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305 Classical Confucian Hermeneutics and the Reconstruction of an Ideal World: A Study of Zhu Xi s Interpretations of Zhounan and Shaonan Chih-hsin Chen* Abstract This paper looks at Zhu Xi s commentary on the Zhounan and Shaonan sections in his Shiji zhuan in an attempt to show how, in the Confucian hermeneutical tradition, the commentator goes beyond merely giving explanations of particular words and sentences to engage in reconstructing a picture of an ideal world embedded in the text. We suggest that in the process of examining the meaning of a single word or sentence, an entire section, or even the arrangement of individual works in a classic, Confucian commentators pull together varied elements to construct a picture of an ideal world that either ought to exist or is preserved in the text. (At times the annotator will go beyond the scope of a single work and bring in elements from other classics in his discussion to give an even more detailed and elaborate view of that ideal world). Armed with this utopian vision, the Confucian then goes on to size up the world in which he lives in relation to the ideal world of the classics and offer up educational or political methods that would help shorten the distance between the present and the classical ideal. * Chih-hsin Chen is an assistant professor in the Department of Chinese Literature at National Taiwan University.

306 21 1 Keywords: Confucian classics, Book of Songs, Zhu Xi, Shiji zhuan, Chinese hermeneutics