviors.ll.1969. [4] E. P. Lazear, Personnel Economics For Managers, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.1998. [5] F. Herzberg, B. Mausner, & B. Snyderman, The Motivation to Work, New York: John Wiley,1959. [6] J. R. Hackman, & G. R. Oldham, Motivation through the Design of Work: Test of a Theory, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 1976, pp.16, 250-279. [7] R.I. Henderson, Compensation Management: Rewarding Performance, Reston, Viginia: Reston Publishing Co.,1979. [8] H.G. Heneman, & D.P. Schwab, Work and rewards theory. In D. Yoder & H.G. Heneman, Jr. (Eds.) ASPA Handbook of personnel and industrial relations, 6 1-12. Washington, DC: Bureau of National Affairs.1979. [9] R. Hoppock, Job Satisfacation, New YorkHarper.1935. [10] G. H. Ironson, P. C. Smith, M. T. Brannick, W. M. Gibson & K. B. Paul. Construction of a Job in General Scale: A Comparison of Global, Composite, and Specific Measures. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 74, 1989, pp. 193-200. [11] Lance & Dorothy, The Compensation Handbook, 4 th, pp42, McGraw-Hill, USA. 1999. 92

[12] E. E. Lawler, III. Pay and organizational effectiveness: A psychological approach. New York: McGraw-Hill. USA. 1971. [13] E. E. Lawler, Pay and Organizational Development, MassAddison-Wesley. 1981. [14] E. A. Locke, The nature and causes of job satisfaction, Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, edited by M.D. Dunnette, New YorkPlenum, 1976, pp.27-55. [15] G.T. Milkovich,J.M. Newman, Compensation New York: McGraw-Hill.1999. Milkovich & Newman, Compension, Richard D. Irwin, Inc, USA. 1993. [16] I. Porter, & E. Lawler, Managerial Attitudes and Performance, Homewood: Richard D. Irwin, Inc, USA. 1968. [17] S.P. Robbins, Personnel : The Management of Human Resource Englewood Cliffs, N.Y:Prentice-Hall,Inc.1978. [18] R. Y. Cavana, B. L. Delahaya, & U. Sekaran, Applied Business Research, Qualitative and Quantitative Methods, NY; Wiley. 2001. [19] S. E. Seashore, and T. D. Taber, Job-Satisfaction Indicators and Their Correlates, American Behavioral Scientist, 1975, pp.333~368. [20] P. C. Smith, L. M. Kendall, & C. L. Hulin, Measurement of satisfaction in work and retirement, ChicagoRand McNally.1969. [21] V. H. Vroom, Work and motivation. New York: John Wiley.1964. [22] D.J. Weiss, R.V. Davis, G.W. Englang, and L.H. Lofguist, Manual forthe Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, Minnesota Studies on Vocational Rehabilitation, Vol.22 (1), 1967. [23] J. P. Wanous & E. E. Lawler, Measurement and Meaning of Job Satisfaction, Journal of Applied Psychology, 1972, pp.95-105. 93

02-2771-2171 3413 Emailskliao@ntut.edu.tw 02-2771-2171 3473 Emailhuang261@ms54.hinet.net 94

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